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Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: A Seminar on HPLC Detectors Guided by :- Presented by- Mr.Sumit Bansal Anmol Sharma 1 index : index Introduction Types Characterization Absorbance detector Fluorescence detector Refractive index ELSD Electrical conductivity detector Electrochemical detector 2 H : H P 3 igh erformance L iquid C hromatography Instrumentation : Instrumentation 4 Pump Injector Column Detector Mobile Phases Gradient Controller • What is detector : What is detector An instrument use to detect or observe Sensitive universal detector for HPLC has not devised yet Selection of detector is on the basis of analyte or sample under detection 5 Detection in HPLC : Detection in HPLC HPLC Detectors were common laboratory instrument Usually a narrow linear range Must be solvent -compatible, stable etc. Universal--Respond to all analytes Analyte Specific Respond to specific properties of analytes Non-destructive & Destructive 6 1982 study : 1982 study 365 Papers UV absorbance detector------71% Fluorescence detector------- 15% Refractive Index---------------- 5.4% Electrochemical ----------------4.3% Other measurements----------4.3% 7 Type of detectors : Type of detectors Bulk property detectors Solute property detectors 8 Characterization of detector : Characterization of detector Adequate sensitivity Stability and reproducibility Wide linear dynamic range Short response time Minimum volume detected easily to reduce zero Similarity in response towards all analytes Non-destructive 9 Absorbance detectorsUV/Visible detectors : Absorbance detectorsUV/Visible detectors Solute property detector Three types Fixed wavelength detector Variable wavelength detector Diode array detector 10 Properties of Absorbance Detector : Properties of Absorbance Detector Typical Z shaped. Flow through cell for absorbance measurements on eluents. Minimize extra column band broadening Pressure less than 600psi. Matched photoelectric detector. 11 Slide 12: 12 Fixed Wavelength detector : Fixed Wavelength detector 254nm Higher detection capacity. Hg vapour lamp(discharge lamp) Focus of light through two absorption cells. Volume of cell is kept constant. 13 Variable Wavelength Detectors : Variable Wavelength Detectors Relatively wide band pass UV-Visible spectrophotometer coupled to a chromatographic system. Offers a wide selection of UV & Visible wavelengths with increased cost. For complete spectrum, eluent flow must be stopped to trap the component of interest in the detector cell. Use of phosphorus convertor 14 Diode Array Detector : Diode Array Detector Scanning Wavelength Detector Required to obtain a real time spectrum of each solute as it elutes Work in parallel, monitoring all wavelength Xenon lamp Complete development of chromatogram 15 Slide 16: 16 Diode array Instrument : Diode array Instrument 17 cuvette Tungsten Filament (vis) slit Diode array detector 328 individual detectors monochromator Deuterium lamp Filament (UV) slit mirror Slide 18: 18 Slide 19: HPLC-UV Mobile phase HPLC Pump syringe 6-port valve Sample loop HPLC column UV detector Solvent waste 19 Fluorescence Detector : Fluorescence Detector Detect those materials which will fluoresce or appropriate derivatisation made to fluorescence. UV lamp provides the excitation radiation. Light is focused by the quartz lens through the cell and another lens situated normal to incident light and focuses the fluorescent light on the photo cell. 20 Contd……… : Contd……… In a more sophisticated detector, the fluorescence spectrometer detector, a combination of Ellipsoidal mirror Toroidal mirror Gratings Beam splitter Photocell 21 Slide 22: excitation Mobile phase emission (S1) (S2) (S3) （S0） Ground state Excited state Hν (fluorescence) 22 Refractive Index Detector : Refractive Index Detector Universal detector Least sensitive Non-ionic compounds monitoring Responds to analytes changing the RI of the mobile phase requires a separate reference flow of mobile phase Absorbance detectors are relatively cheap 23 Contd……. : Contd……. Respond to the deflection of light beam caused by differing R.I. 24 Slide 25: 25 UV detector and RI detector : UV detector RI detector 26 UV detector and RI detector Slide 27: 27 ELSD (Evaporative Light Scattering Detector) : ELSD (Evaporative Light Scattering Detector) Universal, destructive Useful for large molecules and wide linear range. Analytes are de-solvated in the detector. Molecules pass through a large cuvette for a UV-VIS instrument. The reduction in light intensity detected (due to scattering by the analytes) is measured. 