classification for rpd

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CLASSIFICATION & BIOMECHANICS IN REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES : 

CLASSIFICATION & BIOMECHANICS IN REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES P. V. BADWAIK

CLASSIFICATION : 

CLASSIFICATION A CATEGORY INTO WHICH SOMETHING IS PUT

REQUIREMENTS : 

REQUIREMENTS ALLOW VISUALIZATION PERMIT DIFFERENTIATION SERVE AS A GUIDE UNIVERSALLY ACCEPTABLE

NEED : 

NEED TO FORMULATE A GOOD T/t PLAN TO ANTICIPATE DIFFICULTIES TO COMMUNICATE TO DESIGN THE DENTURE

ONE SIMPLE SYSTEM : 

ONE SIMPLE SYSTEM ACC. TO TYPE OF SUPPORT SOFT TISSUE-SUPPORTED TOOTH-SUPPORTED TOOTH-TISSUE-SUPPORTED

1 CUMMER’S CLASSIFICATION : 

1 CUMMER’S CLASSIFICATION CUMMER IN 1920 ON THE POSITION OF DIRECT RETAINERS

DIAGONAL : 

DIAGONAL TWO DIRECT RETAINERS ARE DIAGONALLY OPPOSITE TO ONE ANOTHER

DIAMETRIC : 

DIAMETRIC

UNILATERAL : 

UNILATERAL TWO / MORE DIRECT RETAINERS ARE PRESENT ON THE SAME SIDE

MULTILATERAL : 

MULTILATERAL

2. KENNEDY’S : 

2. KENNEDY’S Dr. EDWARD KENNEDY (N.Y.) IN 1923 PARTIALLY EDENTULOUS ARCHES & NOT THE DENTURE BUT GIVES LITTLE IDEA ABOUT TEETH PRESENT & THEIR POSITIONAL RELATIONSHIP

CLASS I : 

CLASS I BILATERAL EDENTULOUS AREAS

CLASS II : 

CLASS II UNILATERAL EDENTULOUS AREA

CLASS III : 

CLASS III UNILATERAL EDEN. AREA WITH NATURAL TEETH ANT. & POST. TO IT

CLASS IV : 

CLASS IV SINGLE BILATERAL EDEN. AREA LOCATED ANT. TO REMAINING TEETH

APPLEGATE’S MODIFICATION (1960) : 

APPLEGATE’S MODIFICATION (1960) BASED ON CONDITION OF THE ABUTMENT TWO MORE ADDITIONAL GROUPS

CLASS V : 

CLASS V CONDITION IN WHICH ANT. ABUTMENT (LATERAL INCISOR) IS NOT SUITABLE FOR SUPPORT

CLASS VI : 

CLASS VI TEETH ADJACENT TO SPACE ARE CAPABLE OF TOTAL SUPPORT HARDLY REQUIRES ANY TISSUE SUPPORT

APPLEGATE’S RULESRULE ONE : 

APPLEGATE’S RULESRULE ONE CLASSIFCATION SHOULD FOLLOW RATHER THAN PRECEDE EXTRACTION

RULE TWO : 

RULE TWO IF 3RD MOLAR IS MISSING & NOT TO BE REPLACED, IT IS NOT CONSIDERED

RULE THREE : 

RULE THREE IF 3RD MOLAR IS PRESENT & IS TO BE USED AS AN ABUTMENT, IT IS CONSIDERED

RULE FOUR : 

RULE FOUR IF 2ND MOLAR IS MISSING & IS NOT BE REPLACED, IT IS NOT CONSIDERED

RULE FIVE : 

RULE FIVE THE MOST POSTERIOR EDENTULOUS AREA(S) ALWAYS DETERMINE THE CLASSIFICATION

RULE SIX : 

RULE SIX EDEN. AREAS OTHER THAN THOSE, WHICH DETERMINE THE CLASSIFICATION, ARE REFERRED TO AS MODIFICATION SPACES & ARE DESIGNATED BY THEIR NUMBER

RULE SEVEN : 

RULE SEVEN EXTENT OF MODIFICATION IS NOT CONSIDERED, ONLY NUMBER OF ADDITIONAL EDEN. AREAS

RULE EIGHT : 

RULE EIGHT NO MODIFICATION AREAS IN CLASS IV

GENERAL FINDINDS : 

GENERAL FINDINDS MOST COMMON : CLASS I LEAST COMMON : CLASS IV CLASS I & CLASS II, LONG SPAN CLASS III & IV P.D. : TOOTH-TISSUE SUPPORTED PROSTHESIS SHORT SPAN CLASS III & IV : TOOTH SUPPORTED P.D.

