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What is environment ? The word environment is derived from the French word “environ”. The meaning of the French word is somewhat related to “encompass” “encircle” etc. It is believed to have been introduced into the subject by biologist Jacob Van Erkul in the early 1900s. 1)Environment can be defined as the natural surroundings of that organism which directly or indirectly influences the growth and development of the organism.
2) Environment is defined as the surroundings in which an organization operates including air, water, land and natural resources, flora, fauna, humans and their inter relations” – ISO Definition
3) Environment is the sum total of all living and non living factors that
compose the surroundings of man
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COMPONENTS OF ENVIRONMENT 1. Components of Environment as per British literature Components BIOTIC ABIOTIC PRODUCERS CONSUMERS DECOMPOSERS CLIMATIC EDAPHIC
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Biotic Components
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Abiotic components
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2. Components of Environment as per American literature As per American literature, the components of environment are listed as
Hydrosphere(Water)
Atmosphere(Air)
Lithosphere(Land)
Biosphere(Flora/Fauna/Microbes)
Anthrosphere (man made things)
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Linkage between Components of environment All components of environment are closely related and interact with each other .Green plants prepare complex organic food by using abiotic factors like carbon dioxide and water in presence of sunlight by photosynthesis.
Green plants are used as food by herbivores and herbivores are eaten up by carnivores(secondary consumers).
Secondary consumers are eaten by tertiary consumers
Thus all living beings obtain food from plants directly or indirectly.
After the death of all these organisms , decomposers decompose complex organic substances of their body into simple inorganic forms which are again absorbed by the green plants and the cycle continues.
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SUN PRODUCERS DECOMPOSERS PRIMARYCONSUMER SECONDARY CONSUMER TERTIARY CONSUMER ABIOTIC FACTORS OF SOIL
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