QDE Reviewer

QDE Reviewer: 

QDE Reviewer By MELCON S. LAPINA, MSCrim Review Lecturer PRC Syllabus Outline

Topic I: 

Topic I Know/discuss the relevance and role of questioned document examiners in crime detection

Q1 : 

Q1 A document examiner with a good collection of typewriting samples can often date a typewritten document by the difference in type. This is due to the fact that typewriters change in design every year the presence of differing n and m designs between 1936 and 1940 the presence of differing m and w designs between 1936 and 1940 typewriters changed between 1936 and 1940 answer

Q2: 

Q2 They claim to be capable of interpreting the character or personality of the writer by supposed traits left behind in the written line. a. forensic document examiners b. graphologists c. grapho -analysts d. both b and c answer

Q3 : 

Q3 A handwriting identification expert follows the same procedure as that of a criminalistic examiner in conducting questioned document examination. a. true b. false c. maybe true d. maybe false answer

Q4 : 

Q4 Qualified individuals spend up to _____ years in formal training before they are permitted to offer testimony in their forensic discipline. a. 10 years b. 5 years c. 2 years d. 15 years answer

Q5 : 

Q5 One of the following is not part of the duty of a questioned document examiner. Prepare photographic exhibits and other visual aids for court presentations and other training purposes Conduct research in new methodologies and techniques in the examination of questioned documents To deduce the character of the writer Prepare reports, correspondence and other required paperwork answer

Q6 : 

Q6 One of the main objectives in conducting questioned document examination is Identify accurately who the guilty party is Determine if a document is forged or not Determine authenticity of a document determine the kind of materials used in executing the document answer

Q7 : 

Q7 These forensic examiners apply scientific principles and methodologies to the examination and analysis of evidence. They may perform physical or chemical analyses on documents.. a. forensic document examiners b. graphologists c. grapho -analysts d. both b and c answer

Q8 : 

Q8 This class of QDE utilizes more equipment and training usually is limited to determining what equipment to use on a particular case and how to use these equipment a. criminalistic examination b. criminalistic identification c. handwriting examination d. handwriting identification answer

Q9: 

Q9 Due to lack of university degree programs in forensic document examination, Forensic Document Examiners must acquire their skills, competency, and experience through a degree in a related bachelor program police officer training courses on-the-job, apprentice-type training by accepted masters of the trade post-graduate studies on related fields answer

Q10 : 

Q10 One of the most difficult determinations which the attorney/investigator must make in the selection of an expert, is that expert's track record for correct opinions. This is due to the fact that he is not impartial in the correctness of his opinions opposing experts seldom give totally accurate evaluations of their competitors experts are often prone to bribery by parties in order to alter their exam results both a and b answer

Q11 : 

Q11 It is an international professional association dealing with questioned documents. American Academy of Forensic Sciences The Southern Association of Forensic Scientists International Association for Identification All of the above answer

Q12: 

Q12 Most crime laboratories require that new Questioned Document Examiner candidates possess a. post-graduate degree b. master’s thesis c. baccalaureate degree d. doctoral dissertation answer

Q13: 

Q13 Courts often encounter situations where graphologists conduct document analysis of their own, leaning upon past experience, such as it is, with handwriting analysis as a qualification for an unrelated examination. a. true b. false c. maybe true d. maybe false answer

Q14: 

Q14 The Questioned Document Examiner Trainee generally bases his expertise from formal schooling in accredited universities and colleges. a. true b. false c. maybe true d. maybe false answer

Q15: 

Q15 Questioned Document Examiners and graphologists both study handwriting samples to deduce the character of the writers. a. true b. false c. maybe true d. maybe false answer

Topic II: 

Topic II Know/apply the scientific methods of identifying and examining questionable documents that includes typewriting, computerized documents and other modern forms printing

Q16: 

Q16 One of them is not a point to consider in preparing typewriting standards Use the same wordings as in the questioned document if possible Dictate the text of the standard document to avoid memory recall Employ different degrees and speed of typing Utilize the same or similar quality of paper answer

Q17: 

Q17 The following are techniques utilized in typewriting identification, except a. measure the typeface b. verify the size and design c. check for indentations d. look for typeface defects answer

Q18: 

Q18 Documents maybe folded if it is too large. a. true b. false c. maybe true or false d. neither true nor false answer

Q19: 

Q19 Questioned Documents should be examined by the investigator immediately after he recovers them. a. true b. false c. maybe true or false d. neither true nor false answer

Q20: 

Q20 It is an effective method of detecting erasures because it can show shadows on the surface of the paper caused by disturbed paper fibers. a. direct lighting b. oblique lighting c. transmitted lighting d. x-ray lighting answer

Q21: 

Q21 Obliterations may be detected using this method using infrared photography so that the original writing lying beneath is revealed remove the obliterating material chemically or by some other means leaving the original writing untouched studying the impression from the original writing or typewriting that has not been destroyed by the obliterating action all of the above answer

Q22: 

Q22 In documents examination, it refers to the forger having trouble matching the paper, ink, or writing instrument to the exact date it was supposed to have been written. a. anachronism b. photography c. ink coagulation d. time distortion answer

Q23: 

Q23 An essential phase of handwriting identification that involves the recognition of properties and/or characteristics of the handwriting through observation, measurement, etc.. a. analysis b. comparison c. evaluation d. all of the above answer