3. BAILYN’S : 

3. BAILYN’S IMPORTANCE TO SUPPORT OF P.D. BY REMAINING TISSUES A – ANT. RESTORATIONS, SADDLE AREAS ANT. TO THE FIRST BICUSPID P – POST. RESTORATIONS, SADDLE AREAS POST. TO CANINE

3. BAILYN’S : 

3. BAILYN’S SUB-CLASSIFIED CLASS 1 : BOUNDED SADDLE (NOT MORE THAN 3 TEETH MISSING) CLASS 2 : FREE END SADDLE (THERE IS NO DISTAL ABUTMENT TOOTH) CLASS 3 : BOUNDED SADDLE (MORE THAN 3 TEETH MISSING)

P1 P2 : 

P1 P2

P3 A3 : 

P3 A3

A1P2 P1P2 : 

A1P2 P1P2

A1P2P3 : 

A1P2P3

4. NEUROHR’S 1939 (SUPPORT) : 

4. NEUROHR’S 1939 (SUPPORT) CLASS I : TOOTH-BEARING UNI / BILATERAL CASE TEETH POST. TO ALL SPANS, & WHEN THERE ARE NO MORE THAN 4 MISSING IN ANY SPACETEETH

CLASS I VARIATION 1 : 

CLASS I VARIATION 1 A. POSTERIORS MISSING, ANT. IN PLACE

CLASS I VARIATION 1 : 

CLASS I VARIATION 1 B. POST. MISSING, SOME ANT. MISSING

CLASS I VARIATION 2 : 

CLASS I VARIATION 2 A. ANT. MISSING, POST. PRESENT

CLASS I VARIATION 2 : 

CLASS I VARIATION 2 B. ANT. MISSING, SOME POST. MISSING

CLASS II TOOTH-TISSUE BEARING : 

CLASS II TOOTH-TISSUE BEARING UNI / BILATERAL CASE NO TEETH POST. TO 1/ MORE SPANS MORE THAN 4 TEETH (CANINE) IN ONE OR MORE SPANS DIVISION 1: DIVISION 2:

CLASS II DIVISION 1:VARIATION 1 : 

CLASS II DIVISION 1:VARIATION 1 A. POST. MISSING, ANT. IN PLACE

CLASS II DIVISION 1:VARIATION 1 : 

CLASS II DIVISION 1:VARIATION 1 B. POST. MISSING, SOME ANT. MISSING

CLASS II DIVISION 1:VARIATION 2 : 

CLASS II DIVISION 1:VARIATION 2 A. NONE

CLASS II DIVISION 1:VARIATION 2 : 

CLASS II DIVISION 1:VARIATION 2 B. ANT. MISSING, SOME POST. MISSING

CLASS II DIVISION 2:VARIATION 1 : 

CLASS II DIVISION 2:VARIATION 1 A. NONE

CLASS II DIVISION 2:VARIATION 1 : 

CLASS II DIVISION 2:VARIATION 1 B. POST. MISSING, SOME ANT MISSING

CLASS II DIVISION 2:VARIATION 2 : 

CLASS II DIVISION 2:VARIATION 2 A. ANT. MISSING, POST. IN PLACE

CLASS II DIVISION 2:VARIATION 2 : 

CLASS II DIVISION 2:VARIATION 2 B. ANT. MISSING, SOME POST. MISSING

CLASS 3 TISSUE BEARING COMPLETE DENTURES : 

CLASS 3 TISSUE BEARING COMPLETE DENTURES

5. MAUK’S CLASSIFICATION : 

5. MAUK’S CLASSIFICATION IN 1942 NUMBER, LENGTH & POSITION OF EDENTULOUS SPACES NO. & POSITION OF REMAINING TEETH

CLASS I : 

CLASS I BILATERAL SPACE WITH NO TEETH POSTERIOR TO IT

CLASS II : 

CLASS II BILATERAL SPACE WITH TEETH PRESENT POST. TO ONE SPACE

CLASS III : 

CLASS III BILATERAL SPACE WITH TEETH PRESENT POST. TO BOTH SPACES

CLASS IV : 

CLASS IV UNILATERAL SPACE WITH NO TEETH POST. TO IT

CLASS V : 

CLASS V ANT. SPACE WITH UNBROKEN POSTERIOR ARCHES

CLASS VI : 

