Poetry

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Poetry Language under pressure

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Poetry is language under pressure

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Types of POETRY

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A short poem Usually written in first person point of view Expresses an emotion or an idea or describes a scene Does not tell a story Often musical Lyric Poetry Many of the poems we read will be lyrics. The lyre

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Tells a story Has a plot Generally longer than the lyric styles of poetry because the poet needs to establish characters and a plot. Narrative Poetry Examples of Narrative Poems “Casey at the Bat” “The Raven”

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The speaker of the poem is clearly someone other than the poet. Can be dialogue in which more than one person speaks. Dramatic Poetry Example of Dramatic Poems “Incident in a Rose Garden”

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The poet is the author of the poem. POET SPEAKER The speaker of the poem is the “narrator” of the poem. Point of View in Poetry

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Stanza : A poetic unit with a set number of lines   Couplet = a two line stanza Quatrain = a stanza with four lines Octave = an eight line stanza TERMS

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Meter The pattern of stressed and unstressed lines. The number of rhythmic beats (feet). A foot that contains an unstressed (˘) and a stressed (ʹ) syllable is called iambic. A line that has five iambic feet is called iambic pentameter. But soft! What light through yonder window breaks? It is the east, and Juliet is the sun! ˘ ˘ ˘ ˘ ˘ ˘ ˘ ˘ ˘ ˘ ʹ ʹ ʹ ʹ ʹ ʹ ʹ ʹ ʹ ʹ TERMS

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A rhyme scheme is a pattern of rhyme (usually end rhyme, but not always). Use the letters of the alphabet to represent sounds to be able to visually “see” the pattern. RHYME SCHEME

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The Germ by Ogden Nash A mighty creature is the germ, Though smaller than the pachyderm. His customary dwelling place Is deep within the human race. His childish pride he often pleases By giving people strange diseases. Do you, my poppet, feel infirm? You probably contain a germ. RHYME SCHEME a a b b c c a a

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Free Verse does NOT have any repeating patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables. Does NOT have rhyme. Free verse poetry is very conversational - sounds like someone talking with you. A more modern type of poetry. TERMS

REFRAIN : 

REFRAIN A sound, word, phrase or line repeated regularly in a poem. “Quoth the raven, ‘Nevermore.’”

Onomatopoeia : 

Words that imitate the sound they are naming BUZZ OR sounds that imitate another sound Onomatopoeia “The silken, sad, uncertain, rustling of each purple curtain . . .”

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Musical Devices

ALLITERATION : 

ALLITERATION Consonant sounds repeated at the beginnings of words If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, how many pickled peppers did Peter Piper pick?

CONSONANCE : 

CONSONANCE Similar to alliteration EXCEPT . . . The repeated consonant sounds can be anywhere in the words “silken, sad, uncertain, rustling...”

ASSONANCE : 

ASSONANCE Repeated vowel sounds in a line or lines of poetry. (Often creates near rhyme.) Lake Fate Base Fade (All share the long “a” sound.)

Examples of ASSONANCE: : 

Examples of ASSONANCE: “Slow the low gradual moan came in the snowing.” John Masefield “Shall ever medicine thee to that sweet sleep.” - William Shakespeare

Figurative Language : 

Figurative Language

SIMILE : 

SIMILE A comparison of two things using “like” or “as.” “She is as beautiful asa sunrise.”

METAPHOR : 

METAPHOR A direct comparison of two unlike things “All the world’s a stage, and we are merely players.” William Shakespeare

PERSONIFICATION : 

PERSONIFICATION An animal given human-like qualities or an object given life-like qualities.

Parallelism : 

Parallelism use of similar grammatical structure in succeeding lines of verse. If a line is written a certain way, the next lines are written the same way.