journalism

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Journalism

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advance angle attribution brite caption censor cliché copyright defamation downstyle Terms editorial feature five Ws & the H fold format gutter inverted pyramid kicker lead (lede) libel nameplate plagiarism point primary head proofing secondary head tabloid transition

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History of American Journalism PUBLICK OCCURRENCES- 1690 No “Freedom of the Press” Peter Zenger Case- printed criticisms about the governor of NY Zenger charged with seditious libel Libel is a form of defamation Libel law at the time: “The greater the truth, the greater the libel” Trial established the right of a newspaper to print the truth

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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances. The First Amendment to the Constitution of The United States of America of freedom the press

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Yellow Journalism William Randolph Hearst “You furnish the pictures. I’ll furnish the war.” Unethical, irresponsible journalism Hoaxes, altered photos, sensational headlines Competition between New York Journal and New York World

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The Muckrakers Ida Tarbell Upton Sinclair unethical & illegal business dealings food & drug corruption child labor automobile safety political corruption Ralph Nader Bob Woodward & Carl Bernstein

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Types of articles Straightnews Features fillers

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Timeliness Prominence Proximity Consequence Human Interest Odd Conflict Emotion Straight News

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Stories that go into deeper detail than straight news More “human” Human interest entertainment More creativity Feature Stories

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Brites Advances Comics Horoscopes Puzzles Recipes Other “fun” stuff Fillers

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NOT News NEWS! Dog bites man Man bites dog

5Ws & H : 

5Ws & H Who? What? When? Where? Why? How?

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LEAD (LEDE) Almost always a single sentence Summarize the most important of the “Ws” Limit to one central idea “Hook” the reader

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Inverted Pyramid

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A “slant” to your story. makes the purpose of the story clear and give it focus. Have an ANGLE RIGHT:More than 100 people were left homeless after a tornado struck Titusville yesterday. WRONG:Seventeen houses were flattened by a tornado that struck Titusville yesterday.

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murder forced captured Bias/Tone death assisted detained Highly Charged Words Less Charged Words BIASED MORE OBJECTIVE

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37 feared dead in boat accident Men heard boasting of daily shootings Shark fin soup alters ecosystem Oh rubbish!! Sucking up trash Violent storms batter southeast Groups sue over toxic toys Headlines

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Few or no articles Action verbs only Does the headline express the main idea of the story? Does the headline effectively label the story's content? Will it create reader interest? Will it move readers into the story? Does the headline focus match the lead focus? Are the words short, common, colorful, powerful, specific? Would you read a story with this headline? Headline Checklist

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HeadLine terms

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Craze makes comeback Hula Hoops on a roll Kicker / secondary head Primary head Downstyle Headline Example

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REALLY Bad Headlines Man stabbed 37 times-police rule out suicide March planned for next August Patient at death's door--doctors pull him through Child's stool great for use in garden Juvenile court to try shooting defendant Police begin campaign to run down jaywalkers

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Really Bad Headlines William Kelly, 87, was fed secretary Iraqi head seeks arms  Drunk gets nine months in violin case Enraged cow injures farmer with ax Deer kill 7,000 Local high school dropouts cut in half Include your children when baking cookies

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Tabloid Format fold gutter caption point Parts of A Newspaper