CLASS VI IRREGULAR SPACES AROUND THE ARCH (SINGLE/SMALL GROUPS)

6. WILD’S CLASSIFICATION : 

6. WILD’S CLASSIFICATION CLASS I : INTERRUPTION OF DENTAL ARCH (BOUNDED)

6. WILD’S CLASSIFICATION : 

6. WILD’S CLASSIFICATION CLASS II : SHORTENING OF DENTAL ARCH (FREE-END)

6. WILD’S CLASSIFICATION : 

6. WILD’S CLASSIFICATION CLASS III : COMBINATION OF I & II

7. GODFREY’S CLASSIFICATION : 

7. GODFREY’S CLASSIFICATION IN 1951, BASED ON LOCATION & SIZE OF EDEN. SPACES NO MODIFICATIONS

CLASS A : 

CLASS A TOOTH-BORNE DENTURE BASE IN THE ANT. PART OF MOUTH

CLASS B : 

CLASS B MUCOSA-BORNE DENTURE BASE IN ANT. REGION

CLASS C : 

CLASS C TOOTH-BORNE DENTURE BASE IN POST. PART OF MOUTH

CLASS D : 

CLASS D MUCOSA-BORNE DENTURE BASE IN POST. PART

8. FRIEDMAN’S : 

8. FRIEDMAN’S ‘ABC’ CLASSIFICATION IN 1953 A : ANTERIOR

8. FRIEDMAN’S : 

8. FRIEDMAN’S B : BOUNDED

8. FRIEDMAN’S : 

8. FRIEDMAN’S C : CANTILEVER

9. BECKETT1953 & WILSON’S1957 : 

9. BECKETT1953 & WILSON’S1957 AMT. OF SUPPORT PROVIDED BY TEETH & TISSUE(MUCOSA+BONE) A, QUALITY OF ABUTMENT SUPPORT B. MAGNITUDE OF OCCLUSAL SUPPORT C. HARMONY OF OCCLUSION D. QUALITY OF MUCOSA & RESIDUAL RIDGE

9. BECKETT & WILSON’S : 

9. BECKETT & WILSON’S CLASS I: BOUNDED SADDLE ABUTMENT TEETH QUALIFIED TO SUPPORT DENTURE

9. BECKETT & WILSON’S : 

9. BECKETT & WILSON’S CLASS II : FREE-END TOOTH & TISSUE TISSUE BORNE

9. BECKETT & WILSON’S : 

9. BECKETT & WILSON’S CLASS III : BOUNDED SADDLE ABUTMENT TEETH NOT SO QUALIFIED TO SUPPORT THE DENTURE

WILSON (1957) : 

WILSON (1957) MANDIBULAR KENNEDY’S CLASS III – SHOULD BE TREATED AS CLASS I BOUNDED SADDLE

WILSON (1957) : 

WILSON (1957) MAXILLARY KENNEDY’S CLASS III – SHOULD BE TREATED AS CLASS I / III FREE-END / BOUNDED SADDLE (NO PROPER SUPPORT)

10. CRADDOCK’S (1954) : 

10. CRADDOCK’S (1954) CLASS I : SADDLES SUPPORTED ON BOTH THE SIDES BY SUBSTANTIAL ABUTMENT TEETH

10. CRADDOCK’S : 

10. CRADDOCK’S CLASS II : VERT. –BITING FORCES APPLIED TO DENTURE RESISTED ENTIRELY BY SOFT TISSUE

10. CRADDOCK’S : 

10. CRADDOCK’S CLASS III : TOOTH SUPPORTED AT ONLY ONE END OF THE SADDLE

11. SKINNER’S1959 : 

11. SKINNER’S1959 INFLUENCED BY CUMMER’S CLASSIFICATION CLASS I : ABUTMENT PRESENT ANT. & POST. TO EDEN. SPACE

SKINNER’S CLASS II : 

SKINNER’S CLASS II ALL TEETH PRESENT POSTERIOR TO DENTURE BASE

SKINNER’S CLASS III : 

SKINNER’S CLASS III ALL TEETH ARE ANTERIOR TO DENTURE BASE

SKINNER’S CLASS IV : 

SKINNER’S CLASS IV DENTURE BASES ARE LOCATED ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR

SKINNER’S CLASS V : 

