the sonnet types

THE SONNET:

THE SONNET TYPES AND CHARACTERISTICS

BACKGROUND:

BACKGROUND The sonnet originated in Sicily in the 13th Century with Giacomo da Lentino (1188-1240), a lawyer., who wrote his poems in the Sicilian dialect of Italian . Some authorities credit another Italian, Guittone d'Arezzo (1230-1294), with originating the sonnet. The English word "sonnet" comes from the Italian word " sonetto ," meaning "little song." Some early sonnets were set to music, with accompaniment provided by a lute. The Italian poet Petrarch (1304-1374), a Roman Catholic priest, popularized the sonnet more than two centuries before Shakespeare was born. Other popular Italian sonneteers were Dante Alighieri

Slide 3:

The sonnet form was introduced in England by Sir Thomas Wyatt (1503-1542) and Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (1517-1547). In Italy, England, and elsewhere between the 13th and early 16th Centuries, the most common theme of sonnets was love. Sonnets in later times also focused on religion, politics, and other concerns of the reading public.

TYPES:

TYPES SONNET Shakespearean Petrarchan

What are the lines about? Do they tell a story? Do they speak about feelings?:

What are the lines about? Do they tell a story? Do they speak about feelings? How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of Being and ideal Grace. When in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes I all alone beweep my outcast state, And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries, And look upon myself, and curse my fate, PETRARCHAN SHAKESPEAREAN LYRIC

How many lines do these sonnets have?:

How many lines do these sonnets have? PETRARCHAN When I consider how my light is spent Ere half my days in this dark world and wide, And that one talent which is death to hide Lodg'd with me useless, though my soul more bent To serve therewith my Maker, and present My true account, lest he returning chide, "Doth God exact day-labour, light denied?“ I fondly ask. But Patience, to prevent That murmur, soon replies: "God doth not need Either man's work or his own gifts: who best Bear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His state Is kingly; thousands at his bidding speed And post o'er land and ocean without rest: They also serve who only stand and wait." SHAKESPEAREAN Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines And often is his gold complexion dimmed And every fair from fair sometime declines By chance or nature's changing course untrimmed: But thy eternal summer shall not fade Nor lose possession of that fair thou 1ow'st Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee LYRIC 14 lines

How many syllables are there per line? Notice the stress pattern of the lines:

How many syllables are there per line? Notice the stress pattern of the lines How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of Being and ideal Grace. When in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes I all alone beweep my outcast state, And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries, And look upon myself, and curse my fate, PETRARCHAN SHAKESPEAREAN LYRIC 14 lines 10 syllables

How many syllables are there per line? What syllables have stress? U =unstressed; / =stressed:

How many syllables are there per line? What syllables have stress? U = unstressed ; / = stressed How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height When in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes I all alone beweep my outcast state, PETRARCHAN SHAKESPEAREAN LYRIC 14 lines 10 syllables U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U / U /

CHARACTERISTICS:

CHARACTERISTICS a lyric poem consisting of fourteen lines written in iambic pentameter An iamb is a metrical foot consisting of an unaccented syllable U followed by an accented syllable / . Pentameter means there are 5 iambs in the line 2 syllables x 5=10 syllables

PETRARCHAN:

PETRARCHAN

On His Blindness John Milton:

On His Blindness John Milton When I consider how my light is spent Ere half my days in this dark world and wide, And that one talent which is death to hide Lodg'd with me useless, though my soul more bent To serve therewith my Maker, and present My true account, lest he returning chide, "Doth God exact day-labour, light denied?" I fondly ask. But Patience, to prevent COUNT THE NUMBER OF LINES IDENTIFY THE RHYME SCHEME When I consider how my light is spent Ere half my days in this dark world and wide, And that one talent which is death to hide Lodg'd with me useless, though my soul more bent To serve therewith my Maker, and present My true account, lest he returning chide, "Doth God exact day-labour, light denied? "I fondly ask. But Patience, to prevent A B B A A B B A

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That murmur, soon replies: "God doth not need Either man's work or his own gifts: who best Bear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His state Is kingly; thousands at his bidding speed And post o'er land and ocean without rest: They also serve who only stand and wait." COUNT THE NUMBER OF LINES IDENTIFY THE RHYME SCHEME HOW ARE THE LINES DIVIDED? C E D C D E

Sonnet XLII Elizabeth Barrett Browning:

Sonnet XLII Elizabeth Barrett Browning How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of Being and ideal Grace. I love thee to the level of every day's Most quiet need, by sun and candlelight. I love thee freely, as men strive for Right; I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise. COUNT THE NUMBER OF LINES IDENTIFY THE RHYME SCHEME A B B A A B B A

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I love with a passion put to use In my old griefs , and with my childhood's faith. I love thee with a love I seemed to lose With my lost saints, -- I love thee with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life! -- and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death COUNT THE NUMBER OF LINES IDENTIFY THE RHYME SCHEME HOW ARE THE LINES DIVIDED? C C D D C D

RHYME scheme:

RHYME scheme Petrarchan (Italian) rhyme scheme: abba , abba , cd , cd , cd abba , abba , cde , cde

Thought structure:

Thought structure Octave/ sestet The octave, eight lines, presents a situation or idea. The sestet (sextet), six lines, responds, to the situation or idea in the octave.

SHAKESPEAREAN:

SHAKESPEAREAN

Slide 18:

When in disgrace with fortune and men's eyes I all alone beweep my outcast state, And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries , And look upon myself, and curse my fate, COUNT THE NUMBER OF LINES IDENTIFY THE RHYME SCHEME

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Wishing me like to one more rich in hope, Featured like him, like him with friends possessed, Desiring this man's art, and that man's scope, With what I most enjoy contented least ; COUNT THE NUMBER OF LINES IDENTIFY THE RHYME SCHEME

Slide 20:

Yet in these thoughts my self almost despising, Haply I think on thee, and then my state, Like to the lark at break of day arising From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven's gate; COUNT THE NUMBER OF LINES IDENTIFY THE RHYME SCHEME

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For thy sweet love remembered such wealth brings That then I scorn to change my state with kings. COUNT THE NUMBER OF LINES IDENTIFY THE RHYME SCHEME HOW ARE THE LINES DIVIDED?

RHYME scheme:

RHYME scheme Shakespearean (English, or Elizabethan) rime scheme: abab , cdcd , efef , gg

Thought structure:

Thought structure Quatrain, quatrain, quatrain, couplet Each quatrain, four lines, describes and idea or situation which leads to a conclusion or response in the couplet, two lines.

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SONNET VENN DIAGRAM SHAKESPEAREAN PETRARCHAN IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES BETWEEN PETRARCHAN AND SHAKESPEAREAN SONNETS