logging in or signing up RO-05 POST OPERATIVE CARE AND ITS COMPLICATIONS randhawakiran23 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 192 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: July 27, 2011 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: dhiren2012 (9 month(s) ago) its realy good one please allow to dawnload Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript POST OPERATIVE CARE AND ITS COMPLICATIONS: POST OPERATIVE CARE AND ITS COMPLICATIONS KIRAN RANDHAWA ARMY COLLEGE OF NURSINGINTRODUCTION: INTRODUCTION NURSING CARE DURING POST OPERATIVE PHASE IS IMPORTANT FOR CLIENT RECOVERY.DUE TO ANAESTHESIA CLIENTS ABILITY TO RESPOND TO STIMULI IS IMPAIRED AND MAY HAVE COMPLICATIONS OF SURGERY.DEFINITON: DEFINITON POST OPERATIVE CARE IS THE CARE WHICH IS GIVEN TO THE PATIENT AFTER SURGERY TO PREVENT FURTHER COMPLICATIONSPOST ANAESTHESIA CARE UNIT: POST ANAESTHESIA CARE UNIT GOAL OF PACU IS TO ASSIST AN UNCOMPLICATEDRETURN TO SAME PHYSIOLOGIC FUNCTIONAFTER THE SURGERY BY PROVIDING KNOWLEDGE AND INDIVIDUALISED NSG CARE PROPER POSITIONING OF SEDATED PATIENTSlide 5: ANASTHETIST SHOULD GIVE THOROUGH REPORTTO PACU NURSE.THIS INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING: TYPE OF SURGERY PERFORMED AND INTRAOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS. TYPE OF ANAESTHESIA GIVEN.Slide 6: PRESENCE OF ET TUBE , AMOUNT OF O2 TO BE ADMINISTERED ETC. TYPE OF LINES AND ITS LOCATION. ANY DRUG ALLERGIES.EQUIPMENTS USED IN PACU: EQUIPMENTS USED IN PACU SPHYGMOMANOMETER STETHOSCOPE I.V SET SUCTION EQUIPMENT SUPPLIES TO SUPPORT RESPIRATION. EMERGENCY DRUGSSlide 8: NURSING PROCESSINITIAL NSG ASSESSMENT: INITIAL NSG ASSESSMENT CHECK THE PROPER FUNCTIONING OF ALL EQUIPMENTS BEFORE RECIVING THE PATIENT. RECIVE THE PATIENT AND GIVE PROPER POSITIONING. CHECK THE A B C I.E AIRWAY BREATHING CIRCULATIONNURSING DIAGNOSIS: NURSING DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY SYSTEM . INEFFECTIVE AIRWAY CLEARENCE RELATED TO EFFECT OF ANAESTHESIA IMPAIRED GASEOUS EXCHANGE RELATED TO VENTILATION PERFUSION IMBALANCE.MAINTAIN AIRWAY PATENCY: MAINTAIN AIRWAY PATENCY ALLOW THE PATIENT TO REMAIN IN PLACE UNTIL THE PATIENT IS UNDER THE EFFECT OF ANAESTHESIA.CONTD…: CONTD… MAINTAIN THE ADEQUATE RESPIRATORY FUNCTION PLACE THE PATIENT IN LATERAL POSITION WITH NECK EXPANDED ENCOURAGE THE PATIENT TO TAKE DEEP RESPIRATION. ADMINISTER HUMIDIFIED OXYGENEVALUATION: EVALUATION THE PATIENT TO BREATH EASILY AND LUNG SOUND ARE ALSO CLEAR TO AUSCULTATENURSING DIAGNOSIS: NURSING DIAGNOSIS CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. INEFFECTIVE TISSUE PERFUSIONRELATED TO HYPOTENSION. DECREASED CARDIAC OUTPUT RELATED TO HEMORRHAGENSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION TAKE THE VITALS AS THE CONDITION INDICATES. MAINTAIN INTAKE AND OUTPUT CHART REPORT IMMIDIATELY THE FALLING BP AND INCREASED HEART RATE. RECOGNIZE THE FACTORS THAT ALTERS