logging in or signing up MICRO NEEDLE ARRAYS robin_vinnu Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1081 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (0) Added: October 31, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: amarnath3 (11 month(s) ago) fantastic presentation, please could you send me this presentation to my email address(amargorantala@gmail.com) thank you Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: SomeVisio (12 month(s) ago) fantastic presentation! please could you send me this presentation to this e-mail address: (some.vision.aries@gmail.com) thank you keep up the great work Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: sulimanf16 (14 month(s) ago) great effort and a fantastic presentation please could you sending me this presentation on my e-mail address (a1pharmatech@yahoo.com) thank you Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: By B Rajesh M Pharm MICRO NEEDLE ARRAYS CONTENTS : CONTENTS Introduction Fabrication of micro needles Advantages Disadvantages In-vivo testing of micro needles Applications Conclusion References RECENT ADVANCES IN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS : RECENT ADVANCES IN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS “DRUGS ARE DESIGNED WITH DISEASE IN MIND . DELIVERY SYSTEMS ARE DESIGNED WITH PATIENT IN MIND” MICRO NEDLES : MICRO NEDLES DEFINITION: Micro needles are micron- scale needles assembled on a transdermal patch have been proposed as a hybrid between hypodermic needles and transdermal patches to overcome the individual limitations of both injections and patches LACK OF PAIN CAUSED BY MICRO NEEDLES skins stratum corneum has no nerves Even though entering into dermis it doesn’t produce pain Slide 6: TDDS is limited by the extra ordinary barrier properties of stratum corneum , the outer 10-15 µm of skin Conventional needles - infection and cause pain Reducing patient compliance Hence its replacement of stainless steel hypodermic injection needles with needles that smaller diameter and sharper tips Micro needles to MINIMISE PAIN AND TISSUE DAMAGE REASON FOR EFFECTIVE RESPONSE THROUGH SKIN : REASON FOR EFFECTIVE RESPONSE THROUGH SKIN Skin is very sensitive organ of the body and it has immuno- stimulatory effect as it contains langerhan cells. This will enable the drugs to produce a pharmacological response or effect on administration which is faster when compared to traditional methods of drug delivery. Incase of vaccines- antibodies are produced quickly and is pain less method. DESIGN PARAMETERS : DESIGN PARAMETERS IN GENERAL TERMS MAKE NEEDLES THAT: Go into skin easily Deliver drugs effectively Don’t hurt Are bio-compatible DESIGN PARAMETERS : DESIGN PARAMETERS NEEDLE NEED TO - Withstand typical handling. Deliver controlled amount of drug at specific rate. Deliver to precise depth in body. Withstand insertion without buckling, fracture or delamination. Slide 11: Polymers must be selected to have sufficient mechanical strength Metals are typically strong enough Micro-needle geometry is also important micro needle length, width, shape all influence force required for micro needle fracture DESIGN PARAMETERS MATERIALS FOR CONSTRUCTION : MATERIALS FOR CONSTRUCTION Needles have been made from Glass Silicone-used with PDMS reservoir to hold the drug Metal-stainless steel, solid or coat of gold over ni, pd, or pd-co, and pt Bio degradable polymers, if a tip snaps off while inserted it will easily bio degrade-polylactic and polyglycollic acid FABRICATION OF MICRO NEEDLES : FABRICATION OF MICRO NEEDLES Steps involved in fabrication of micro needles Slide 18: Slide 19: Fig. Fabrication process sequence for coherent porous silicon technology. Fabrication of microneedles from CPS samples : Fabrication of microneedles from CPS samples Slide 21: Fig. Fabrication sequence for microneedles from cps samples. DRUG RESERVOIR : DRUG RESERVOIR The micro needle array system contains a drug reservoir system to hold the drug, like the deformable PDMS(polydimethyl siloxane) is used as the drug reservoir for the suspension of lyophilized drug From which the drug is released at constant rate by micro needle array into the skin The PDMS is chemically bonded with the silicone Then back side of the micro needle array is bonded withPDMS and silicone layer of micro needle array and release at constant rate on applicationon the skin Slide 23: The suspension is filled between the gaps of PDMS and silicone layer of the micro needle array and release at the constant rate on application on the skin The hollow micro needles contains bore which is necessary for the administration of the drug The bores are 5-70 µm in size and are designed according to the requirment MICRO NEEDLE ARRAY PATCH : MICRO NEEDLE ARRAY PATCH To facilitate their insertion and retention into skin, arrays of micro needle were