Q24: 

Q24 The combination of these handwriting characteristics become the basis of identifying a set of handwritings and trace them to their owners. a. individual and class characteristics b. private and public characteristics c. physical and mental characteristics d. technical and material characteristics answer

Q25: 

Q25 It is the identifying of similarities and dissimilarities, determination of likelihood of occurrence, and weighing down of the significance of each factor. Analysis Comparison Evaluation d. All of the above answer

Q26: 

Q26 The determination of the fraudulent nature of a simple forgery becomes very elementary once the suspected forger is arrested the genuine signature of the person is obtained the carbon paper used is discovered the writing instrument used is recovered answer

Q27: 

Q27 Presence of carbon instead of ink is a telltale indication of this kind of forgery. a. simple forgery b. simulation with model c. spurious signatures d. traced forgery answer

Q28: 

Q28 It is a method of comparison in the microscope where the images of two specimen writings can be seen all at once one over the other. a. side by side comparison b. juxtaposition c. superimposition d. single image comparison answer

Q29: 

Q29 This typewriter defect is brought about by clogged typefaces, poor condition or worn-out or torn ribbon. a. transitory typeface defect b. permanent typeface defect c. vertical malalignment d. tilted/twisted characters answer

Q30: 

Q30 Two typewriting characteristics can be considered the result of one typewriter if there are glaring differences on all type characteristics there are evident defects on the typefaces there are traces of carbon on each typewritten document all type characteristics are identical on both documents answer

Q31: 

Q31 This class of QDE has more difficult procedures and requires long study and experience. a. criminalistic examination b. criminalistic identification c. handwriting examination d. handwriting identification answer

Q32: 

Q32 All of the following are positions used in examining documents under the forensic comparison microscope, except a . inverted position b. juxtaposition c. side by side position d. superimposition answer

Q33: 

Q33 . It is easy to detect a traced forgery of any form because it always looks a. original b. graceful c. robotic d. free flowing answer

Q34: 

Q34 One question that needs to be answered in the examination of typewritten and computerized documents is whether two or more documents are identical and were typed on the same machine? What kind of paper was used in the execution of the document? Whether two kinds of pen was used on the same document? Whether the signature is authentic or not? answer

Q35: 

Q35 The best special lighting that can be used in detecting obliterated or chemically erased writings is a. ultra-violet b. x-ray c. infrared d. sunlight answer

Q36: 

Q36 . It is very helpful particularly in presenting the facts of the document examination to a court or any investigative body or agency. a. chromatography b. photography c. cartography d. polygraphy answer

Q37: 

Q37 This process of UV photography consist of illuminating the subject with an ultraviolet lamp or any light source emitting UV radiations, while excluding all visible light in exposing energy. a. Fluorescent Method b. Incandescent Method c. Reflected Method d. Refracted Method answer

Q38: 

Q38 It is the branch of photography dealing with reproduction of copies of documents at a greatly reduced scale on small film sizes, often used in certain commercial records system. a. Macrophotography b. Microphotography c. Photomicrography d. Photomacrography answer

Q39: 

Q39 It is a standard of comparison taken from files reflecting a person’s daily routine activities. a. procured standard b. requested standard c. collected standard d. both a & c answer

Q40: 

Q40 It is imperative that the examiner dictate the contents of the writing he intends the subject to write because Dictation will help the subject focus more on his writing and will protect him from outside distractions Dictation will establish closer contact between the examiner and the subject that will improve cooperation between them. Copying the material will allow a guilty subject to recall how he executed the previous writings particularly the forged ones. Copying gives more stress to the writer as he will have to look at the notes while writing, thereby throwing him out of focus. answer

Q41: 

Q41 Usually by the time the investigator has received a questioned document as evidence, it may have already been handled and mishandled by several people who had prior custody to it. The investigator should not add any additional contamination of his own. He should place the document under a protective cover as soon as possible send the document to the crime lab via mail let the prior handler of the document be responsible in taking care of it put the document inside a duffle bag answer

Q42: 

Q42 It is a general principle that applies to the number of comparison standards that an examiner should be able to obtain. a. better late than never b. more is better than less c. first come, first served d. kill or be killed answer

Q43: 

Q43 It refers to the operating habit of the typist which is also a significant factor in determining typewritten documents. a. Typist hand b. operator’s habits c. touch of the operator d. habits of the operator answer

Q44: 

Q44 It is the objective of the periodic interruption of dictations when obtaining requested standards. a. disrupt the writer b. destroy the concentration c. break the momentum d. preserve the ink answer

Q45: 

Q45 As much as possible, the subject should be made comfortable when writing. This will prevent him from escaping from the custody of the examiner and the police getting too exhausted from the lengthy writing exercise distorting his writings, thereby unwittingly hiding his individual writing characteristics making any alibi of discomfort when his distorted writing is discovered and questioned answer

Q46: 

Q46 The best types of standard samples are those made by the a. witness b. police officer c. suspect d. victim answer

Q47: 

Q47 These are standards given or made at the request of an investigator for the sole purpose of making a comparative examination with the questioned writing.. a. procured standard requested standard c. collected standard d. both a & c answer

Q48: 

Q48 Collected standards must be those executed with dates contemporaneous with, or close to the date of the one questioned wherein the courts usually accept ___ years before or after the questioned writing. a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20 answer