THE CIRCULATING BLOOD VOLUME LIKE:CONTD…: CONTD… BLOOD LOSS DURING SURGERY. RREACTION TO ANAESTHESIA OR ANY OTHER MEDICATION. RECOGNIZE THE EARLY SIGNS OF SHOCK OR HEMORRHAGE. CCOOL EXTRIMITIES,DECREASED URINE OUT PUT,INCREASED HEART RATE AND LOW B.P. AADMINISTER I.V FLUIDS.EVALUATION: EVALUATION THE PATIENTS VITALS ARE WITH IN NORMAL LIMITS.NURSING DIAGNOSIS: NURSING DIAGNOSIS FLUID VOLUME RISK FOR FLUID VOLUME VOLUME DEFICIT RELATED TO BLOOD LOSS,FOOD AND FLUID DEPRIVATION AND VOMITINGNSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION ADMINISTER IV FLUIDS AS PRESCRIBED. MONITOR THE ELECTROLYTES. ASSESS THE SKIN FOR COLOR AND TEXTURE. RECOGNIZE THE SIGNS OF FLUID IMBALANCE. DEC B.P,URINE OUTPUT, DEC CVPCONTD…: CONTD… MAINTAIN THE INTAKE AND OUTPUT AND OBSERVE FOR BLADDER DISTENSION. CHECK THE SKIN AND SURROUNDING TISSUE NEAR THE SITE OF INTRCATH TO DETECT EARLY INFILTERATION.EVALUATION: EVALUATION THE PATIENTS INTAKE AND OUTPUT ARE EQUAL AND THERE IS NO SIGNS OF IMBALANCENURSING DIAGNOSIS: NURSING DIAGNOSIS COMFORT. ACUTE PAIN RELATED TO SURGICAL INCISION AND TISSUE TRAUMA.NSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION ASSESS THE PAIN BY OBSERVING THE BEHAVIORAL AND PHYSIOLOGIC MANIFESTATION. ADMINISTER THE ANALGESIC. POSITION THE PATIENT TO MAXIMIZE THE COMFORT.EVALUATION: EVALUATION THE PATIENTS PAIN IS IN CONTROL.NSG DIAGNOSIS: NSG DIAGNOSIS RISK FOR INJURY RELATED TO SENSORY DYSFUNCTION.NURSING INTERVENTION: NURSING INTERVENTION KEEP THE SIDE RAILS UP UNTILL THE PATIENT IS FULLY AWAKE. PROTECT THE EXTRIMITY INTO WHICH THE IV FLUIDS IS RUNNING. AVOID NERVE DAMAGE AND MUSCLE STRAIN BY PROPERLY SUPPORTING AND PADDING PRESSURE AREAS.CONTD…: CONTD… CHECK THE DRESSING FOR PUS AND BLEEDING. DETERMINE THE RETURN OF MOTOR CONTROL.EVALUATIONS: EVALUATIONS THE SIDE RAILS ARE UP, THE PATIENT IS POSITIONED CAREFULLY. THERE IS NO PUS OR ANY OTHER DISCHARGE FROM THE SURGICAL SITE.Slide 29: POST OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONSINTRODUCTION: INTRODUCTION POST OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS ARE INHERENT IN SURGICAL PROCEDURES.THEY MAY INTERFERE WITH THE EXPECTED OUTCOME OF THE SURGERY AND MAY EXTEND THE PATIENTS HOSPITALIZATION.DEFINITION: DEFINITION SHOCK . SHOCK IS A RESPONSE OF THE BODY TO A DECREASE IN CIRCULATING BLOOD VOLUMEPREVENTIVE MEASURES: PREVENTIVE MEASURES HAVE THE BLOOD READY IT MAY BE NEEDED. ACCURATELY MEASURE THE BLOOD LOSS AND MONITOR THE INTAKE AND OUTPUT. MONITOR THE VITALS UNTIL THEY ARE STABLE. PREVENT INFECTIONS TO MINIMIZE THE SEPTIC SHOCKHEMORRHAGE: HEMORRHAGE IT IS A COPIOUS ESCAPE OF BLOOD FROM BLOOD VESSELS. CLASSIFICATION OF HEMORRHAGE. PRIMARY INTERMEDIARY SECONDARYCLINICAL MANIFESTATION: CLINICAL MANIFESTATION RESTLESSNESS COOL AND MOIST SKIN DECREASED B.P INCREASED PULSE RATE INCREASED RESPIRATION DECREASED CARDIAC OUTPUTNSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION MONITOR