integrated into adhesive patches These patches are designed to have a uniform pressure sensitive adhesive layer on one complete side of patch intended to contact the skin The adhesive served to hold the micro needles firmly against the skin by compensating for the mechanical mismatch between the flexible skin tissue and the rigid micro needle substrate, especially in case of out of plane arrays IN-VIVO TESTING OF MICRO NEEDLES : IN-VIVO TESTING OF MICRO NEEDLES KEY OBJECTIVES: 1) To perform skin toxicity test 2) To determine penetration force in different skin 3) To determine mechanical stability of micro needle 4) To determine bending breakage force 5) To perform various non clinical safety and pharmacological study 6) Determine various parameter s like skin senisitisation, genotoxicity, acute and chronic dermal toxicity, carcinogenicity etc Slide 27: Fig. (A) Optiscan StratumTM control. (B) Optiscan StratumTM microneedlepuncture test. Image depths: 0 µm (surface), 50 µm and 160µm. ADVANTAGES OF MICRO NEEDLES : ADVANTAGES OF MICRO NEEDLES MAJOR: when its inserted into skin it doesn’t pass sc so no pain, where as conventional needles which do pass this layer may effectively transmit the drug but may lead to infection and pain By fabricating these needles on a silicone substrate because of their small size, thousands of needles can be fabricated on a single wafer.- leads to high accuracy , reproducibility, and moderate fabrication cost Arrays continuously carry drugs into skin Slide 29: Hollow micro needles could be used to remove fluid from the body for analysis- such as blood glucose measurements Small needled provide highly targeted drug administration Capable of very accurate dosing, complete release patterns local delivery and biological drug stability enhancement by storage in a micro volume that can be precisely controlled Slide 30: DISADVANTAGES : DISADVANTAGES The needle made of silicone and if the silicone left under the skin after removing this patch – may create problems As they are very thin than hair tips can be broken off and left under skin – problem Skin irritation or allergy may occur incase of sensitive skin Designs of micro needles are difficult to apply on skin there proper application is needed and self- administration isn't easy The solid silicone micro needles fabrication includes silicone wafers and clean room process, which are quite expensive APPLICATIONS OF MICRONEEDLE PATCHES : APPLICATIONS OF MICRONEEDLE PATCHES Blood-glucose measurements Desmopressin delivery to treat enuresis in children Dense arrays are also used to deliver DNA into cells Used to deliver vaccines Ocular delivery of drugs Transdermal insulin delivery These patches used to acne Conclusion : Conclusion Needle phobias , multiple injections on daily basics can be overcome by microneedle patches. Large molecule therapeutic compounds cannot withstand the digestive system given by microneedle patches. However potential problem could arise. Once these problems are overcome the micro needle technology will have a tremendous impact on TDDS. REFERENCES : REFERENCES Harvinder s.gill ,MarkR.Prausnitz coated micro needles for transdermal delivery ,journal of controlled release 117(2007)227-237 M.R.P.Rao,A.Rathi,A.Laghate,S.Thigale Microneedle enhanced transdermal drug delivery HuabingChen, ionoto phoresis driven penetration of nano vesicles through micro –needles for delivery of insulin , journal of controlled release 139(2009)63-72 Aiko murkami Evaluation of self dissolving needles international journal of pharmaceutics 349(2008)124-129 N.Wilke,C.hibert,Silicone micro neddle electrode array sensors and actuatorsA123(2005)319-325 Slide 35: Z.Ding,Micro needle arrays for the transcutaneous imunization of diphteria and influenza , journal of controlles release 136(2009)71-78 MichealCormier, Transdermal delivery of desmopressin using a coated micro needle array patch , journal of controlled release 97(2004)503-511 GeorgeWidera, Effect of delivery parameters on immunization to ovalbumin , Vaccine 24 (2006)1653-1664 ShawnP.Davis, inserion of micro needles into skin journal of bio mechanics 37(2004)1155-1163 HenryS,Micro fabricated micro needles , anovel approach to transdermal delivery (1998)87,8,922 S.Kaushik,A.H.Hord Lack of pain associated with micro fabricated micro needles 92(2)(2001)502-504 Slide 36: J.AMatriano a new and efficientapproach to intracutaneous immunization ,Macro flux micro projection array patch technology19(1)(2002)63-70 J.H.Park,M.G Allen polymer micro needles for controlled release drug delivery system res23(5)(2006)1008-1019 M.L.Reed Micro systems for drugand gene delivery 92(1)(2004)56-75 J.H.Zan Micro fabricated polysilicone needles for minimally invasive bio medical devices 2(200)295-303 Slide 37: THANK YOU You do not have the permission to view this presentation. 