28 Slide 29: 29 Detectors : Detectors UV Fluorescence RI Sensitivity ng pg μg Detection selective highly selective Universal Temperature small small large Influence Gradient possible possible impossible elution 30 Electrical Conductivity Detector : Electrical Conductivity Detector Used in ion-exchange chromatography. Consists of two electrode. bulk property detector, respond to electrolyte in the mobile phase. 31 Electrochemical Detector : Electrochemical Detector Most sensitive detector Respond to substances that are oxidisable or reductable. 3 electrodes are employed Working electrode Auxiliary electrode Reference electrode 32 REFERENCES : REFERENCES Chatwal R.Gurdeep, Anand K.Sham, Instrumental method of analysis 2.625-2.626 Williards,Merritt,Dean,Settle Instrumental method of analysis 600-608 http://www.cem.msu.edu/~cem333/Week16.pdf Beckett A.H., Stenlake J.B. Practical Pharmaceutical chemistry 4th ed.,157& 247 33 Contd…. : Contd…. Munson W.james Part-B vol.-2. Modern method of Pharmaceutical analysis Pg-73-77/ WWW.Chromatography%20-%20Introductory%20theory.htm Practical HPLC methods vol.2 Harvey David ,Modern analytical Chemistry pg-584-586 34 Contd……. : Contd……. 35 Levin S. Dr. Detection Qualification and types of detector used in HPLC Slide 36: 36 THANK YOU You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
HPLC detectors preciousmolu Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 7362 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (1) Dislike it (0) Added: January 03, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 8 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: somashekarbc (14 month(s) ago) Hello sir please send this ppt to me as soon as possible since i want to update in these area Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: mahmmoud10 (19 month(s) ago) thank you Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: anuloveschemistry (25 month(s) ago) thank you that was very useful Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Slide 1: A Seminar on HPLC Detectors Guided by :- Presented by- Mr.Sumit Bansal Anmol Sharma 1 index : index Introduction Types Characterization Absorbance detector Fluorescence detector Refractive index ELSD Electrical conductivity detector Electrochemical detector 2 H : H P 3 igh erformance L iquid C hromatography Instrumentation : Instrumentation 4 Pump Injector Column Detector Mobile Phases Gradient Controller • What is detector : What is detector An instrument use to detect or observe Sensitive universal detector for HPLC has not devised yet Selection of detector is on the basis of analyte or sample under detection 5 Detection in HPLC : Detection in HPLC HPLC Detectors were common laboratory instrument Usually a narrow linear range Must be solvent -compatible, stable etc. Universal--Respond to all analytes Analyte Specific Respond to specific properties of analytes Non-destructive & Destructive 6 1982 study : 1982 study 365 Papers UV absorbance detector------71% Fluorescence detector------- 15% Refractive Index---------------- 5.4% Electrochemical ----------------4.3% Other measurements----------4.3% 7 Type of detectors : Type of detectors Bulk property detectors Solute property detectors 8 Characterization of detector : Characterization of detector Adequate sensitivity Stability and reproducibility Wide linear dynamic range Short response time Minimum volume detected easily to reduce zero Similarity in response towards all analytes Non-destructive 9 Absorbance detectorsUV/Visible detectors : Absorbance detectorsUV/Visible detectors Solute property detector Three types Fixed wavelength detector Variable wavelength detector Diode array detector 10 Properties of Absorbance Detector : Properties of Absorbance Detector Typical Z shaped. Flow through cell for absorbance measurements on eluents. Minimize extra column band broadening Pressure less than 600psi. Matched photoelectric detector. 