Personality 2009 Online

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Slide 1: 

Personality

Slide 2: 

Personality Defining Personality Personality: A person’s unique and relatively stable behavior patterns; the consistency of who you are, have been, and will become.

Slide 3: 

Personality Unconscious vs. Conscious Nature vs. Nurture Freedom vs. Determinism Stability across time vs. Modifiability Comparing Personality Theories

Slide 4: 

Personality Psychodynamic Perspectives Personality Theories Trait Theory Perspectives Behavioral Perspectives Humanistic Perspectives

Slide 5: 

Trait Theories Personality consists of broad dispositions called traits, that tend to characterize behaviors. Personality

Slide 6: 

Trait Theories

Slide 7: 

Personality Trait Theory IF you have a strong tendency to behave in a certain manner (e.g., outgoing), we assume you would score high on measures of this trait.

People you work with: A Trait Desciption of Animal Behavior : 

People you work with: A Trait Desciption of Animal Behavior

The happy employee : 

The happy employee

The greedy employee : 

The greedy employee

The Joker : 

The Joker

The Leader : 

The Leader

The Loud Mouth : 

The Loud Mouth

The Busy Body : 

The Busy Body

The Disgruntled Employee : 

The Disgruntled Employee

The Obsessive Employee : 

The Obsessive Employee

The Relaxed Employee : 

The Relaxed Employee

The Greedy Employee : 

The Greedy Employee

The Outgoing, New Guy : 

The Outgoing, New Guy

The Expert, Know-it-all : 

The Expert, Know-it-all

The Vigilant Supervisor : 

The Vigilant Supervisor

The Mole : 

The Mole

The Frustrated Employee : 

The Frustrated Employee

Slide 24: 

And Tadaaaa

Da BOSS !!!! : 

Da BOSS !!!!

Da Boss’ Wife : 

Da Boss’ Wife

The Boss’ Kid : 

The Boss’ Kid

Slide 28: 

Personality How Many Traits Do You Need to Describe Someone?

Slide 29: 

Cattell & Trait Assessment Source Traits: Underlying traits of a personality Cattell also created 16PF, personality test

Slide 30: 

Eysenck & Trait Assessment Hierarchy of Personality: Eysenck known for “Superfactors”

Slide 31: 

Costa & McCrae’s “Big 5” OCEAN

Slide 32: 

Personality Costa & McCrae’s “Big 5” Extraversion

Slide 33: 

Personality Costa & McCrae’s “Big 5” Neuroticism

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Personality Costa & McCrae’s “Big 5” Agreeableness

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Personality Costa & McCrae’s “Big 5” Conscientiousness

Slide 36: 

Personality Costa & McCrae’s “Big 5” Openness to Experience

Slide 37: 

Heritability of Traits

Slide 38: 

Assessing Personality Traits Observation Interviews Rating Scales Personality Inventories Projective Tests

Slide 40: 

Assessing Personality Traits This picture resembles an ambiguous stimulus that might be presented in the Rorschach Inkblot Test (this image is not actually used).

Slide 41: 

Assessing Personality Traits This picture resembles an ambiguous stimulus that might presented in the TAT (this one is not actually used)

Slide 42: 

Personality Freud’s Structure of the Mind and Personality

Slide 43: 

Personality Freud’s Structure of the Mind and Personality ID - instincts that operate on the pleasure principle.

Slide 44: 

Personality Freud’s Structure of the Mind and Personality EGO - responsible for resolving conflicts through the reality principle

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Personality Freud’s Structure of the Mind and Personality SUEPREGO - moralistic component of personality

Slide 47: 

Personality Freud’s View of Personality Development Personality devt. involves the interaction between a child’s wish fulfilling behaviors and the reaction from others, especially parents.

Slide 48: 

Personality Freud’s View of Personality Development 5 psychosexual stages Too much or too little gratification can lead to fixation and delays in the formation of a adult personality.

Slide 49: 

Freud’s View of Personality Development Oral Stage - Weening too early/late - passive, dependent, demanding. Anal Stage - Difficulties with toilet training: Anal explosive - Anal retentive Phallic Stage - Difficulties with masterbation in pre-school – self or other-centeredness.

Slide 50: 

Personality Freud’s View of Personality Development The EGO in an attempt to reduce the anxiety generated from such conflicts may: -problem solve the situation. -employ defense mechanisms

Slide 51: 

Some Common Defense Mechanisms

Slide 53: 

Some Common Defense Mechanisms Repression – preventing them from entering conscious awareness all together Goal – to deal with threatening thoughts & feelings by: Denial – denying them (and believing it).

Slide 54: 

Rationalization - intellectualizing, making excuses. Displacement - expression on a less threatening target. Goal – to deal with threatening thoughts & feelings by: Some Common Defense Mechanisms

Slide 55: 

Humanistic Theories of Personality A Phenomenological Approach - an emphasis that we behave in accordance with our interpretation of social reality.

Slide 56: 

Humanistic Theories of Personality A Holistic View of the Person - a person is a unified whole that is greater than the sum of its parts.

Slide 57: 

Humanistic Theories of Personality People are Self-Actualizing

Slide 58: 

Personality Rogers’s Self Theory of Personality Personality is the person’s sense of self which is a larger part of a person’s phenomenological world.

Slide 59: 

Personality Rogers’s Self Theory of Personality Personality development involves our sense of self (Self-image), our actual thoughts and behaviors (True Self), and our self-actualizing tendencies (Ideal Self).

Slide 60: 

Personality Rogers’s Self Theory of Personality

Slide 61: 

Behavioral Perspectives on Personality Personality

Slide 62: 

Personality Bandura’s Social Learning Theory

Slide 63: 

Personality Bandura’s Social Learning Theory Personality development, growth and change are influenced by 4 human cognitive processes

Slide 64: 

Personality Bandura’s Social Learning Theory Language Ability Observational Learning Purposeful Behavior Self-Analysis - self efficacy