Q49: 

Q49 They are used by the document examiner as the basis for his identification or non-identification of the documents. a. standards of comparison c. fraudulent document b. writing tool marks d. genuine document answer

Q50: 

Q50 An obvious, necessary change in a document often is not an evidence of fraud, but of genuineness is not an evidence of genuiness , but of fraud neither an evidence of fraud nor genuiness either an evidence of fraud or genuiness answer

Q51: 

Q51 Overwriting with a ball pen may not appear to be abnormal, but some evidence of erasing probably will remain. This can generally be detected by a. transmitted lighting b. direct lighting c. oblique lighting d. special lighting answer

Q52: 

Q52 It refers to the forger having trouble matching the paper, ink, or writing instrument to the exact date it was supposed to have been written. a. anachronism b. aromatism c. anarchism d. none of the above answer

Q53: 

Q53 A rare, though not unheard of, alteration of a document can be achieved by skillful cutting away of some portions and then inserting new material to fill the gap. a. interlineations b. cutting c. addition d. substitution answer

Q54: 

Q54 The following are signs that may indicate addition, except a. paper fiber disturbances b. lack of uniformity of ink c. crowding d. uneven margins answer

Q55: 

Q55 Insertion of an extra writing on a document after its original preparation. a. interlineations b. cutting c. addition d. substitution answer

Topic III: 

Topic III Analyze/familiarize with the different instruments used in document examination

Q56: 

Q56 A set of tools that can enlarge articles and writings for easier examination a. basic measuring tools b. Magnification c. Light Sources d. Photographic Equipment answer

Q57: 

Q57 Light source from behind a document; this is best provided by a light box that contains a fluorescent-type light bulb. a. x-ray b. transmitted light c. infrared d. ultraviolet answer

Q58: 

Q58 A microscope that helps determine whether fingerprints are underneath the ink in a piece of paper, or on top of it. a. electron microscope b. forensic comparison microscope c. stereoscopic microscope d. compound microscope answer

Q59: 

Q59 An electromagnetic wave of very short wavelength (between ultraviolet and gamma rays), able to pass through many materials opaque to light and are used to see through internal writings. a. x-ray b. transmitted light c. infrared d. ultraviolet answer

Q60: 

Q60 Is a piece of equipment commonly used to reveal indented impressions on paper which may go unnoticed. It is a non-destructive technique (it does not damage the evidence in question) thus allowing further tests to be carried out. a. Meiji Trinocular Stereo-Microscope b. FX8B Forensic Optical Comparator c. Electro-Static Detection Apparatus d Foster & Freeman VSC 4 answer

Q61: 

Q61 It is a type of microscope where two documents can be viewed side-by-side and the images positioned so that they appear to overlay each other. a. electron microscope b. forensic comparison microscope c. stereoscopic microscope d. compound microscope answer

Q62: 

Q62 These are used for fine measurements and various glass alignment plates allow comparison and measurement of angles, height, width, and spacing of handwriting. a. basic measuring tools b. Magnification c. Light Sources d. Photographic Equipment answer

Q63: 

Q63 A photographic court exhibit designed to be held and examined by the individual juror or a pair of jurors, or the judge. a. hand exhibit b. blown-up exhibit c. cut-out exhibit d. photographic exhibit answer

Q64: 

Q64 A magnifier eyepiece containing an engraved measurement scale which allows to precisely measure what is viewed under the microscope a. Comparison Microscope b. electron microscope c. Handheld magnifiers d. Reticle answer

Q65: 

Q65 Most examinations are done at this rate of magnification. a. 10x – 50x c. 400x – 800x b. 100x – 200x d. 700x – 1000x answer

Q66: 

Q66 A type of microscope used for examination of documents where the trinocular attachment enables photographs to be taken of whatever is viewed through the microscope a . Meiji Trinocular Stereo-Microscope b. FX8B Forensic Optical Comparator c. Electro-Static Detection Apparatus d Foster & Freeman VSC 4 answer

Q67: 

Q67 Refer to the fine markings which are often seen to cover the surface of the paper when examined by transmitted light. a. wire mark b. watermark c. mesh mark d. line mark answer

Q68: 

Q68 The designs or lettering impressed into the paper while it is being made, either by means of projecting wire on the mould, or designed into the dandy roll a . wire mark b. watermark c. mesh mark d. line mark answer

Q69: 

Q69 A type of paper with parallel wire marks a. wove paper b. special paper c. classified paper d. laid paper answer

Q70: 

Q70 This security mark is essentially a three dimensional drawing or photograph a. Color Shifting Ink b. Security Thread c. Holograms d. Micro-printing answer

Q71: 

Q71 A thin ribbon of plastic or metal may not seem like much, but when it’s embedded or woven through currency it can be a huge deterrence to counterfeiting a. Color Shifting Ink b. Security Thread c. Holograms d. Micro-printing answer

Q72: 

Q72 An advance technology feature added to help software detect the presence of a banknote in a digital image. Such software can then block the user from reproducing banknotes to prevent counterfeiting using color photocopiers . a. Stellar Constellation b. Big Dipper c. Small Dipper d. EURion Constellation answer

Q73: 

Q73 The designs or lettering impressed into the paper while it is being made, either by means of projecting wire on the mould, or designed into the dandy roll a. wire mark b. watermark c. mesh mark d. line mark answer

