logging in or signing up presentation skills rajivbajaj Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 455 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (3) Dislike it (1) Added: January 30, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 4 Presentation Description This presentation is based on excerpts from the book "Improve Your Communication Skills" by Alan Barker and "Basic Training for Trainers" by Gary Kroehnert. Comments Posting comment... By: aarti.takawane (6 month(s) ago) Hi sir, could you please send me a copy of this at simran_a45@hotmail.com? Thanks Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: zoobich (7 month(s) ago) Sir I lIke iT most... SeNd mE aT zoobi.ch@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: rikram (24 month(s) ago) can i have it please, rizwanikram@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: kabang (26 month(s) ago) Hi Rajiv Please can you share your presentation with me. my address is ndlzam003@yahoo.com. Many thanks Sizile Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: WONDERBOYPANKU (26 month(s) ago) hi rajiv sir, Ur presentation is really remarkable.Can u send me the same (public speaking and presentation skills) it will help myself and i can share the same with other for their development... best regards, pankaj jain Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close loading.... See all Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: Public Speaking, Presentation Skills & Techniques A presentation by Rajiv Bajaj Slide 2: What do you fear most ? Speaking to Groups – 41% Heights – 32 % Insects & Bugs – 24% Financial Problems – 23% Deep Water – 22% Sickness – 20% Death – 19% Flying – 18% (Source: The Book of Lists – David Wallechinsky) Slide 3: Speaking to a group is a notoriously stressful activity ! Something strange seems to happen when people are called upon to talk to a group formally Many irrational – and maybe not so irrational – fears raise their ugly heads Slide 4: When the spotlight is on you, the audience will be judging not only your ideas and the evidence you present, but also you personally Slide 5: People may not remember reports & spreadsheets easily, but a presentation can make a powerful impression that lasts.. If the presenter appears nervous, incompetent or ill-prepared, that reputation will stick – at least until the next presentation ! Slide 6: An effective presenter puts himself centre-stage An ineffective presenter tries to hide behind notes, a lectern or podium, slides or computer generated graphics Slide 7: Putting yourself on the show Anxiety – more about your relationship with the audience than about what you have to say Moments before you present, you may find yourself suffering from – Demophobia – Fear of people Laliophobia – Fear of speaking Katagelophobia – Fear of ridicule Slide 8: Checklist of symptoms Rapid pulse Shallow breathing Muscle spasms in the throat, knees and hands Dry mouth Cold extremities Dilated pupils Sweaty palms Blurred vision Nausea Slide 9: The worst part of it is… However much you suffer, audience will forget virtually everything you say ! That’s the bad news… The GOOD news is… YOU are not alone ! Every presenter suffers from nerves, experience never seems to make them better Slide 10: The BEST news is…Nerves are there to help you ! They remind you that the presentation matters… that YOU matter YOU are the medium through which the audience will understand your ideas.. You SHOULD feel nervous ! If you don’t you aren’t taking it seriously.. You are in danger of letting your concentration slip Slide 11: The trick is not to try to dispel your nerves, but to use them Once you understand that nervousness is natural, and indeed necessary, it becomes a little easier to handle If you can support your nerves with SOLID preparation, you can channel your nervous energy into the performance itself Slide 12: ‘All great speakers were bad speakers once.’ - Emerson Remember… Slide 13: Preparing for a presentation Slide 14: A presentation is like any other communication.. Analyse the reasons for this communication Why? Who? What? When? Where? And How? Be sure that you have adequate preparation time - for both written material and visual aids How long? : How long? Duration? Time adequate for your subject? Remember - the lesser the time you have to speak, the more carefully planned your talk must be ! As one speaker said… : As one speaker said… If you want me to speak for five minutes, I need two weeks to prepare. If you want me to speak for an hour- I need a week to prepare. If you don’t mind how long I speak, I’ll get up now and do it now ! - Unknown Venue - Where ? : Venue - Where ? Surroundings… Familiar to your audience? Familiar to you? If not, try to visit the venue before you speak In any case check before-hand type & size of the room, tiered seating or flat floor, acoustics, lighting, equipment available, etc Don’t hesitate to ask if a particular arrangement is possible Audience : Audience Number, age group and type Gender mix ? Intellectual level - current knowledge of the subject, reasons for attending and their attitudes These will, of course, influence the ideas and the language you use. Why me? : Why me? What special knowledge or position do you have? What will the audience expect from you? How? : How? Are you expected to… Give a formal speech or lecture, or an introductory talk to provoke discussion? Will there be a question session? If YES, then you might like to leave some things unsaid… … leave your audience with some questions to ask and yourself with something fresh to say in reply to the questions ! Adjusting to circumstances : Adjusting to circumstances Many times, there is likelihood of a conflict between the desired circumstances and the given circumstances Some modifications or compromises may be necessary. It could be time, audience size, equipment… Be mentally prepared to adjust to these unforeseen issues ! Developing the material : Developing the material Stage one –Think ! You have selected your subject, now give it some thought… give it time to grow Write down for yourself the objective ! Gather and arrange your thoughts. Put them on paper ! Discuss theme with friends and colleagues.. Get their inputs Slide 23: Think about the talk at any convenient moment.. When not preoccupied with something else Like when you are doing some other, usually manual job, like digging the garden, decorating your flat, or perhaps traveling to work or college Carry a notebook on which to note ideas as they occur to you Slide 24: Stage Two – Read ! Read as much as time permits Gather more material than you can possibly use, for example possible quotations Collect anecdotes and stories from newspapers and magazines Browse the internet for related material Slide 25: Stage Three – Construct your outline As with any carefully presented message, it will require an introduction and a conclusion However you do it, it should be logical and systematic.. Well structured ! Don’t allow yourself to be misled by the adage “Look after the beginning and the end…and the middle will take care itself.” Slide 26: Of course the middle needs to be well structured if you are to achieve your goal ‘Men perish because they cannot join the beginning with the end.” Slide 27: Stage 4 – Practice & Rehearse Practice the whole talk - out loud, in a similar-sized room, if possible - using a tape recorder - checking the timing - do a dry run in front of friends / colleagues This will help you find your own particular strengths and weaknesses Learn to exploit your strengths and avoid your weaknesses Slide 28: Getting ready for the presentation : Dress to Impress ! Slide 29: Remember, first impression is the last impression.. Golden Rule – You have only ONE chance to make a first impression ! Wear clothes appropriate to the occasion Dress to impress… Dress for impact Wear clothes that you are comfortable in - those clothes which you know you look good in ! The Actual Presentation - TELL THEM : The Actual Presentation - TELL THEM 1. Tell them WHAT you’re GOING TO TELL them Indicate key-points that will form the sections of your presentation. You may even use a slide to outline these 2. TELL them 3. Tell them what you’ve TOLD them ! Summarise ! Drive home your point ! Conclude ! Creating a good opening impression : Creating a good opening impression Arrange the ‘stage’ on which you are to perform Take a little time before you start speaking to position your notes and visual aids so that you can use them comfortably Make sure you have room to move around, and that your notes are handy Avoid using a podium or lectern – it is equivalent to a barrier between you & your audience – Move around ! Opening the talk : Opening the talk First few minutes very crucial because: You may be slotted after another speaker who for whatever reasons has had a great acceptance; or You may be the first or only speaker and you have to cut the ice - make the audience feel immediately that their attendance is worthwhile; AND You may, like most people, feel far more nervous during the first few minutes Slide 33: Don’t hesitate; start as soon as the audience is settled But take a few seconds to survey the audience and let them take stock of you Avoid opening with clichés or hackneyed expressions, e.g. ‘it gives me great pleasure…’ ‘I would like to thank you…’ Do this towards the end of your talk The Opening : The Opening Introduce yourself – Who you are and why you are there Clear statement of objective – Tell them what you’re going to tell them ! A timetable – finish times, breaks if necessary How will you take questions – during the presentation or at the end Sometimes, it is a good idea to talk with your audience before launching into the proper presentation Slide 35: Using an Anecdote as a start is sometimes good . Must be well told, relevant to the subject, brief and, if possible, personal. Willingness to laugh at yourself will usually win an audience Joke, IF your experience tells you that you can do this well. Must be well told, relevant and brief Peoples’ sense of humor differs radically, and if the joke falls flat you are worse off than before ! The Main Presentation : The Main Presentation TELL Them ! Put forward your ideas in a structured manner Must be relevant to the subject, logical & must have a purpose Must not be ambiguous Avoid too many statistics. Use graphs instead Do not wander. Adopt a clear thought process Slide 37: Use Quotations – perhaps the easiest method to use and often most effective Should be from a well known person or author known to the audience, and strictly relevant to your subject Use shock element, if appropriate – it leaves a lasting impression Delivery of the Talk : Delivery of the Talk Be yourself ! Look at the audience – make Eye Contact – The Lighthouse principle Concentrate on the four qualities below - conviction / sincerity - enthusiasm - power of speech - simplicity These are the basic ingredients of all effective communication Closing the Talk : Closing the Talk Close of the presentation most memorable moment Whatever happens, audience will most certainly remember this Your last chance to “Tell them what you’ve told them !” – SUMMARISE WELL ! Summarise key-points & your message – Don’t go into details again ! Slide 40: If you have finished before your allotted time- sit down. Don’t try to drag it on ! Avoid having to rely on notes for your final remarks Memorise well your closing words so that you can look at your audience as you reach your climax Don’t give too many closing signals, e.g. ‘and finally’, ‘in conclusion’, ‘one other thing before I finish’, ‘then, before you fall asleep’,… Slide 41: In fact, it is probably best to avoid a closing signal altogether Your closing remarks should round off your talk, and therefore by implication your audience will know that your talk is complete End your talk on a high or dramatic note that the audience will remember – but don’t overdo it ! Slide 42: As with every communication, final objective is to seek some action You want action now, not later. So ask for it Be specific – What do you want your audience to do ? Talk about the advantages or benefits to the audience of your ideas Show them how they can put them into action Conclusion : Conclusion Thank your audience for their attention Invite questions You may also pre-arrange a planted question in the audience to set the ball rolling ! Slide 44: Making a presentation: The MUST AVOID list of 20 common bloopers The First Ten Bloopers : The First Ten Bloopers N I N C O M P O O P Don’t be one ! The First Ten Bloopers : The First Ten Bloopers Not being prepared Inadequate content Not delivering the goods Constantly boring the audience Overload of Information Misreading the group Poor pacing Omission of practice Odd or distracting visuals Poor handling of questions The Next Ten Bloopers : The Next Ten Bloopers P O O R R E S U L T You don’t want this ! The Next Ten Bloopers : The Next Ten Bloopers Poorly planned visuals Offensive or inappropriate humour Over or under-dressing Running overtime Running late for the start Eye contact missing Showing your back too often Under-utilising the media available Lack of enthusiasm Total lack of conclusion Slide 49: Using Powerpoint Effectively Powerpoint… : Powerpoint… … is a Digital Storytelling tool for conveying verbal & visual messages … is used to compliment verbal & visual messages. Presentations should not rely on it exclusively … is used to balance the verbal & visual Avoid… : Avoid… … Templates. They are not related to your subject matter … Bullets. Use visuals instead … Unnecessary Graphics & Animations … Overloading the slides … Too much text. It dilutes your message Do’s : Do’s One idea per slide. Use more slides if needed Emphasis – Use Font colours for emphasis or frame text for high emphasis Background in High contrast with text Use blank slides to start, avoid templates Use high impact Visuals, pictures with Emotion Black screen to get audience focus on you Slide 53: Use Graphics only to support ideas, if required Humour where possible Prepare outline first. Don’t directly start with Powerpoint Make good use of notes section. Memories are faulty. Making notes helps ! Minimal use of animation. More effective if used sparingly Slide 54: Avoid Clipart … Use proper images wherever possible Visuals must compliment your messages – must be relevant to the topic Turn off email alerts. Adjust power settings ! Slide 55: Remember – Powerpoint not meant as a stand-alone tool. YOU are the most important ingredient in the presentation ! You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
presentation skills rajivbajaj Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 455 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (3) Dislike it (1) Added: January 30, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 4 Presentation Description This presentation is based on excerpts from the book "Improve Your Communication Skills" by Alan Barker and "Basic Training for Trainers" by Gary Kroehnert. Comments Posting comment... By: aarti.takawane (6 month(s) ago) Hi sir, could you please send me a copy of this at simran_a45@hotmail.com? Thanks Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: zoobich (7 month(s) ago) Sir I lIke iT most... SeNd mE aT zoobi.ch@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: rikram (24 month(s) ago) can i have it please, rizwanikram@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: kabang (26 month(s) ago) Hi Rajiv Please can you share your presentation with me. my address is ndlzam003@yahoo.com. Many thanks Sizile Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: WONDERBOYPANKU (26 month(s) ago) hi rajiv sir, Ur presentation is really remarkable.Can u send me the same (public speaking and presentation skills) it will help myself and i can share the same with other for their development... best regards, pankaj jain Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close loading.... See all Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: Public Speaking, Presentation Skills & Techniques A presentation by Rajiv Bajaj Slide 2: What do you fear most ? Speaking to Groups – 41% Heights – 32 % Insects & Bugs – 24% Financial Problems – 23% Deep Water – 22% Sickness – 20% Death – 19% Flying – 18% (Source: The Book of Lists – David Wallechinsky) Slide 3: Speaking to a group is a notoriously stressful activity ! Something strange seems to happen when people are called upon to talk to a group formally Many irrational – and maybe not so irrational – fears raise their ugly heads Slide 4: When the spotlight is on you, the audience will be judging not only your ideas and the evidence you present, but also you personally Slide 5: People may not remember reports & spreadsheets easily, but a presentation can make a powerful impression that lasts.. If the presenter appears nervous, incompetent or ill-prepared, that reputation will stick – at least until the next presentation ! Slide 6: An effective presenter puts himself centre-stage An ineffective presenter tries to hide behind notes, a lectern or podium, slides or computer generated graphics Slide 7: Putting yourself on the show Anxiety – more about your relationship with the audience than about what you have to say Moments before you present, you may find yourself suffering from – Demophobia – Fear of people Laliophobia – Fear of speaking Katagelophobia – Fear of ridicule Slide 8: Checklist of symptoms Rapid pulse Shallow breathing Muscle spasms in the throat, knees and hands Dry mouth Cold extremities Dilated pupils Sweaty palms Blurred vision Nausea Slide 9: The worst part of it is… However much you suffer, audience will forget virtually everything you say ! That’s the bad news… The GOOD news is… YOU are not alone ! Every presenter suffers from nerves, experience never seems to make them better Slide 10: The BEST news is…Nerves are there to help you ! They remind you that the presentation matters… that YOU matter YOU are the medium through which the audience will understand your ideas.. You SHOULD feel nervous ! If you don’t you aren’t taking it seriously.. You are in danger of letting your concentration slip Slide 11: The trick is not to try to dispel your nerves, but to use them Once you understand that nervousness is natural, and indeed necessary, it becomes a little easier to handle If you can support your nerves with SOLID preparation, you can channel your nervous energy into the performance itself Slide 12: ‘All great speakers were bad speakers once.’ - Emerson Remember… Slide 13: Preparing for a presentation Slide 14: A presentation is like any other communication.. Analyse the reasons for this communication Why? Who? What? When? Where? And How? Be sure that you have adequate preparation time - for both written material and visual aids How long? : How long? Duration? Time adequate for your subject? Remember - the lesser the time you have to speak, the more carefully planned your talk must be ! As one speaker said… : As one speaker said… If you want me to speak for five minutes, I need two weeks to prepare. If you want me to speak for an hour- I need a week to prepare. If you don’t mind how long I speak, I’ll get up now and do it now ! - Unknown Venue - Where ? : Venue - Where ? Surroundings… Familiar to your audience? Familiar to you? If not, try to visit the venue before you speak In any case check before-hand type & size of the room, tiered seating or flat floor, acoustics, lighting, equipment available, etc Don’t hesitate to ask if a particular arrangement is possible Audience : Audience Number, age group and type Gender mix ? Intellectual level - current knowledge of the subject, reasons for attending and their attitudes These will, of course, influence the ideas and the language you use. Why me? : Why me? What special knowledge or position do you have? What will the audience expect from you? How? : How? Are you expected to… Give a formal speech or lecture, or an introductory talk to provoke discussion? Will there be a question session? If YES, then you might like to leave some things unsaid… … leave your audience with some questions to ask and yourself with something fresh to say in reply to the questions ! Adjusting to circumstances : Adjusting to circumstances Many times, there is likelihood of a conflict between the desired circumstances and the given circumstances Some modifications or compromises may be necessary. It could be time, audience size, equipment… Be mentally prepared to adjust to these unforeseen issues ! Developing the material : Developing the material Stage one –Think ! You have selected your subject, now give it some thought… give it time to grow Write down for yourself the objective ! Gather and arrange your thoughts. Put them on paper ! Discuss theme with friends and colleagues.. Get their inputs Slide 23: Think about the talk at any convenient moment.. When not preoccupied with something else Like when you are doing some other, usually manual job, like digging the garden, decorating your flat, or perhaps traveling to work or college Carry a notebook on which to note ideas as they occur to you Slide 24: Stage Two – Read ! Read as much as time permits Gather more material than you can possibly use, for example possible quotations Collect anecdotes and stories from newspapers and magazines Browse the internet for related material Slide 25: Stage Three – Construct your outline As with any carefully presented message, it will require an introduction and a conclusion However you do it, it should be logical and systematic.. Well structured ! Don’t allow yourself to be misled by the adage “Look after the beginning and the end…and the middle will take care itself.” Slide 26: Of course the middle needs to be well structured if you are to achieve your goal ‘Men perish because they cannot join the beginning with the end.” Slide 27: Stage 4 – Practice & Rehearse Practice the whole talk - out loud, in a similar-sized room, if possible - using a tape recorder - checking the timing - do a dry run in front of friends / colleagues This will help you find your own particular strengths and weaknesses Learn to exploit your strengths and avoid your weaknesses Slide 28: Getting ready for the presentation : Dress to Impress ! Slide 29: Remember, first impression is the last impression.. Golden Rule – You have only ONE chance to make a first impression ! Wear clothes appropriate to the occasion Dress to impress… Dress for impact Wear clothes that you are comfortable in - those clothes which you know you look good in ! The Actual Presentation - TELL THEM : The Actual Presentation - TELL THEM 1. Tell them WHAT you’re GOING TO TELL them Indicate key-points that will form the sections of your presentation. You may even use a slide to outline these 2. TELL them 3. Tell them what you’ve TOLD them ! Summarise ! Drive home your point ! Conclude ! Creating a good opening impression : Creating a good opening impression Arrange the ‘stage’ on which you are to perform Take a little time before you start speaking to position your notes and visual aids so that you can use them comfortably Make sure you have room to move around, and that your notes are handy Avoid using a podium or lectern – it is equivalent to a barrier between you & your audience – Move around ! Opening the talk : Opening the talk First few minutes very crucial because: You may be slotted after another speaker who for whatever reasons has had a great acceptance; or You may be the first or only speaker and you have to cut the ice - make the audience feel immediately that their attendance is worthwhile; AND You may, like most people, feel far more nervous during the first few minutes Slide 33: Don’t hesitate; start as soon as the audience is settled But take a few seconds to survey the audience and let them take stock of you Avoid opening with clichés or hackneyed expressions, e.g. ‘it gives me great pleasure…’ ‘I would like to thank you…’ Do this towards the end of your talk The Opening : The Opening Introduce yourself – Who you are and why you are there Clear statement of objective – Tell them what you’re going to tell them ! A timetable – finish times, breaks if necessary How will you take questions – during the presentation or at the end Sometimes, it is a good idea to talk with your audience before launching into the proper presentation Slide 35: Using an Anecdote as a start is sometimes good . Must be well told, relevant to the subject, brief and, if possible, personal. Willingness to laugh at yourself will usually win an audience Joke, IF your experience tells you that you can do this well. Must be well told, relevant and brief Peoples’ sense of humor differs radically, and if the joke falls flat you are worse off than before ! The Main Presentation : The Main Presentation TELL Them ! Put forward your ideas in a structured manner Must be relevant to the subject, logical & must have a purpose Must not be ambiguous Avoid too many statistics. Use graphs instead Do not wander. Adopt a clear thought process Slide 37: Use Quotations – perhaps the easiest method to use and often most effective Should be from a well known person or author known to the audience, and strictly relevant to your subject Use shock element, if appropriate – it leaves a lasting impression Delivery of the Talk : Delivery of the Talk Be yourself ! Look at the audience – make Eye Contact – The Lighthouse principle Concentrate on the four qualities below - conviction / sincerity - enthusiasm - power of speech - simplicity These are the basic ingredients of all effective communication Closing the Talk : Closing the Talk Close of the presentation most memorable moment Whatever happens, audience will most certainly remember this Your last chance to “Tell them what you’ve told them !” – SUMMARISE WELL ! Summarise key-points & your message – Don’t go into details again ! Slide 40: If you have finished before your allotted time- sit down. Don’t try to drag it on ! Avoid having to rely on notes for your final remarks Memorise well your closing words so that you can look at your audience as you reach your climax Don’t give too many closing signals, e.g. ‘and finally’, ‘in conclusion’, ‘one other thing before I finish’, ‘then, before you fall asleep’,… Slide 41: In fact, it is probably best to avoid a closing signal altogether Your closing remarks should round off your talk, and therefore by implication your audience will know that your talk is complete End your talk on a high or dramatic note that the audience will remember – but don’t overdo it ! Slide 42: As with every communication, final objective is to seek some action You want action now, not later. So ask for it Be specific – What do you want your audience to do ? Talk about the advantages or benefits to the audience of your ideas Show them how they can put them into action Conclusion : Conclusion Thank your audience for their attention Invite questions You may also pre-arrange a planted question in the audience to set the ball rolling ! Slide 44: Making a presentation: The MUST AVOID list of 20 common bloopers The First Ten Bloopers : The First Ten Bloopers N I N C O M P O O P Don’t be one ! The First Ten Bloopers : The First Ten Bloopers Not being prepared Inadequate content Not delivering the goods Constantly boring the audience Overload of Information Misreading the group Poor pacing Omission of practice Odd or distracting visuals Poor handling of questions The Next Ten Bloopers : The Next Ten Bloopers P O O R R E S U L T You don’t want this ! The Next Ten Bloopers : The Next Ten Bloopers Poorly planned visuals Offensive or inappropriate humour Over or under-dressing Running overtime Running late for the start Eye contact missing Showing your back too often Under-utilising the media available Lack of enthusiasm Total lack of conclusion Slide 49: Using Powerpoint Effectively Powerpoint… : Powerpoint… … is a Digital Storytelling tool for conveying verbal & visual messages … is used to compliment verbal & visual messages. Presentations should not rely on it exclusively … is used to balance the verbal & visual Avoid… : Avoid… … Templates. They are not related to your subject matter … Bullets. Use visuals instead … Unnecessary Graphics & Animations … Overloading the slides … Too much text. It dilutes your message Do’s : Do’s One idea per slide. Use more slides if needed Emphasis – Use Font colours for emphasis or frame text for high emphasis Background in High contrast with text Use blank slides to start, avoid templates Use high impact Visuals, pictures with Emotion Black screen to get audience focus on you Slide 53: Use Graphics only to support ideas, if required Humour where possible Prepare outline first. Don’t directly start with Powerpoint Make good use of notes section. Memories are faulty. Making notes helps ! Minimal use of animation. More effective if used sparingly Slide 54: Avoid Clipart … Use proper images wherever possible Visuals must compliment your messages – must be relevant to the topic Turn off email alerts. Adjust power settings ! Slide 55: Remember – Powerpoint not meant as a stand-alone tool. YOU are the most important ingredient in the presentation !