Routes of Drug Administration to Laboratory Animals

Routes of Drug Administration to Laboratory Animals:

Routes of Drug Administration to Laboratory Animals PRESENTED BY PRAVESH VERMA M.PHARM[PHARMACOLOGY] 2 nd SEM BBAU,LUCKNOW

Routes of Drug Administration to Laboratory Animals :

R outes of Drug A dministration to Laboratory A nimals Common routes: 1.Gastrointestinal Oral (per os) - through the mouth Gavage - into the stomach via a tube or gavage needle Rectal (per rectum) - into the rectum via the anus NPO (nil per os) - nothing by mouth. Usually prescribed prior to general anesthesia.

Contd….:

Contd…. Parenteral Intravenous (IV) - directly into the venous bloodstream Intraperitoneal (IP) - into the abdominal cavity Subcutaneous (SC) - under the skin Intramuscular (IM) - into a muscle Intradermal (ID) - into or between layers of skin Intrathecal (IT) - into the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord Intracranial (IC) - into the substance of the brain

IV INJECTION SITES:

IV INJECTION SITES SITE SPECIES Jugular vein Cat , sheep, dog, goat, rabbit, horse, cow Cephalic vein (Fore limb) Dog , cat, large primates Saphenous vein (Hind limb) Monkey , dog, guinea pig (difficult ) Tail vein Rat , mouse Marginal ear vein Rabbit , pig Alar vein (Wing vein) Bird Femoral vein Monkey , cat

Slide 5:

The route selected for drug administration is governed by the nature of the agent being administered, the animal, the purpose of administration The techniques for each route vary from species to species, but all require a general understanding of local anatomy at the injection site.