Q74: 

Q74 A digital watermark used by color laser printers to add hidden encoded information to printouts a. Printer steganography b. Omron rings c. Coded anti-piracy d. Eurion constellation answer

Q75: 

Q75 A distinct mark on Philippine peso bills composed of a wide glistening gold vertical stripe with the numerical value printed in series common on the improved versions of 100-, 500-, and 1000-peso bills a. Security Fibers b. Iridescent Band c. Portrait d. Windowed Security Thread answer

Topic IV: 

Topic IV Explain the fact of forgeries, counterfeiting and falsification of documents including those involves public interest

Q76: 

Q76 To be able to forge successfully, one must be able to do the following, except: Detect the significant characteristics of writing of another Read and predict the state of mind of another Have the muscular skill necessary to produce the writing skill of another Eliminate his own writing characteristics answer

Q77: 

Q77 In committing simple forgery, the forger who is confronted with the absence of a genuine specimen will merely Have a photocopy of the other person’s signature Use a carbon paper to trace the other person’s signature Sign the other person’s name in his own handwriting Copy the genuine signature with all its general characteristics answer

Q78: 

Q78 The detection of a simple forgery becomes very elementary once Standards of the genuine signature are obtained Sophisticated signature detecting devices are put in place The forger confesses to the act The forger is caught in the act of committing the simple forgery answer

Q79: 

Q79 Signature tracing is considered as the poorest form of forgery because of the fact that it is done in a very simple manner it contains the basic elements of writing it is accomplished in a manner foreign to the writing process it uses materials that are easily detected answer

Q80: 

Q80 Traced forgery is resorted to by a forger who has basic knowledge of the original appearance of the signature sought to be forged has the right skill to adopt the handwriting habits of the author whose signature is sought to be forged lacks the skill required in a free-hand imitation all of the above answer

Q81: 

Q81 The original document is placed over the false one in the same manner as with carbon process. Instead of carbon however, the tracing is done with considerable pressure so that the indentation on the original document will transmit to the false one under it and is later traced using a pen or pencil a. carbon process b. indentation process c. carbon outline method d. transmitted light process answer

Q82: 

Q82 It is an indication of forgery a. non-continuous strokes b. freedom of writing c. flying start d. vanishing finish answer

Q83: 

Q83 The so-called “blind writing machine” was invented in 1868 by three American inventors. It was called as such because of its design. In order to see what had been written, it was necessary to peep behind the platen In order to see what had been written, the platen is detached It is a machine used primarily by blind people In order to see what had been written, it was necessary to lift the platen answer

Q84: 

Q84 Horizontal mal-alignment is an alignment defect where The character prints to the right or left of its proper position A character printing above or below its proper position The typeface prints heavier on one side that the other Characters lean to the right or left of their correct slant answer

Q85: 

Q85 A tilting or twisting happens When a character prints a double impression with the lighter one slightly offset to the left or right When characters lean to the right or left of their correct slant When dirty impressions clog typefaces, or ribbons wear out When characters print above or below its proper position answer

Q86: 

Q86 It is a kind of typewriter where ten characters can occupy an inch of paper space. a. mica b. lica c. bica d. pica answer

Q87: 

Q87 Broken typefaces, worn-off series, cuts on shanks, and deformed typeface characters are examples of a. permanent defects b. transitory defects c. vertical malalignment d. horizontal malalignment answer

Q88: 

Q88 They compose one of the mechanical classes of documents a. handwritings b. typewritings c. letter writings d. computer encodings answer

Q89: 

Q89 A piece of paper money that constitute a central bank’s promissory note. a. traveler’s check b. bank note c. passport d. identification card answer

Q90: 

Q90 It is a document about which some issue has been raised or is under scrutiny. a. questioned document b. executed document c. disputed document d. suspected document answer

Q91: 

Q91 A document that is written entirely in the handwriting of the author. a. hologram b. stationery c. telegraph d. holograph answer

Q92: 

Q92 a photographic exhibit made up of words and letters cut from photographs of different documents and arranged side by side. Often referred to as juxtaposition photographs. a. hand exhibit b. photographic exhibit c. blown-up exhibit d. cut-out exhibit answer

Q93: 

Q93 A reproduction of a document made on paper by any office or commercial system. a. Photostat b. Photocopy Xerox d. Photograph answer

Q94: 

Q94 Although it is a trade name, its success in photo-printing has resulted to many people referring it incorrectly to all present-day photocopying. a. Photostat b. Photocopy c. Xerox d. photograph answer

Q95: 

Q95 It is a commercial reproduction in which a negative copy, while writing on a black background, is made directly on photosensitive paper, but has become obsolete and has been replaced by various dry photocopying methods. a. Photostat b. Photocopy c. Xerox d. Photograph answer

Q96: 

Q96 They are the heaviest and most durable type of papers. a. groundwood papers b. newsprints c. paperboards d. absorbent papers answer

Q97: 

Q97 A pen that has four basic parts, namely: barrel, point, feed bar, and cap. a. quill pen b. steel pen nibs c. ballpen d. none of the above answer

Q98: 

Q98 This is the very first kind of ink used in executing documents. a. iron gall b. carbon c. sympathetic ink d. stamp pad ink answer

