chapter 2, section 4 newest

Colonial Governments: 

Colonial Governments King James II wanted more control over English government, including the colonies. So he united northern colonies under one government called the Dominion of New England. Excellent

Colonial Governments: 

Colonial Governments Parliament leaders in England became upset with the King and his thirst for power, so they replaced the unpopular King James II. Parliament also passed the English Bill of Rights , which were written laws designed to reduce the power of the English Kings. The English Bill of Rights

Colonial Governments: 

Colonial Governments The English Bill of Rights officially listed the rights of English citizens, making it more difficult for the King of England do whatever he wanted, whenever he wanted. The King now had to respect the rights of the English people. Take that King. Those are my rights!

Colonial Governments: 

Colonial Governments The English Bill of Rights was also important because it influenced the future writers of the U.S. Constitution. The Constitution would be written many years later, after America broke free from Great Britain. Like the English Bill of Rights, the Constitution also has a part that lists the rights for the American people. (ex. Your right to freedom of religion & freedom of speech) The English Bill of Rights lists the rights of people who live in England The US Constitution lists the rights of the people who live in America

Colonial Governments: 

Colonial Governments Although each English colony in America had its own government, but the English king had ultimate authority over the colonies. Yes!

Colonial Governments: 

Colonial Governments The Governor served as head of the colonial government. Most governors were assisted by an advisory council. Some colonies had elected representatives.

Colonial Governments: 

Colonial Governments The town meeting was the center of New England political life. Its where many local matters and laws were discussed.

Colonial Governments: 

Colonial Governments Main Idea 1: Colonial governments were influenced by political changes in England.

English Trade Laws: 

English Trade Laws Earning money from trade was one of England’s reasons for founding and controlling the colonies. England practiced mercantilism which is a system of creating and maintaining wealth through controlled trade.

English Trade Laws: 

English Trade Laws Trade between the American colonies and Great Britain was not always direct. Trade between Britain and its colonies often took part on different types of triangular trade routes. Triangular Trade

English Trade Laws: 

English Trade Laws One version of the triangular trade brought Africans to America as slaves. The slave trade that brought millions of Africans across the Atlantic Ocean in a voyage is called the Middle Passage. This was a terrifying and deadly journey that could last as long as three months.

English Trade Laws: 

English Trade Laws Enslaved Africans lived in a space not even three feet high. Slave traders fit as many slaves as possible on board so they could earn greater profits. Thousands of captives died on slave ships during the Middle Passage. In many cases, they died from diseases such as smallpox. As farmers began to use fewer indentured servants, slaves became even more valuable.

English Trade Laws: 

English Trade Laws Main Idea 2: English trade laws limited free trade in the colonies.

Great Awakening and Enlightenment: 

Great Awakening and Enlightenment Great Awakening The Great Awakening —a religious movement that swept the colonies in the 1730s and 1740s —and spread the Christian religion. People went to religious revivals where they talked about religious, political and social issues. Enlightenment A movement in 1700s that spread the idea that reason and logic could improve society. It also spread new ideas about government. Books from Enlightenment authors influenced colonial leaders in America

Great Awakening and Enlightenment: 

Great Awakening and Enlightenment Many of the church sermons during the Great Awakening were about spiritual equality of all people – the idea that all people are equal in the eyes of God. This idea of spiritual equality made some colonists want more political equality too. Up to this point, people in the colonies did not have a lot of rights or political freedom.

Great Awakening and Enlightenment: 

Great Awakening and Enlightenment Enlightenment thinkers used logic and reason to form new ideas about how government should work. Many Enlightenment thinkers, like John Locke, believed that all people had natural rights like equality and liberty. This idea of equality became popular with many American colonists, especially leaders like Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson.

Great Awakening and Enlightenment: 

Great Awakening and Enlightenment As you can see, both the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening spoke about equality and led many Americans to want more equality in politics. Colonial Americans not only wanted equal treatment under the law, but also began to believe that they could do just as good of a job running the government in America as the people in England were doing.

Great Awakening and Enlightenment: 

Great Awakening and Enlightenment Main Idea 3: The Great Awakening and the Enlightenment led to ideas of political equality among many colonists. I have exercised the demons. This house is clear.

The French and Indian War: 

The French and Indian War France and Britain struggled for control of settlements in the Ohio River Valley in the late 1600s, eventually leading to war. Ohio River French Land

The French and Indian War: 

The French and Indian War The French and Indian War started in 1754 and lasted until 1763. British soldiers and American colonists fought the French and some of French Native American allies

The French and Indian War: 

The French and Indian War The Treaty of Paris ended the war. France received lands west of the Mississippi River. Britain got Canada and the land between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River. British land British land

The French and Indian War: 

The French and Indian War Colonial settlers, or pioneers, began to move west into the new land after the war. Indians led by Chief Pontiac attacked the new British settlements because he was angry about the new settlers In order to avoid conflict, King George III issued the Proclamation of 1763, which banned settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. British land

The French and Indian War: 

The French and Indian War Main Idea 4: The French and Indian War gave England control of more land in North America.

Great Britain Raises Taxes: 

Great Britain Raises Taxes Main Idea 1: British efforts to raise taxes on colonists sparked protest.

Great Britain Raises Taxes: 

Great Britain Raises Taxes Great Britain had to pay for the French and Indian War and for keeping troops in North America to protect the colonists. So, Parliament passed the Sugar Act in 1764 to tax colonists to make them help pay costs. The Sugar Act enforced a tax on the molasses from the British West Indies. Colonists used molasses for making rum.

Great Britain Raises Taxes: 

Great Britain Raises Taxes Parliament’s actions upset many colonists. Colonists believed there should be no taxes without representation in Parliament, and they did not wish to support a government in which they had no voice. “No taxation Read my lips. No new taxes without representation”

Great Britain Raises Taxes: 

Great Britain Raises Taxes Samuel Adams , a colonial leader, set up the Committees of Correspondence to protest. Always a good decision

Great Britain Raises Taxes: 

Great Britain Raises Taxes Britain passed the Stamp Act in 1765 forcing Colonists to pay for official stamp, or seal, on purchase of paper items Immediate protests were made by colonists.

Great Britain Raises Taxes: 

Great Britain Raises Taxes The Stamp Act was Parliament’s first attempt to raise money by taxing the colonists directly, rather than by taxing imported goods like molasses. The Sugar Act enforced a tax on the molasses from the British West Indies. Colonists used molasses for making rum.

Great Britain Raises Taxes: 

Great Britain Raises Taxes Groups like the Sons of Liberty sometimes used violence to protest the Stamp Act Colonies developed the Stamp Act Congress of 1765 which declared the tax a violation of colonial rights The Stamp Act was later repealed in 1766 The original nine stripes of this flag represented the nine colonies that convened the "Stamp Act Congress" in 1765.

Great Britain Raises Taxes: 

Great Britain Raises Taxes Britain later passed the Townshend Acts of 1767 that placed taxes on glass, lead, paints, paper, and tea Colonists boycotted British goods Sons of Liberty attacked customshouses British troops were sent in 1768 to enforce the laws

Boston Massacre: 

Boston Massacre Main Idea 2: The Boston Massacre caused colonial resentment toward Great Britain.

Boston Massacre: 

Boston Massacre A crowd gathered in Boston after a British soldier struck a colonist on March 5, 1770. Soldiers fired into the crowd, killing five (three died right away, two died later on), including Crispus Attucks. You shot me OK. Moving on. You shot me right in the arm. Why did

Boston Massacre: 

Boston Massacre The shootings were called the Boston Massacre by colonists. This caused more resentment against the British.

The Boston Tea Party: 

The Boston Tea Party Main Idea 3: Colonists protested the British tax on tea with the Boston Tea Party.

The Boston Tea Party: 

The Boston Tea Party Parliament passed the Tea Act in 1773 to allow the British East India Company to sell cheap tea to the colonists. Colonial merchants and smugglers were opposed to this.

The Boston Tea Party: 

The Boston Tea Party On December 16, 1773, colonists disguised as Indians attacked British tea ships and threw the tea overboard. The incident was called the Boston Tea Party.

The Intolerable Acts: 

The Intolerable Acts Main Idea 4: Great Britain responded to colonial actions by passing the Intolerable Acts, which further angered the colonists.

The Intolerable Acts: 

The Intolerable Acts Boston Harbor was closed. Massachusetts's charter was canceled. Royal officials accused of crimes would be sent to Great Britain for trial. General Thomas Gage was made the new governor of Massachusetts.