BIO 226Cross-sectional AnatomyHead & Neck :BIO 226Cross-sectional AnatomyHead & Neck presented by John Moore – Professor Parkland College


Structure list :Structure list CCA/ICA/ECA choroid plexus crista galli dens (odontoid process) esophagus external auditory meatus falx cerebri frontal sinus hard palate IHF - inter hemispheric fissure (a.k.a. - longitudinal fissure) IJV/EJV larynx MAC


Structure list (cont.) :Structure list (cont.) maxillary sinus nasal cavity nasal conchae (turbinates) nasal septum nasopharynx/oropharynx optic n. pituitary gland rectus mm. septum pellucidum spinal cord superior sagittal sinus thyroid gland trachea transverse foramen ventricles (lateral, 3rd., 4th.) vertebral a.


Slide 4:The head & neck region has several characteristics that make it difficult to comprehend, and several that make it easy. The major concept that adds difficulty is the amount of detail that is found in the head & neck regions. (As an example, the Dental Hygiene Program offers a complete course in Head & Neck Anatomy!!!!) Fortunately, for an introductory level course such as this, we will not be going into tremendous amounts of detail -- only basic reference structures.


Slide 5:The good news is that the head & neck have more symmetry than any other area of the body. This symmetry is not only useful for study purposes, but also for diagnostics. Generally, if you see something on one side of the head/neck, and you don’t see it on the other -- something is wrong somewhere.


Some of the “applied” anatomy concepts we will be covering during the head & neck segment will include: :Some of the “applied” anatomy concepts we will be covering during the head & neck segment will include: the concept of a “closed” cranial cavity blood supply to/from the head communication between intracranial and extra cranial blood systems blood supply of the brain itself a brief overview of the regions of the brain, and associated functions


Slide 7:Zygomatic arch Sternocleidomastoid m. Platysma m. Major landmarks


Slide 8:Sternothyroid m. Sternohyoid m. SCM Hyoid bone Scalene muscles R1 clavicle Thyroid carilage GENERAL NECK ANATOMY


Slide 9:sphenoid nasal maxilla zygomatic lacrimal ethmoid Perpendicular plate of ethmoid


: sphenoid frontal parietal temporal occipital external auditory meatus TMJ mastoid process ethmoid


Slide 11:Palatine (hard palate) Perpendicular plate Septal cartilage vomer Sphenoid sinus Sella turcica Cribriform plate of ethmoid Frontal sinus


Slide 12:Cribriform plate / ethmoid Sella turcica / sphenoid Crista galli / ethmoid Foramen magnum Anterior clinoid process Posterior clinoid process


Slide 13:Cribriform plate ETHMOID – FRONTAL VIEW Crista galli Perpendicular plate Middle nasal concha


Slide 14:Cribriform plate Crista galli Perpendicular plate


Slide 15:Ethmoid air cells Maxillary sinus Frontal sinus Sphenoidal sinus Paranasal sinuses


Slide 16:Paranasal sinuses Maxillary sinuses Ethmoid air cells Frontal sinus Spenoid sinus


Slide 17:Frontal sinus Perpendicular plate Maxilla


Slide 18:Ethmoid sinus


Slide 19:conchae Maxillary sinus


Slide 20:Frontal sinus Mastoid air cells


Slide 21:Sphenoid sinus MAC


Slide 22:Foramen magnum MAC


Slide 23:brain Pia mater Arachnoid mater Dura mater Subarachnoid space Subdural space MENINGES


Slide 24:parietal lobe occipital lobe cerebellum central sulcus (fissure) temporal lobe medulla pons brain stem frontal lobe BRAIN LOBES


Slide 25:spinal cord medulla oblongata pons cerebral aqueduct pituitary gland corpus callosum cerebellum 4th ventricle BRAIN LANDMARKS


Slide 26:Lateral ventricle 3rd ventricle 4th ventricle Frontal horn Occipital horn Temporal horn Cerebral aqueduct Foramen of Monro Ventricle system


Slide 27:POSTERIOR VIEW SUPERIOR VIEW 4th ventricle 4th ventricle Cerebral aqueduct Ventricle system


Slide 28:Superior sagittal sinus Transverse sinus Internal jugular vein Confluence of sinuses Straight sinus Sigmoid sinus Inferior sagittal sinus Falx cerebri venous sinuses


Slide 29:CIRCLE OF WILLIS Anterior cerebral artery Anterior communicating artery Middle cerebral artery Internal carotid artery Posterior communicating artery Posterior cerebral artery Basilar artery Vertebral artery


Slide 30:Longitudinal fissure S.S.S. Frontal bone


Slide 31:Falx cerebri Body of right lateral ventricle


Slide 32:Septum pellucidum Body of right lateral ventricle Choroid plexus


Slide 33:Anterior horn Left lateral ventricle


Slide 34:3rd ventricle thalamus


Slide 35:Frontal sinus 4th ventricle cerebellum cerebellum


Slide 36:pituitary Anterior clinoid Posterior clinoid


Slide 37:S.S.S. S.S.S. Longitudinal fissure skull scalp


Slide 38:Body of right lateral ventricle Corpus callosum


Slide 39:Right lateral ventricle Septum pellucidum


Slide 40:Anterior horn right lateral ventricle Posterior horn left lateral ventricle


Slide 41:Optic n. Cerebral aqueduct Globe of eye


Slide 42:pons 4th ventricle cerebellum cerebellum


Neck :Neck oropharynx nasopharynx laryngopharynx Vocal cords Sphenoid sinus Frontal sinus


Salivary Glands :Salivary Glands Sublingual Parotid Submandibular


Slide 45:Salivary gland system Parotid gland Accessory parotid gland Stenson’s duct Wharton’s duct Sublingual gland Submandibular gland


Slide 46:epiglottis hyoid Thyroid cart. Cricoid cart. Corniculate cart. Arytenoid cart. Laryngeal prominence trachea


Thyroid Gland :Thyroid Gland Right/left lobe Pyramidal lobe Location in neck Contains iodine


Slide 48:Pyramidal lobe isthmus Left lobe Right lobe trachea


Blood Vessels :Blood Vessels Arteries Right/left common carotid Right/left internal carotid Right/left external carotid Vertebral


Blood Vessels :Blood Vessels Veins Internal jugular – drains into subclavian External jugular – drains into subclavian


Slide 51:IJV pharynx SCM Spinal cord


Slide 52:epiglottis SCM Erector spinae m.


Slide 53:ECA ICA IJV


Slide 55:Hyoid bone


Slide 56:Submandibular salivary gland


Slide 57:Thyroid cartilage


Slide 58:WHERE IS THE ESOPHAGUS?


Slide 59:Notice differences in CCA/ICA/ECA on the two sides


Slide 61:Thyroid gland


Slide 63:trachea FINALLY – a good look at the esophagus!!!!


49 yo female with progressive weakness :49 yo female with progressive weakness


Slide 70:CT precontrast C