Q99: 

Q99 Are condensed and compact set of authentic specimens which, if adequate and proper, should contain a true cross-section of the material from a known source. a. standards of comparison b. class characteristics c. handwriting characteristics d. signatures answer

Q100: 

Q100 An error committed by the forger in which he has trouble matching the paper, ink, or writing instrument to the exact date it was supposed to have been written a. insertion b. anachronism c. aberration d. subtraction answer

Q1 : 

Q1 A document examiner with a good collection of typewriting samples can often date a typewritten document by the difference in type. This is due to the fact that typewriters change in design every year the presence of differing n and m designs between 1936 and 1940 the presence of differing m and w designs between 1936 and 1940 typewriters changed between 1936 and 1940 next

Q2: 

Q2 They claim to be capable of interpreting the character or personality of the writer by supposed traits left behind in the written line. a. forensic document examiners b. graphologists c. grapho -analysts d. both b and c next

Q3 : 

Q3 A handwriting identification expert follows the same procedure as that of a criminalistic examiner in conducting questioned document examination. a. true b. false c. maybe true d. maybe false next

Q4 : 

Q4 Qualified individuals spend up to _____ years in formal training before they are permitted to offer testimony in their forensic discipline. a. 10 years b. 5 years c. 2 years d. 15 years next

Q5 : 

Q5 One of the following is not part of the duty of a questioned document examiner. Prepare photographic exhibits and other visual aids for court presentations and other training purposes Conduct research in new methodologies and techniques in the examination of questioned documents To deduce the character of the writer Prepare reports, correspondence and other required paperwork next

Q6 : 

Q6 One of the main objectives in conducting questioned document examination is Identify accurately who the guilty party is Determine if a document is forged or not Determine authenticity of a document determine the kind of materials used in executing the document next

Q7 : 

Q7 These forensic examiners apply scientific principles and methodologies to the examination and analysis of evidence. They may perform physical or chemical analyses on documents.. a. forensic document examiners b. graphologists c. grapho -analysts d. both b and c next

Q8 : 

Q8 This class of QDE utilizes more equipment and training usually is limited to determining what equipment to use on a particular case and how to use these equipment a. criminalistic examination b. criminalistic identification c. handwriting examination d. handwriting identification next

Q9: 

Q9 Due to lack of university degree programs in forensic document examination, Forensic Document Examiners must acquire their skills, competency, and experience through a degree in a related bachelor program police officer training courses on-the-job, apprentice-type training by accepted masters of the trade post-graduate studies on related fields next

Q10 : 

Q10 One of the most difficult determinations which the attorney/investigator must make in the selection of an expert, is that expert's track record for correct opinions. This is due to the fact that he is not impartial in the correctness of his opinions opposing experts seldom give totally accurate evaluations of their competitors experts are often prone to bribery by parties in order to alter their exam results both a and b next

Q11 : 

Q11 It is an international professional association dealing with questioned documents. American Academy of Forensic Sciences The Southern Association of Forensic Scientists International Association for Identification All of the above next

Q12: 

Q12 Most crime laboratories require that new Questioned Document Examiner candidates possess a. post-graduate degree b. master’s thesis c. baccalaureate degree d. doctoral dissertation next

Q13: 

Q13 Courts often encounter situations where graphologists conduct document analysis of their own, leaning upon past experience, such as it is, with handwriting analysis as a qualification for an unrelated examination. a. true b. false c. maybe true d. maybe false next

Q14: 

Q14 The Questioned Document Examiner Trainee generally bases his expertise from formal schooling in accredited universities and colleges. a. true b. false c. maybe true d. maybe false next

Q15: 

Q15 Questioned Document Examiners and graphologists both study handwriting samples to deduce the character of the writers. a. true b. false c. maybe true d. maybe false next

Q16: 

Q16 One of them is not a point to consider in preparing typewriting standards Use the same wordings as in the questioned document if possible Dictate the text of the standard document to avoid memory recall Employ different degrees and speed of typing Utilize the same or similar quality of paper next

Q17: 

Q17 The following are techniques utilized in typewriting identification, except a. measure the typeface b. verify the size and design c. check for indentations d. look for typeface defects next

Q18: 

Q18 Documents maybe folded if it is too large. a. true b. false c. maybe true or false d. neither true nor false next

Q19: 

Q19 Questioned Documents should be examined by the investigator immediately after he recovers them. a. true b. false c. maybe true or false d. neither true nor false next

Q20: 

Q20 It is an effective method of detecting erasures because it can show shadows on the surface of the paper caused by disturbed paper fibers. a. direct lighting b. oblique lighting c. transmitted lighting d. x-ray lighting next

Q21: 

Q21 Obliterations may be detected using this method using infrared photography so that the original writing lying beneath is revealed remove the obliterating material chemically or by some other means leaving the original writing untouched studying the impression from the original writing or typewriting that has not been destroyed by the obliterating action all of the above next

Q22: 

Q22 In documents examination, it refers to the forger having trouble matching the paper, ink, or writing instrument to the exact date it was supposed to have been written. a. anachronism b. photography c. ink coagulation d. time distortion next

Q23: 

Q23 An essential phase of handwriting identification that involves the recognition of properties and/or characteristics of the handwriting through observation, measurement, etc.. a. analysis b. comparison c. evaluation d. all of the above next