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MICRO NEEDLE ARRAYS robin_vinnu Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 1081 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (0) Added: October 31, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 1 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: amarnath3 (11 month(s) ago) fantastic presentation, please could you send me this presentation to my email address(amargorantala@gmail.com) thank you Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: SomeVisio (12 month(s) ago) fantastic presentation! please could you send me this presentation to this e-mail address: (some.vision.aries@gmail.com) thank you keep up the great work Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: sulimanf16 (14 month(s) ago) great effort and a fantastic presentation please could you sending me this presentation on my e-mail address (a1pharmatech@yahoo.com) thank you Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: By B Rajesh M Pharm MICRO NEEDLE ARRAYS CONTENTS : CONTENTS Introduction Fabrication of micro needles Advantages Disadvantages In-vivo testing of micro needles Applications Conclusion References RECENT ADVANCES IN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS : RECENT ADVANCES IN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS “DRUGS ARE DESIGNED WITH DISEASE IN MIND . DELIVERY SYSTEMS ARE DESIGNED WITH PATIENT IN MIND” MICRO NEDLES : MICRO NEDLES DEFINITION: Micro needles are micron- scale needles assembled on a transdermal patch have been proposed as a hybrid between hypodermic needles and transdermal patches to overcome the individual limitations of both injections and patches LACK OF PAIN CAUSED BY MICRO NEEDLES skins stratum corneum has no nerves Even though entering into dermis it doesn’t produce pain Slide 6: TDDS is limited by the extra ordinary barrier properties of stratum corneum , the outer 10-15 µm of skin Conventional needles - infection and cause pain Reducing patient compliance Hence its replacement of stainless steel hypodermic injection needles with needles that smaller diameter and sharper tips Micro needles to MINIMISE PAIN AND TISSUE DAMAGE REASON FOR EFFECTIVE RESPONSE THROUGH SKIN : REASON FOR EFFECTIVE RESPONSE THROUGH SKIN Skin is very sensitive organ of the body and it has immuno- stimulatory effect as it contains langerhan cells. This will enable the drugs to produce a pharmacological response or effect on administration which is faster when compared to traditional methods of drug delivery. Incase of vaccines- antibodies are produced quickly and is pain less method. DESIGN PARAMETERS : DESIGN PARAMETERS IN GENERAL TERMS MAKE NEEDLES THAT: Go into skin easily Deliver drugs effectively Don’t hurt Are bio-compatible DESIGN PARAMETERS : DESIGN PARAMETERS NEEDLE NEED TO - Withstand typical handling. Deliver controlled amount of drug at specific rate. Deliver to precise depth in body. Withstand insertion without buckling, fracture or delamination. Slide 11: Polymers must be selected to have sufficient mechanical strength Metals are typically strong enough Micro-needle geometry is also important micro needle length, width, shape all influence force required for micro needle fracture DESIGN PARAMETERS MATERIALS FOR CONSTRUCTION : MATERIALS FOR CONSTRUCTION Needles have been made from Glass Silicone-used with PDMS reservoir to hold the drug Metal-stainless steel, solid or coat of gold over ni, pd, or pd-co, and pt Bio degradable polymers, if a tip snaps off while inserted it will easily bio degrade-polylactic and polyglycollic acid FABRICATION OF MICRO NEEDLES : FABRICATION OF MICRO NEEDLES Steps involved in fabrication of micro needles Slide 18: Slide 19: Fig. Fabrication process sequence for coherent porous silicon technology. Fabrication of microneedles from CPS samples : Fabrication of microneedles from CPS samples Slide 21: Fig. Fabrication sequence for microneedles from cps samples. DRUG RESERVOIR : DRUG RESERVOIR The micro needle array system contains a drug reservoir system to hold the drug, like the deformable PDMS(polydimethyl siloxane) is used as the drug reservoir for the suspension of lyophilized drug From which the drug is released at constant rate by micro needle array into the skin The PDMS is chemically bonded with the silicone Then back side of the micro needle array is bonded withPDMS and silicone layer of micro needle array and release at constant rate on applicationon the skin Slide 23: The suspension is filled between the gaps of PDMS and silicone layer of the micro needle array and release at the constant rate on application on the skin The hollow micro needles contains bore which is necessary for the administration of the drug The bores are 5-70 µm in size and are designed according to the requirment MICRO NEEDLE ARRAY PATCH : MICRO NEEDLE ARRAY PATCH To facilitate their insertion and retention into skin, arrays of micro needle were integrated into adhesive patches These patches are designed to have a uniform pressure sensitive adhesive layer on one complete side of patch intended to contact the skin The adhesive served to hold the micro needles firmly against the skin by compensating for the mechanical mismatch between the flexible skin tissue and the rigid micro needle substrate, especially in case of out of plane arrays IN-VIVO TESTING OF MICRO NEEDLES : IN-VIVO TESTING OF MICRO NEEDLES KEY OBJECTIVES: 1) To perform skin toxicity test 2) To determine penetration force in different skin 3) To determine mechanical stability of micro needle 4) To determine bending breakage force 5) To perform various non clinical safety and pharmacological study 6) Determine various parameter s like skin senisitisation, genotoxicity, acute and chronic dermal toxicity, carcinogenicity etc Slide 27: Fig. (A) Optiscan StratumTM control. (B) Optiscan StratumTM microneedlepuncture test. Image depths: 0 µm (surface), 50 µm and 160µm. ADVANTAGES OF MICRO NEEDLES : ADVANTAGES OF MICRO NEEDLES MAJOR: when its inserted into skin it doesn’t pass sc so no pain, where as conventional needles which do pass this layer may effectively transmit the drug but may lead to infection and pain By fabricating these needles on a silicone substrate because of their small size, thousands of needles can be fabricated on a single wafer.- leads to high accuracy , reproducibility, and moderate fabrication cost Arrays continuously carry drugs into skin Slide 29: Hollow micro needles could be used to remove fluid from the body for analysis- such as blood glucose measurements Small needled provide highly targeted drug administration Capable of very accurate dosing, complete release patterns local delivery and biological drug stability enhancement by storage in a micro volume that can be precisely controlled Slide 30: DISADVANTAGES : DISADVANTAGES The needle made of silicone and if the silicone left under the skin after removing this patch – may create problems As they are very thin than hair tips can be broken off and left under skin – problem Skin irritation or allergy may occur incase of sensitive skin Designs of micro needles are difficult to apply on skin there proper application is needed and self- administration isn't easy The solid silicone micro needles fabrication includes silicone wafers and clean room process, which are quite expensive APPLICATIONS OF MICRONEEDLE PATCHES : APPLICATIONS OF MICRONEEDLE PATCHES Blood-glucose measurements Desmopressin delivery to treat enuresis in children Dense arrays are also used to deliver DNA into cells Used to deliver vaccines Ocular delivery of drugs Transdermal insulin delivery These patches used to acne Conclusion : Conclusion Needle phobias , multiple injections on daily basics can be overcome by microneedle patches. Large molecule therapeutic compounds cannot withstand the digestive system given by microneedle patches. However potential problem could arise. Once these problems are overcome the micro needle technology will have a tremendous impact on TDDS. REFERENCES : REFERENCES Harvinder s.gill ,MarkR.Prausnitz coated micro needles for transdermal delivery ,journal of controlled release 117(2007)227-237 M.R.P.Rao,A.Rathi,A.Laghate,S.Thigale Microneedle enhanced transdermal drug delivery HuabingChen, ionoto phoresis driven penetration of nano vesicles through micro –needles for delivery of insulin , journal of controlled release 139(2009)63-72 Aiko murkami Evaluation of self dissolving needles international journal of pharmaceutics 349(2008)124-129 N.Wilke,C.hibert,Silicone micro neddle electrode array sensors and actuatorsA123(2005)319-325 Slide 35: Z.Ding,Micro needle arrays for the transcutaneous imunization of diphteria and influenza , journal of controlles release 136(2009)71-78 MichealCormier, Transdermal delivery of desmopressin using a coated micro needle array patch , journal of controlled release 97(2004)503-511 GeorgeWidera, Effect of delivery parameters on immunization to ovalbumin , Vaccine 24 (2006)1653-1664 ShawnP.Davis, inserion of micro needles into skin journal of bio mechanics 37(2004)1155-1163 HenryS,Micro fabricated micro needles , anovel approach to transdermal delivery (1998)87,8,922 S.Kaushik,A.H.Hord Lack of pain associated with micro fabricated micro needles 92(2)(2001)502-504 Slide 36: J.AMatriano a new and efficientapproach to intracutaneous immunization ,Macro flux micro projection array patch technology19(1)(2002)63-70 J.H.Park,M.G Allen polymer micro needles for controlled release drug delivery system res23(5)(2006)1008-1019 M.L.Reed Micro systems for drugand gene delivery 92(1)(2004)56-75 J.H.Zan Micro fabricated polysilicone needles for minimally invasive bio medical devices 2(200)295-303 Slide 37: THANK YOU