THE VITAL SIGNS. ACCURATELY MONITOR THE THE BLOOD LOSS. HAVE THE BLOOD ALWAYS AVAILABLE INSPECT THE SURGICAL AREA FOR BLEEDING. INCREASE I.V FLUIDS.DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS: DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS DVT CAN OCCUR IN PELVIC VEINS.IT DEPENDS UPON THE COMPLEXITY OF THE SURGERY. IT IS COMMON IN HIP SURGERY, GENERAL THORACIC AND ABDOMINAL SURGERYCAUSES: CAUSES INJURY TO INTIMA. VENOUS STASIS. POLYCYTHEMIA. RISK FACTORS: OBESITY, ALCOHOL INTAKE , SMOKING ETC.NSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION HYDRATE THE PATIENT ADEQUATELY. ENCOURAGE LEG EXERCISES AND AMBULATE THE PATIENT. AVOID PROLONGED SITTING OR STANDING. INITIATE ANTICOAGULENT THERAPYCLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS: CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS DYSPNOEA. CHEST PAIN. CYANOSIS. TACHYCARDIA. DECREASED B.PPREVENTIVE MEASURES: PREVENTIVE MEASURES REPORT URTI. PROPER POSITIONING TO PREVENT REGURGITATION AND ASPIRATION ASPIRATE THE VOMITUS AND AVOID OVER SEDATION.NSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION DETECT EARLY S/S OF BREATHING DIFFICULTIES. ADMINISTER THE OXYGEN. ASSIST IN COUGHING TO BRING UP THE MUCUS SECRETIONSURINARY RETENTION: URINARY RETENTION CAUSES. SPASM OF BLADDER SPHINCTER.. URINARY TRACT INFECTION. ACUTE RENAL FAILURECLINICAL MANIFESTATION: CLINICAL MANIFESTATION INABILITY IN VOIDING. PASSING OF SMALL AMOUNT OF URINE . FREQUENT URINATION. LOWER ABDOMINAL DISCOMFORTNSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION PROVIDE PRIVACY. USE WARMTH TO RELAX SPHINCTER. ASSIST THE PATIENT IN VOIDING. CATHETERIZATION THE PATIENT IF ALL MEASURES FAILS.INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION: INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION BOWEL OBSTRUCTIONS RESULT IN IMPAIRMENT TO THE FORWARD FLOW OF INTESTINAL CONTENTSNSG INTREVENTION: NSG INTREVENTION MONITOR FOR ADEQUATELY BOWEL RETURN AFTER SURGERY. ASSESS BOWEL SOUNDS AND DEGREE OF ABDOMINAL DISTENSION. MONITOR FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.WOUND INFECTION: WOUND INFECTION IT IS INVASION OF MICRO ORGANISMS INTO THE WOUND WHICH CAN LEAD DELAYED WOUND HEALINGNSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION KEEP THE DRESSING INTACT. USE STRICT STERILE TECHNIQUE. MONITOR THE AMOUNT, TYPE AND LOCATION OF DRAINAGE. ANTIBIOTICS SHOULD BE PRESCRIBED. CULTURE SHOULD BE TAKEN AND SENT FOR ANALYSIS. WOUND IRRIGATION SHOULD BE DONEBIBLIOGRAPHY: BIBLIOGRAPHY SMELTZER, SUZANNE C. AL BRUNNER & SUDDHARTS TEXT BOOK OF MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING-I-10 th ED. USA: REVEN PUBLISHERS; 1996:PP: LIPPINCOTT. MANUAL OF NURSING PRACTICE. INDIA:JAYPEE BROTHERS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS; 2006:PP:CONTD…: CONTD… BLACK JOYCE M.MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING-7 th ED.2005:INDIA PVT. LTD;THOMSON PRESS;2005:PP: You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