Q24: 

Q24 The combination of these handwriting characteristics become the basis of identifying a set of handwritings and trace them to their owners. a. individual and class characteristics b. private and public characteristics c. physical and mental characteristics d. technical and material characteristics next

Q25: 

Q25 It is the identifying of similarities and dissimilarities, determination of likelihood of occurrence, and weighing down of the significance of each factor. Analysis Evaluation Comparison d. All of the above next

Q26: 

Q26 The determination of the fraudulent nature of a simple forgery becomes very elementary once the suspected forger is arrested the carbon paper used is discovered the genuine signature of the person is obtained the writing instrument used is recovered next

Q27: 

Q27 Presence of carbon instead of ink is a telltale indication of this kind of forgery. a. simple forgery b. simulation with model c. spurious signatures d. traced forgery next

Q28: 

Q28 It is a method of comparison in the microscope where the images of two specimen writings can be seen all at once one over the other. a. side by side comparison b. juxtaposition c. superimposition d. single image comparison next

Q29: 

Q29 This typewriter defect is brought about by clogged typefaces, poor condition or worn-out or torn ribbon. a. transitory typeface defect b. permanent typeface defect c. vertical malalignment d. tilted/twisted characters next

Q30: 

Q30 Two typewriting characteristics can be considered the result of one typewriter if there are glaring differences on all type characteristics there are evident defects on the typefaces there are traces of carbon on each typewritten document all type characteristics are identical on both documents next

Q31: 

Q31 This class of QDE has more difficult procedures and requires long study and experience. a. criminalistic examination b. criminalistic identification c. handwriting examination d. handwriting identification next

Q32: 

Q32 All of the following are positions used in examining documents under the forensic comparison microscope, except a. inverted position b. juxtaposition c. side by side position d. superimposition next

Q33: 

Q33 . It is easy to detect a traced forgery of any form because it always looks a. original b. graceful c. robotic d. free flowing next

Q34: 

Q34 One question that needs to be answered in the examination of typewritten and computerized documents is whether two or more documents are identical and were typed on the same machine? What kind of paper was used in the execution of the document? Whether two kinds of pen was used on the same document? Whether the signature is authentic or not? next

Q35: 

Q35 The best special lighting that can be used in detecting obliterated or chemically erased writings is a. ultra-violet b. x-ray c. infrared d. sunlight next

Q36: 

Q36 . It is very helpful particularly in presenting the facts of the document examination to a court or any investigative body or agency. a. chromatography b. photography c. cartography d. polygraphy next

Q37: 

Q37 This process of UV photography consist of illuminating the subject with an ultraviolet lamp or any light source emitting UV radiations, while excluding all visible light in exposing energy. a. Fluorescent Method b. Incandescent Method c. Reflected Method d. Refracted Method next

Q38: 

Q38 It is the branch of photography dealing with reproduction of copies of documents at a greatly reduced scale on small film sizes, often used in certain commercial records system. a. Macrophotography b. Microphotography c. Photomicrography d. Photomacrography next

Q39: 

Q39 It is a standard of comparison taken from files reflecting a person’s daily routine activities. a. procured standard b. requested standard c. collected standard d. both a & c next

Q40: 

Q40 It is imperative that the examiner dictate the contents of the writing he intends the subject to write because Dictation will help the subject focus more on his writing and will protect him from outside distractions Dictation will establish closer contact between the examiner and the subject that will improve cooperation between them. Copying the material will allow a guilty subject to recall how he executed the previous writings particularly the forged ones. Copying gives more stress to the writer as he will have to look at the notes while writing, thereby throwing him out of focus. next

Q41: 

Q41 Usually by the time the investigator has received a questioned document as evidence, it may have already been handled and mishandled by several people who had prior custody to it. The investigator should not add any additional contamination of his own. He should place the document under a protective cover as soon as possible send the document to the crime lab via mail let the prior handler of the document be responsible in taking care of it put the document inside a duffle bag next

Q42: 

Q42 It is a general principle that applies to the number of comparison standards that an examiner should be able to obtain. a. better late than never b. more is better than less c. first come, first served d. kill or be killed next

Q43: 

Q43 It refers to the operating habit of the typist which is also a significant factor in determining typewritten documents. a. Typist hand b. operator’s habits c. touch of the operator d. habits of the operator next

Q44: 

Q44 It is the objective of the periodic interruption of dictations when obtaining requested standards. a. disrupt the writer b. destroy the concentration c. break the momentum d. preserve the ink next

Q45: 

Q45 As much as possible, the subject should be made comfortable when writing. This will prevent him from escaping from the custody of the examiner and the police getting too exhausted from the lengthy writing exercise distorting his writings, thereby unwittingly hiding his individual writing characteristics making any alibi of discomfort when his distorted writing is discovered and questioned next

Q46: 

Q46 The best types of standard samples are those made by the a. witness b. police officer c. suspect d. victim next

Q47: 

Q47 These are standards given or made at the request of an investigator for the sole purpose of making a comparative examination with the questioned writing.. a. procured standard b. requested standard c. collected standard d. both a & c next

Q48: 

Q48 Collected standards must be those executed with dates contemporaneous with, or close to the date of the one questioned wherein the courts usually accept ___ years before or after the questioned writing. a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20 next

Q49: 

Q49 They are used by the document examiner as the basis for his identification or non-identification of the documents. a. standards of comparison c. fraudulent document b. writing tool marks d. genuine document next

Q50: 

Q50 An obvious, necessary change in a document often is not an evidence of fraud, but of genuineness is not an evidence of genuiness , but of fraud neither an evidence of fraud nor genuiness either an evidence of fraud or genuiness next

Q51: 

Q51 Overwriting with a ball pen may not appear to be abnormal, but some evidence of erasing probably will remain. This can generally be detected by a. transmitted lighting b. direct lighting c. oblique lighting d. special lighting next

Q52: 

Q52 It refers to the forger having trouble matching the paper, ink, or writing instrument to the exact date it was supposed to have been written. a. anachronism b. aromatism c. anarchism d. none of the above next

Q53: 

Q53 A rare, though not unheard of, alteration of a document can be achieved by skillful cutting away of some portions and then inserting new material to fill the gap. a. interlineations b. cutting c. addition d. substitution next

Q54: 

Q54 The following are signs that may indicate addition, except a. paper fiber disturbances b. lack of uniformity of ink c. crowding d. uneven margins next

Q55: 

Q55 Insertion of an extra writing on a document after its original preparation. a. interlineations b. cutting c. addition d. substitution next

Q56: 

Q56 A set of tools that can enlarge articles and writings for easier examination a. basic measuring tools b. Magnification c. Light Sources d. Photographic Equipment next

Q57: 

Q57 Light source from behind a document; this is best provided by a light box that contains a fluorescent-type light bulb. a. x-ray b. transmitted light c. infrared d. ultraviolet next

Q58: 

Q58 A microscope that helps determine whether fingerprints are underneath the ink in a piece of paper, or on top of it. a. electron microscope b. forensic comparison microscope c. stereoscopic microscope d. compound microscope next

Q59: 

Q59 An electromagnetic wave of very short wavelength (between ultraviolet and gamma rays), able to pass through many materials opaque to light and are used to see through internal writings. a. x-ray b. transmitted light c. infrared d. ultraviolet next

Q60: 

Q60 Is a piece of equipment commonly used to reveal indented impressions on paper which may go unnoticed. It is a non-destructive technique (it does not damage the evidence in question) thus allowing further tests to be carried out. a. Meiji Trinocular Stereo-Microscope b. FX8B Forensic Optical Comparator c. Electro-Static Detection Apparatus d. Foster & Freeman VSC 4 next

Q61: 

Q61 It is a type of microscope where two documents can be viewed side-by-side and the images positioned so that they appear to overlay each other. a. electron microscope b. forensic comparison microscope c. stereoscopic microscope d. compound microscope next

Q62: 

Q62 These are used for fine measurements and various glass alignment plates allow comparison and measurement of angles, height, width, and spacing of handwriting. a. basic measuring tools b. Magnification c. Light Sources d. Photographic Equipment next

Q63: 

Q63 A photographic court exhibit designed to be held and examined by the individual juror or a pair of jurors, or the judge. a. hand exhibit b. blown-up exhibit c. cut-out exhibit d. photographic exhibit next

Q64: 

Q64 A magnifier eyepiece containing an engraved measurement scale which allows to precisely measure what is viewed under the microscope a. Comparison Microscope b. electron microscope c. Handheld magnifiers d. Reticle next

Q65: 

Q65 Most examinations are done at this rate of magnification. a. 10x – 50x c. 400x – 800x b. 100x – 200x d. 700x – 1000x next

Q66: 

Q66 A type of microscope used for examination of documents where the trinocular attachment enables photographs to be taken of whatever is viewed through the microscope a. Meiji Trinocular Stereo-Microscope b. FX8B Forensic Optical Comparator c. Electro-Static Detection Apparatus d Foster & Freeman VSC 4 next

Q67: 

Q67 Refer to the fine markings which are often seen to cover the surface of the paper when examined by transmitted light. a. wire mark b. watermark c. mesh mark d. line mark next

Q68: 

Q68 The designs or lettering impressed into the paper while it is being made, either by means of projecting wire on the mould, or designed into the dandy roll a . wire mark b. watermark c. mesh mark d. line mark next

Q69: 

Q69 A type of paper with parallel wire marks a. wove paper b. special paper c. classified paper d. laid paper next

Q70: 

Q70 This security mark is essentially a three dimensional drawing or photograph a. Color Shifting Ink b. Security Thread c. Holograms d. Micro-printing next

Q71: 

Q71 A thin ribbon of plastic or metal may not seem like much, but when it’s embedded or woven through currency it can be a huge deterrence to counterfeiting a. Color Shifting Ink b. Security Thread c. Holograms d. Micro-printing next

Q72: 

Q72 An advance technology feature added to help software detect the presence of a banknote in a digital image. Such software can then block the user from reproducing banknotes to prevent counterfeiting using color photocopiers . a. Stellar Constellation b. Big Dipper c. Small Dipper d. EURion Constellation next

Q73: 

Q73 The designs or lettering impressed into the paper while it is being made, either by means of projecting wire on the mould, or designed into the dandy roll a. wire mark b. watermark c. mesh mark d. line mark next

Q74: 

Q74 A digital watermark used by color laser printers to add hidden encoded information to printouts a. Printer steganography b. Omron rings c. Coded anti-piracy d. Eurion constellation next

Q75: 

Q75 A distinct mark on Philippine peso bills composed of a wide glistening gold vertical stripe with the numerical value printed in series common on the improved versions of 100-, 500-, and 1000-peso bills a. Security Fibers b. Iridescent Band c. Portrait d. Windowed Security Thread next

Q76: 

Q76 To be able to forge successfully, one must be able to do the following, except: Detect the significant characteristics of writing of another Read and predict the state of mind of another Have the muscular skill necessary to produce the writing skill of another Eliminate his own writing characteristics next

Q77: 

Q77 In committing simple forgery, the forger who is confronted with the absence of a genuine specimen will merely Have a photocopy of the other person’s signature Use a carbon paper to trace the other person’s signature Sign the other person’s name in his own handwriting Copy the genuine signature with all its general characteristics next

Q78: 

Q78 The detection of a simple forgery becomes very elementary once Standards of the genuine signature are obtained Sophisticated signature detecting devices are put in place The forger confesses to the act The forger is caught in the act of committing the simple forgery next

Q79: 

Q79 Signature tracing is considered as the poorest form of forgery because of the fact that it is done in a very simple manner it contains the basic elements of writing it is accomplished in a manner foreign to the writing process it uses materials that are easily detected next

Q80: 

Q80 Traced forgery is resorted to by a forger who has basic knowledge of the original appearance of the signature sought to be forged has the right skill to adopt the handwriting habits of the author whose signature is sought to be forged lacks the skill required in a free-hand imitation all of the above next

Q81: 

Q81 The original document is placed over the false one in the same manner as with carbon process. Instead of carbon however, the tracing is done with considerable pressure so that the indentation on the original document will transmit to the false one under it and is later traced using a pen or pencil a. carbon process b. indentation process c. carbon outline method d. transmitted light process next

Q82: 

Q82 It is an indication of forgery a. non-continuous strokes b. freedom of writing c. flying start d. vanishing finish next

Q83: 

Q83 The so-called “blind writing machine” was invented in 1868 by three American inventors. It was called as such because of its design. In order to see what had been written, it was necessary to peep behind the platen In order to see what had been written, the platen is detached It is a machine used primarily by blind people In order to see what had been written, it was necessary to lift the platen next

Q84: 

Q84 Horizontal mal-alignment is an alignment defect where The character prints to the right or left of its proper position A character printing above or below its proper position The typeface prints heavier on one side that the other Characters lean to the right or left of their correct slant next

Q85: 

Q85 A tilting or twisting happens When a character prints a double impression with the lighter one slightly offset to the left or right When characters lean to the right or left of their correct slant When dirty impressions clog typefaces, or ribbons wear out When characters print above or below its proper position next

Q86: 

Q86 It is a kind of typewriter where ten characters can occupy an inch of paper space. a. mica b. lica c. bica d. pica next

Q87: 

Q87 Broken typefaces, worn-off series, cuts on shanks, and deformed typeface characters are examples of a. permanent defects b. transitory defects c. vertical malalignment d. horizontal malalignment next

Q88: 

Q88 They compose one of the mechanical classes of documents a. handwritings b. typewritings c. letter writings d. computer encodings next

Q89: 

Q89 A piece of paper money that constitute a central bank’s promissory note. a. traveler’s check b. bank note c. passport d. identification card next

Q90: 

Q90 It is a document about which some issue has been raised or is under scrutiny. a. questioned document b. executed document c. disputed document d. suspected document next

Q91: 

Q91 A document that is written entirely in the handwriting of the author. a. hologram b. stationery c. telegraph d. holograph next

Q92: 

Q92 a photographic exhibit made up of words and letters cut from photographs of different documents and arranged side by side. Often referred to as juxtaposition photographs. a. hand exhibit b. photographic exhibit c. blown-up exhibit d. cut-out exhibit next

Q93: 

Q93 A reproduction of a document made on paper by any office or commercial system. a. Photostat b. Photocopy Xerox d. Photograph next

Q94: 

Q94 Although it is a trade name, its success in photo-printing has resulted to many people referring it incorrectly to all present-day photocopying. a. Photostat b. Photocopy c. Xerox d. Photograph next

Q95: 

Q95 it is a commercial reproduction in which a negative copy, while writing on a black background, is made directly on photosensitive paper, but has become obsolete and has been replaced by various dry photocopying methods. a. Photostat b. Photocopy c. Xerox d. Photograph next

Q96: 

Q96 They are the heaviest and most durable type of papers. a. groundwood papers b. newsprints c. paperboards d. absorbent papers next

Q97: 

Q97 A pen that has four basic parts, namely: barrel, point, feed bar, and cap. a. quill pen b. steel pen nibs c. ballpen d. none of the above next

Q98: 

Q98 This is the very first kind of ink used in executing documents. a. iron gall b. carbon c. sympathetic ink d. stamp pad ink next

Q99: 

Q99 Are condensed and compact set of authentic specimens which, if adequate and proper, should contain a true cross-section of the material from a known source. a. standards of comparison b. class characteristics c. handwriting characteristics d. signatures next

Q100: 

Q100 An error committed by the forger in which he has trouble matching the paper, ink, or writing instrument to the exact date it was supposed to have been written a. insertion b. anachronism c. aberration d. subtraction Additional Questions