11 Slide 12: 12 Fixed Wavelength detector : Fixed Wavelength detector 254nm Higher detection capacity. Hg vapour lamp(discharge lamp) Focus of light through two absorption cells. Volume of cell is kept constant. 13 Variable Wavelength Detectors : Variable Wavelength Detectors Relatively wide band pass UV-Visible spectrophotometer coupled to a chromatographic system. Offers a wide selection of UV & Visible wavelengths with increased cost. For complete spectrum, eluent flow must be stopped to trap the component of interest in the detector cell. Use of phosphorus convertor 14 Diode Array Detector : Diode Array Detector Scanning Wavelength Detector Required to obtain a real time spectrum of each solute as it elutes Work in parallel, monitoring all wavelength Xenon lamp Complete development of chromatogram 15 Slide 16: 16 Diode array Instrument : Diode array Instrument 17 cuvette Tungsten Filament (vis) slit Diode array detector 328 individual detectors monochromator Deuterium lamp Filament (UV) slit mirror Slide 18: 18 Slide 19: HPLC-UV Mobile phase HPLC Pump syringe 6-port valve Sample loop HPLC column UV detector Solvent waste 19 Fluorescence Detector : Fluorescence Detector Detect those materials which will fluoresce or appropriate derivatisation made to fluorescence. UV lamp provides the excitation radiation. Light is focused by the quartz lens through the cell and another lens situated normal to incident light and focuses the fluorescent light on the photo cell. 20 Contd……… : Contd……… In a more sophisticated detector, the fluorescence spectrometer detector, a combination of Ellipsoidal mirror Toroidal mirror Gratings Beam splitter Photocell 21 Slide 22: excitation Mobile phase emission (S1) (S2) (S3) （S0） Ground state Excited state Hν (fluorescence) 22 Refractive Index Detector : Refractive Index Detector Universal detector Least sensitive Non-ionic compounds monitoring Responds to analytes changing the RI of the mobile phase requires a separate reference flow of mobile phase Absorbance detectors are relatively cheap 23 Contd……. : Contd……. Respond to the deflection of light beam caused by differing R.I. 24 Slide 25: 25 UV detector and RI detector : UV detector RI detector 26 UV detector and RI detector Slide 27: 27 ELSD (Evaporative Light Scattering Detector) : ELSD (Evaporative Light Scattering Detector) Universal, destructive Useful for large molecules and wide linear range. Analytes are de-solvated in the detector. Molecules pass through a large cuvette for a UV-VIS instrument. The reduction in light intensity detected (due to scattering by the analytes) is measured. 28 Slide 29: 29 Detectors : Detectors UV Fluorescence RI Sensitivity ng pg μg Detection selective highly selective Universal Temperature small small large Influence Gradient possible possible impossible elution 30 Electrical Conductivity Detector : Electrical Conductivity Detector Used in ion-exchange chromatography. Consists of two electrode. bulk property detector, respond to electrolyte in the mobile phase. 31 Electrochemical Detector : Electrochemical Detector Most sensitive detector Respond to substances that are oxidisable or reductable. 3 electrodes are employed Working electrode Auxiliary electrode Reference electrode 32 REFERENCES : REFERENCES Chatwal R.Gurdeep, Anand K.Sham, Instrumental method of analysis 2.625-2.626 Williards,Merritt,Dean,Settle Instrumental method of analysis 600-608 http://www.cem.msu.edu/~cem333/Week16.pdf Beckett A.H., Stenlake J.B. Practical Pharmaceutical chemistry 4th ed.,157& 247 33 Contd…. : Contd…. Munson W.james Part-B vol.-2. Modern method of Pharmaceutical analysis Pg-73-77/ WWW.Chromatography%20-%20Introductory%20theory.htm Practical HPLC methods vol.2 Harvey David ,Modern analytical Chemistry pg-584-586 34 Contd……. : Contd……. 35 Levin S. Dr. Detection Qualification and types of detector used in HPLC Slide 36: 36 THANK YOU