RO-05 POST OPERATIVE CARE AND ITS COMPLICATIONS randhawakiran23 Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 192 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: July 27, 2011 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: dhiren2012 (9 month(s) ago) its realy good one please allow to dawnload Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript POST OPERATIVE CARE AND ITS COMPLICATIONS: POST OPERATIVE CARE AND ITS COMPLICATIONS KIRAN RANDHAWA ARMY COLLEGE OF NURSINGINTRODUCTION: INTRODUCTION NURSING CARE DURING POST OPERATIVE PHASE IS IMPORTANT FOR CLIENT RECOVERY.DUE TO ANAESTHESIA CLIENTS ABILITY TO RESPOND TO STIMULI IS IMPAIRED AND MAY HAVE COMPLICATIONS OF SURGERY.DEFINITON: DEFINITON POST OPERATIVE CARE IS THE CARE WHICH IS GIVEN TO THE PATIENT AFTER SURGERY TO PREVENT FURTHER COMPLICATIONSPOST ANAESTHESIA CARE UNIT: POST ANAESTHESIA CARE UNIT GOAL OF PACU IS TO ASSIST AN UNCOMPLICATEDRETURN TO SAME PHYSIOLOGIC FUNCTIONAFTER THE SURGERY BY PROVIDING KNOWLEDGE AND INDIVIDUALISED NSG CARE PROPER POSITIONING OF SEDATED PATIENTSlide 5: ANASTHETIST SHOULD GIVE THOROUGH REPORTTO PACU NURSE.THIS INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING: TYPE OF SURGERY PERFORMED AND INTRAOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS. TYPE OF ANAESTHESIA GIVEN.Slide 6: PRESENCE OF ET TUBE , AMOUNT OF O2 TO BE ADMINISTERED ETC. TYPE OF LINES AND ITS LOCATION. ANY DRUG ALLERGIES.EQUIPMENTS USED IN PACU: EQUIPMENTS USED IN PACU SPHYGMOMANOMETER STETHOSCOPE I.V SET SUCTION EQUIPMENT SUPPLIES TO SUPPORT RESPIRATION. EMERGENCY DRUGSSlide 8: NURSING PROCESSINITIAL NSG ASSESSMENT: INITIAL NSG ASSESSMENT CHECK THE PROPER FUNCTIONING OF ALL EQUIPMENTS BEFORE RECIVING THE PATIENT. RECIVE THE PATIENT AND GIVE PROPER POSITIONING. CHECK THE A B C I.E AIRWAY BREATHING CIRCULATIONNURSING DIAGNOSIS: NURSING DIAGNOSIS RESPIRATORY SYSTEM . INEFFECTIVE AIRWAY CLEARENCE RELATED TO EFFECT OF ANAESTHESIA IMPAIRED GASEOUS EXCHANGE RELATED TO VENTILATION PERFUSION IMBALANCE.MAINTAIN AIRWAY PATENCY: MAINTAIN AIRWAY PATENCY ALLOW THE PATIENT TO REMAIN IN PLACE UNTIL THE PATIENT IS UNDER THE EFFECT OF ANAESTHESIA.CONTD…: CONTD… MAINTAIN THE ADEQUATE RESPIRATORY FUNCTION PLACE THE PATIENT IN LATERAL POSITION WITH NECK EXPANDED ENCOURAGE THE PATIENT TO TAKE DEEP RESPIRATION. ADMINISTER HUMIDIFIED OXYGENEVALUATION: EVALUATION THE PATIENT TO BREATH EASILY AND LUNG SOUND ARE ALSO CLEAR TO AUSCULTATENURSING DIAGNOSIS: NURSING DIAGNOSIS CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. INEFFECTIVE TISSUE PERFUSIONRELATED TO HYPOTENSION. DECREASED CARDIAC OUTPUT RELATED TO HEMORRHAGENSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION TAKE THE VITALS AS THE CONDITION INDICATES. MAINTAIN INTAKE AND OUTPUT CHART REPORT IMMIDIATELY THE FALLING BP AND INCREASED HEART RATE. RECOGNIZE THE FACTORS