Asthma

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Asthma: Made Easy: 

Asthma: Made Easy Jurmaida H. Pagayao , BSN, RN

overview: 

overview

Definition : 

Definition Often referred to as reactive airway disease (RAD) An intermittent, reversible, obstructive disease of the lungs

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Characterized by bronchospasm and hyperactivity to a multitude of triggering agents: Allergens Antigens Irritants

Incidence : 

Incidence Can occur at any age Affects about 5% of the population Men are twice as likely as women to get asthma

Onset : 

Onset Onset is usually sudden

Etiology : 

Etiology Triggers include: Allergens Infections Exercise Abrupt changes in the weather Exposure to airway irritants

Airway Irritants: 

Airway Irritants Tobacco smoke Perfume Cold air

Clinical Findings: 

Clinical Findings Difficulty breathing Wheezing Cough Dry or productive of white, thick sputum Chest tightness Anxiety Prolonged expiratory phase

Nursing focus: 

Nursing focus

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During an attack: Assess and maintain ABCs Notify RT /MD Implement collaborative care: Meds, IV fluids as ordered

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Stay with the patient Offer emotional support Monitor vital signs Document response to prescribed therapies

Patient teaching: 

Patient teaching

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Provide patient and family with literature on asthma Explain the actions, dosages, side effects, adverse reactions of asthma meds Provide instruction on the proper use of metered-dose inhalers

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Provide instructions on the proper use of peak flow meter Answer any questions about the patient’s asthma management plan Instruct the patient to seek immediate medical attention if symptoms are not relieved with prescribed meds

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Teach the patient and family: About the kinds of triggering agents that precipitate an attack How to minimize their risk of exposure

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Thank you