alternative fuel from exhaust gas

NANDHA ENGINEERING COLLEGE ERODE 52 : 

NANDHA ENGINEERING COLLEGE ERODE 52 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ALTERNATIVE FUELS FROM AUTOMOBILE EXHAUST USING NANOTECHNOLOGY Presented by A.K.PARTHIBAN K.NANTHAKUMAR

INTRODUCTION: 

INTRODUCTION It is a known fact that green plants produces electrochemical energy of its own by using chlorophyll in presence of sunlight which we call it as photosynthesis. Here artificial photosynthesis is carried out to obtain alternative fuel from exhaust gases using nanomaterials.

NATURAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS: 

NATURAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS PHOTOSYNTHESIS IS THE PROCESS IN WHICH CARBONDIOXIDE AND WATER ARE USED TO PRODUCE CARBOHYDRATES AND EVOLVE OXYGEN IN PRESENCE OF LIGHT AND CHLOROPHYLL THE NET RESULT IS LIGHT ENERGY IS CONVERTED INTO CHEMICAL ENERGY IN THE FORM OF FIXED CARBON COMPOUNDS

Photo of photosynthesis: 

Photo of photosynthesis

ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS : 

ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS Artificial photosynthesis is carried out in the same way as occurs in plants. In this project, light harvesting systems that can capture solar photons and catalytic systems that can oxidize water are used to perform artificial photosynthesis.

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP : 

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP Titania nanotubes doped with nitrogen must be exactly fabricated in following dimensions. length 140µm ,dia:115nm. Platinum or copper is coated as a thin layer over the tubes.Nanotubes are arranged in the form of an array of total area 2cm 2. And the whole system is to be placed in open sunlight. Solar condenser is an essential component .

PROTOTYPE: 

PROTOTYPE

PROCEDURE: 

PROCEDURE The nanotubes arrays were placed inside a stainless steel chamber filled with CO2 infused with water vapour . And two reaction chambers are made and they are evacuated completely and the vacuum space is sealed. CO2 is pumped through a tank of water and into the chamber ,flushing it through intake and outlet valves for 10 minutes.

PROCEDURE: 

PROCEDURE The whole set up is now exposed to open sunlight for 2.5 to 3.5 hours,when the sun produces between 75 to 102 milli watts for each cm 2 area exposed. The most effective time period to perform this experiment is between 12.30 to 4.00 p.m since solar intensity is maximum.

REACTIONS: 

REACTIONS The major photo catalytic reaction taking place is reduction of CO2 by cu/pt loaded samples. CO 2 + 2e -  CO + 1/2 O 2 Carbonmonoxide thus formed reacts with atomic hydrogen to form hydracarbons such as methane,ethane ,butane, propane, olefins. but methane is found in large amount in the resultant product.

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS: 

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS NT coated with platinum  yield hydrogen NT coated with copper  hydrocarbon +carbon monoxide NT coated with pt + cu  yields hydrocarbon & eliminates carbon monoxide so we are using NT arrays with about half the surface coated in Cu and the other half in Pt With coat  163 ppm hydrocarbon/hr/cm 2 Without coat  10 ppm hydrocarbon/hr/cm 2 Net result is 160x10 -4 litre of methane/gram of nanotubes

ADVANTAGES: 

ADVANTAGES methane -the final product is an efficient alternative fuel It utilizes automobile emission products such as CO 2 as input for its working and produces fuel.hence , it saves environment and gives fuel. So,it is dual advantageous. Only initial setup cost is to be invested. no maintenance costs.

NEED FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS IDEA: 

NEED FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS IDEA Every 12 days the world consumes about one billion barrels of oil , which represents the release of almost one trillion pounds of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere The best way of dealing with this problem is by recycling the CO2 into a high energy content fuel, with the use of renewable energy source like solar energy ,which is the main objective of this project.

CONCLUSION: 

CONCLUSION For millions of years green plants have employed photosynthesis to capture energy from sunlight and convert it into electrochemical energy. A goal of scientists has been to develop an artificial version of photosynthesis that can be used to produce liquid fuels from carbon dioxide and water. This simple, inexpensive process can yield significant amounts of Methane, other hydrocarbons, and hydrogen .

Slide 15: 

THANKING YOU !!!

Slide 16: 

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