THAT ALTERS THE CIRCULATING BLOOD VOLUME LIKE:CONTD…: CONTD… BLOOD LOSS DURING SURGERY. RREACTION TO ANAESTHESIA OR ANY OTHER MEDICATION. RECOGNIZE THE EARLY SIGNS OF SHOCK OR HEMORRHAGE. CCOOL EXTRIMITIES,DECREASED URINE OUT PUT,INCREASED HEART RATE AND LOW B.P. AADMINISTER I.V FLUIDS.EVALUATION: EVALUATION THE PATIENTS VITALS ARE WITH IN NORMAL LIMITS.NURSING DIAGNOSIS: NURSING DIAGNOSIS FLUID VOLUME RISK FOR FLUID VOLUME VOLUME DEFICIT RELATED TO BLOOD LOSS,FOOD AND FLUID DEPRIVATION AND VOMITINGNSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION ADMINISTER IV FLUIDS AS PRESCRIBED. MONITOR THE ELECTROLYTES. ASSESS THE SKIN FOR COLOR AND TEXTURE. RECOGNIZE THE SIGNS OF FLUID IMBALANCE. DEC B.P,URINE OUTPUT, DEC CVPCONTD…: CONTD… MAINTAIN THE INTAKE AND OUTPUT AND OBSERVE FOR BLADDER DISTENSION. CHECK THE SKIN AND SURROUNDING TISSUE NEAR THE SITE OF INTRCATH TO DETECT EARLY INFILTERATION.EVALUATION: EVALUATION THE PATIENTS INTAKE AND OUTPUT ARE EQUAL AND THERE IS NO SIGNS OF IMBALANCENURSING DIAGNOSIS: NURSING DIAGNOSIS COMFORT. ACUTE PAIN RELATED TO SURGICAL INCISION AND TISSUE TRAUMA.NSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION ASSESS THE PAIN BY OBSERVING THE BEHAVIORAL AND PHYSIOLOGIC MANIFESTATION. ADMINISTER THE ANALGESIC. POSITION THE PATIENT TO MAXIMIZE THE COMFORT.EVALUATION: EVALUATION THE PATIENTS PAIN IS IN CONTROL.NSG DIAGNOSIS: NSG DIAGNOSIS RISK FOR INJURY RELATED TO SENSORY DYSFUNCTION.NURSING INTERVENTION: NURSING INTERVENTION KEEP THE SIDE RAILS UP UNTILL THE PATIENT IS FULLY AWAKE. PROTECT THE EXTRIMITY INTO WHICH THE IV FLUIDS IS RUNNING. AVOID NERVE DAMAGE AND MUSCLE STRAIN BY PROPERLY SUPPORTING AND PADDING PRESSURE AREAS.CONTD…: CONTD… CHECK THE DRESSING FOR PUS AND BLEEDING. DETERMINE THE RETURN OF MOTOR CONTROL.EVALUATIONS: EVALUATIONS THE SIDE RAILS ARE UP, THE PATIENT IS POSITIONED CAREFULLY. THERE IS NO PUS OR ANY OTHER DISCHARGE FROM THE SURGICAL SITE.Slide 29: POST OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONSINTRODUCTION: INTRODUCTION POST OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS ARE INHERENT IN SURGICAL PROCEDURES.THEY MAY INTERFERE WITH THE EXPECTED OUTCOME OF THE SURGERY AND MAY EXTEND THE PATIENTS HOSPITALIZATION.DEFINITION: DEFINITION SHOCK . SHOCK IS A RESPONSE OF THE BODY TO A DECREASE IN CIRCULATING BLOOD VOLUMEPREVENTIVE MEASURES: PREVENTIVE MEASURES HAVE THE BLOOD READY IT MAY BE NEEDED. ACCURATELY MEASURE THE BLOOD LOSS AND MONITOR THE INTAKE AND OUTPUT. MONITOR THE VITALS UNTIL THEY ARE STABLE. PREVENT INFECTIONS TO MINIMIZE THE SEPTIC SHOCKHEMORRHAGE: HEMORRHAGE IT IS A COPIOUS ESCAPE OF BLOOD FROM BLOOD VESSELS. CLASSIFICATION OF HEMORRHAGE. PRIMARY INTERMEDIARY SECONDARYCLINICAL MANIFESTATION: CLINICAL MANIFESTATION RESTLESSNESS COOL AND MOIST SKIN DECREASED B.P INCREASED PULSE RATE INCREASED RESPIRATION DECREASED CARDIAC OUTPUTNSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION MONITOR THE VITAL SIGNS. ACCURATELY MONITOR THE THE BLOOD LOSS. HAVE THE BLOOD ALWAYS AVAILABLE INSPECT THE SURGICAL AREA FOR BLEEDING. INCREASE I.V FLUIDS.DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS: DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS DVT CAN OCCUR IN PELVIC VEINS.IT DEPENDS UPON THE COMPLEXITY OF THE SURGERY. IT IS COMMON IN HIP SURGERY, GENERAL THORACIC AND ABDOMINAL SURGERYCAUSES: CAUSES INJURY TO INTIMA. VENOUS STASIS. POLYCYTHEMIA. RISK FACTORS: OBESITY, ALCOHOL INTAKE , SMOKING ETC.NSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION HYDRATE THE PATIENT ADEQUATELY. ENCOURAGE LEG EXERCISES AND AMBULATE THE PATIENT. AVOID PROLONGED SITTING OR STANDING. INITIATE ANTICOAGULENT THERAPYCLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS: CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS DYSPNOEA. CHEST PAIN. CYANOSIS. TACHYCARDIA. DECREASED B.PPREVENTIVE MEASURES: PREVENTIVE MEASURES REPORT URTI. PROPER POSITIONING TO PREVENT REGURGITATION AND ASPIRATION ASPIRATE THE VOMITUS AND AVOID OVER SEDATION.NSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION DETECT EARLY S/S OF BREATHING DIFFICULTIES. ADMINISTER THE OXYGEN. ASSIST IN COUGHING TO BRING UP THE MUCUS SECRETIONSURINARY RETENTION: URINARY RETENTION CAUSES. SPASM OF BLADDER SPHINCTER.. URINARY TRACT INFECTION. ACUTE RENAL FAILURECLINICAL MANIFESTATION: CLINICAL MANIFESTATION INABILITY IN VOIDING. PASSING OF SMALL AMOUNT OF URINE . FREQUENT URINATION. LOWER ABDOMINAL DISCOMFORTNSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION PROVIDE PRIVACY. USE WARMTH TO RELAX SPHINCTER. ASSIST THE PATIENT IN VOIDING. CATHETERIZATION THE PATIENT IF ALL MEASURES FAILS.INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION: INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION BOWEL OBSTRUCTIONS RESULT IN IMPAIRMENT TO THE FORWARD FLOW OF INTESTINAL CONTENTSNSG INTREVENTION: NSG INTREVENTION MONITOR FOR ADEQUATELY BOWEL RETURN AFTER SURGERY. ASSESS BOWEL SOUNDS AND DEGREE OF ABDOMINAL DISTENSION. MONITOR FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.WOUND INFECTION: WOUND INFECTION IT IS INVASION OF MICRO ORGANISMS INTO THE WOUND WHICH CAN LEAD DELAYED WOUND HEALINGNSG INTERVENTION: NSG INTERVENTION KEEP THE DRESSING INTACT. USE STRICT STERILE TECHNIQUE. MONITOR THE AMOUNT, TYPE AND LOCATION OF DRAINAGE. ANTIBIOTICS SHOULD BE PRESCRIBED. CULTURE SHOULD BE TAKEN AND SENT FOR ANALYSIS. WOUND IRRIGATION SHOULD BE DONEBIBLIOGRAPHY: BIBLIOGRAPHY SMELTZER, SUZANNE C. AL BRUNNER & SUDDHARTS TEXT BOOK OF MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING-I-10 th ED. USA: REVEN PUBLISHERS; 1996:PP: LIPPINCOTT. MANUAL OF NURSING PRACTICE. INDIA:JAYPEE BROTHERS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS; 2006:PP:CONTD…: CONTD… BLACK JOYCE M.MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING-7 th ED.2005:INDIA PVT. LTD;THOMSON PRESS;2005:PP: