FOLIC ACID

FOLIC ACID: 

FOLIC ACID Folic acid (also known as vitamin B 9 , vitamin B c or folacin ) and folate ( the form naturally occurring in the body ) pteroyl - L- glutamic acid , pteroyl - L- Glutamate and pteroylmonoglutamic acid are forms of the water-soluble vitamin B9

FOLIC ACID: 

FOLIC ACID SUBMITTED TO; AHMED LECTURER BY AJAAZ.MD

FOLIC ACID: 

FOLIC ACID Folic acid (also known as vitamin B 9 , vitamin B c or folacin ) and folate ( the form naturally occurring in the body ) pteroyl - L- glutamic acid , pteroyl - L- Glutamate and pteroylmonoglutamic acid are forms of the water-soluble vitamin B9

Slide 4: 

Folic acid is itself not biologically active, but its biological importance is due to tetrahydrofolate and other derivatives after its conversion to dihydrofolic acid in the liver . The human body needs folate to synthesize DNA , repair DNA, and methylate DNA as well as to act as a cofactor in biological reactions involving folate .

Slide 5: 

Folate and folic acid derive their names from the Latin word folium (which means "leaf ")

STRUCTURE OF FOLIC ACID: 

STRUCTURE OF FOLIC ACID

IUPAC NAMES: 

IUPAC NAMES ( 2 S )-2-[(4-{[( 2-amino- 4-hydroxypteridin-6- yl )methyl]amino}phenyl) formamido ] pentanedioic acid

OTHERNAMES: 

OTHERNAMES N -​(4-​{[(2-​amino-​4- oxo -​1,​4- dihydropteridin -​6- yl )​methyl]​amino} benzoyl )- L - glutamic acid pteroyl -L- glutamic acid Vitamin B 9 Vitamin B c Vitamin M Folacin

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FUNTIONS: 1 . Needed for DNA synthesis need to make all new cells e.g ; need to make new RBC 2. Reduces incidence of neural tube effects Defects occurs in first week of Pregnancy

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3 . plays a major role in proteinsynthesis 4 . breaks down the aminoacid Homocysteine High levels of Homocysteine increase risk of blood clot

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5. may reduce risk some cancers pancreatic cancer in men who smoke breast cancer in women who drink

ABSORPTION AND ACTIVATION : 

ABSORPTION AND ACTIVATION Folate in foods must be acted upon by an intestinal enzyme for it to be absorbed and transported to cells 2. Folate in cells needs to be activated by vitamin B12 3 . process also activates the B12

RECOMMENDED INTAKE : 

RECOMMENDED INTAKE 400 microgram/day

FACTORS IMPACTING NEEDS: 

FACTORS IMPACTING NEEDS pregnancy 600mg/day Asprin,Antacid,smoking ,oral contraceptives reduce absorption some cancer drugs reduce absorption GIT damage reduce absorption occurs with alcoholism,anorexia , poor absorption leads to damage of GIT

FOOD SOURCES : 

FOOD SOURCES cooking destroyes upto 50% of folate oxygen destroyes folate good sources include greenleafy vegetables legumes fortified cereals and seeds liver orangejuice (ok but not gret source)

TOXICITY : 

TOXICITY No known symptoms may mask a vitamin B12 deficiency vitamin B12 deficiency is very serious

FOLATE DEFICIENCY: 

FOLATE DEFICIENCY impairs cell division and proteinsynthesis symptoms MEGABLASTIC ANEMIA Fewer RBC made RBC larger than normal RBC donot carry oxygen as well

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confusion, irritability, weakness, fatigue, related to anemia GIT deterioration elevated homocysteine levels smooth red tongue increased risk neural tube defects

REFERENCES: 

REFERENCES Smith C, Lieberman M, Marks DB, Marks AD (2007). Marks' essential medical biochemistry . Hagerstwon , MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-9340-8 . ^ a b c d Weinstein, SJ et al. (2003). "Null Association Between Prostate Cancer and Serum Folate , Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, and Homocysteine " (PDF). Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers, & Prevention 12 (11): 1271–127 2. Retrieved 1 December 2010. ww . Wikipedia.com www.authorstream.com

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