SKINNER’S CLASS V ABUTMENT ARE UNILATERAL I.R.T. DENTURE BASE

12. AUSTIN & LIDGE 1957 : 

12. AUSTIN & LIDGE 1957 CLASS A : MISSING ANTERIORS A1 A2 A Bi

12. AUSTIN & LIDGE : 

12. AUSTIN & LIDGE CLASS P : MISSING POSTERIORS P1 P2 P Bi

12. AUSTIN & LIDGE : 

12. AUSTIN & LIDGE CLASS AP : AP 1 AP 2 AP Bi

13. WATT et al 1958 : 

13. WATT et al 1958 ENTIRELY TOOTH BORNE

13. WATT et al : 

13. WATT et al ENTIRELY TISSUE BORNE

13. WATT : 

13. WATT PARTIALLY TOOTH- & PARTIALLY TISSUE-BORNE

14. APPLEGATE’S OR KENNEDY-APPLEGATE’S1960 : 

14. APPLEGATE’S OR KENNEDY-APPLEGATE’S1960 CLASS I : ALL REMAINING TEETH ANTERIOR TO BILATERAL EDEN. AREAS

APPLEGATE’S CLASS II : 

APPLEGATE’S CLASS II REMAINING TEETH (RIGHT / LEFT SIDE) ANTERIOR TO THE UNILATERAL EDEN. AREA

APPLEGATE’S CLASS III : 

APPLEGATE’S CLASS III EDEN. SPACE BOUNDED BY TEETH ANTERIORLY & POSTERIORLY

APPLEGATE’S CLASS IV : 

APPLEGATE’S CLASS IV EDEN. SPACE ANT. TO REMAINING TEETH, WHICH BOUND IT BOTH TO RT. & LT. OF MIDLINE

APPLEGATE’S CLASS V : 

APPLEGATE’S CLASS V SPACE BOUNDED BY TEETH AT ITS ANT. & POST TERMINALS DIFFERS FROM CLASS 3 (LONG SPAN WITH WEAK ANT. TEETH

APPLEGATE’S CLASS VI : 

APPLEGATE’S CLASS VI SAME AS CLASS 3 BUT RESTORATION CAN BE FABRICATED TO BE ENTIRELY TOOTH BORNE

FISET’S MODIFICATION : 

FISET’S MODIFICATION ADDED FOUR ADDITIONAL CLASSES TO KENNEDY-APPLEGATE’S AND MADE IT TOTAL OF TEN CLASSES

15. SWENSON’S : 

15. SWENSON’S SWENSON & TERKLA (1955) SIMILAR TO KENNEDY’S MODIFICATIONS ARE MORE SIMILAR

SWENSON’S CLASS I : 

SWENSON’S CLASS I ARCH WITH FREE-END DENT. BASE

SWENSON’S CLASS II : 

SWENSON’S CLASS II ARCH WITH 2 FREE-END DENT. BASES

SWENSON’S CLASS III : 

SWENSON’S CLASS III ARCH WITH AN EDEN. SPACE POST.ON ONE OR BOTH SIDES (BUT WITH TEETH PRESENT ANT. & POST.)

SWENSON’S CLASS IV : 

SWENSON’S CLASS IV ARCH WITH AN ANTERIOR EDN. SPACE WITH 5 OR MORE ANT. TEETH MISSING

SWENSON’S SUBDIVISIONS : 

SWENSON’S SUBDIVISIONS A : ANTERIOR

SWENSON’S SUBDIVISIONS : 

SWENSON’S SUBDIVISIONS P : POSTERIOR

SWENSON’S SUBDIVISIONS : 

SWENSON’S SUBDIVISIONS AP : ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR

16. AVANT’S CLASSIFICATION : 

16. AVANT’S CLASSIFICATION PROPOSED IN 1966 BASED ON ANT. & POST. SEGMENTS OF THE ARCH IT RESEMBLED KENNEDY’S CLASSIFICATION WITHOUT ANY IMPROVEMENTS

17. COSTA’S CLASSIFICATION : 

17. COSTA’S CLASSIFICATION PROPOSED IN 1974 IT WAS BASED ON THE ANTERIOR, LATERAL & TERMINAL SPACES

18. OSBORNE & LAMMIE’S : 

18. OSBORNE & LAMMIE’S SIMILAR TO WATT et al CLASS I : MUCOSA-BORNE

18. OSBORNE & LAMMIE’S : 

18. OSBORNE & LAMMIE’S CLASS II : TOOTH-BORNE

18. OSBORNE & LAMMIE’S : 

18. OSBORNE & LAMMIE’S CLASS III : COMBINATION OF MUCOSA-BORNE & TOOTH-BORNE