population policies in india

Population policies in India:

Population policies in India A way towards economic growth and social development Presented by- Ravi Raj Shanti Gupta

Objectives:

O bjectives Definition of population policy; Need of population policy in India; Convey common elements of population policy; Content of National Population Policy India, 2000; To understand objectives, new structures, themes, national demographics goals and interventions.

Definition of population policy:

Definition of population policy “A deliberate effort by a national government to influence the demographic variables like fertility, mortality and migration” ( Organski & Organski,1961)

Why population policy?:

Why population policy? On 11 May, 2000 India is projected to have 1 billion (100 crore ) people, i.e. 16 percent of the world's population on 2.4 percent of the globe's land area. If current trends continue, India may overtake China in 2045.

Increase in Global & Indian population :

Increase in Global & Indian population Global population increased threefold 3 to 6 billion. Indian population increased 238 million to 1 billion(approx).

Population policies of India:

Population policies of India 1946 Bhore Committee Report 1952 Launching of Family Planning Programme 1976 Statement of National Population Policy 1977 Policy Statement on Family Welfare Programme 1983 The National Health Policy of 1983 emphasized the need for "securing the small family norm, through voluntary efforts and moving towards the goal of population stabilization". 1991 " a long term holistic view of development, population growth and, environmental protection”

Common elements of population policy :

Common elements of population policy Demographic analysis Objectives and goals Assessment of interventions

National Population Policy India, 2000:

National Population Policy India, 2000 3 Objectives 12 Strategic Themes 14 National Socio-demographic Goals (2010) 4 New structures 16 Promotional and Motivational Measures 150 Interventions (National Population Policy , India, 2000)

Objectives of NPP:

Objectives of NPP Immediate objective : To fulfill unmet need for contraception, strengthening the health infrastructure, integrating the services for Reproductive and Child Health. Medium Term : Effective implementation of inter-sector strategies to substantially reduce the TFR by 2010. Long Term : To sustain the economic growth, social development and eco-conservation, stabilize the population by 2045.

Strategic themes:

Strategic themes Decentralized Planning and Programme Implementation Convergence of Service Delivery at Village Levels Empowering Women for Improved Health and Nutrition Child Health and Survival Meeting the Unmet Needs for Family Welfare Services Under-Served Population Groups

Contd…:

Contd… Diverse Health Care Providers Collaboration With and Commitments from Non-Government Organizations and the Private Sector Mainstreaming Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy Contraceptive Technology and Research on Reproductive and Child Health Providing support for the Older Population Information, Education, and Communication

New structures in NPP:

New structures in NPP National Commission on Population State / UT Commissions on Population Coordination Cell in the Planning Commission Technology Mission in the Department of Family Welfare

Promotional and motivational measures:

Promotional and motivational measures Incentives for Panchayat and Zila Parishads Balika Samridhi Yojana run by Department of Women and Child Development Maternity Benefit Scheme run by Department of Rural Development Family Welfare –linked Health Plan

Contd…:

Contd … Incentives for new married couple under Below Poverty Line Fund Revolvation : To SHGs for providing health services Child care centre's open in rural, urban, and slum areas. Affordable and accessible at diverse delivery points with counseling.

Contd…:

Contd … Facilities for safe abortion Innovative social marketing scheme. Ambulance services for referral transportation Vocational training for self employment to girls. Strict enforcement of child marriage Act, 1976

Contd…:

Contd … Strict enforcement of the Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act, 1994 Soft loans to ensure mobility for ANMs

Demographic Achievement:

Demographic Achievement Reduced crude birth rate (CBR) from 40.8 (1951) to 26.4 (1998, SRS) Halved the infant mortality rate (IMR) from 146 per 1000 live births (1951) to 72 per 1000 live births (1998, SRS); Quadrupled the couple protection rate (CPR) from 10.4 percent (1971) to 44 percent (1999); Reduced crude death rate (CDR) from 25 (1951) to 9.0 (1998, SRS); Added 25 years to life expectancy from 37 years to 62 years; Achieved nearly universal awareness of the need for and methods of family Planning, Reduced total fertility rate from 6.0 (1951) to 3.3 (1997, SRS). (National Population Policy , India, 2000)

Projection: Population in India:

Projection: Population in India March 1991 846.3 million March 2001 1012.4 million March 2011 1178.9 million March 2016 1263.5 million