Indian agriculture system

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By: parsi3960 (11 month(s) ago)

thank you for the compliment as well as the advice

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Indian Agricultural System : 

Indian Agricultural System

India is basically an agricultural country : 

India is basically an agricultural country

Slide 4: 

Agriculture in India has a long history dating back to ten thousand years.

Today India produces more than 135 crops in different forms : 

Today India produces more than 135 crops in different forms

Food grains : 

Food grains

Fruits and nuts : 

Fruits and nuts

Fruits : 

Fruits

Vegetables : 

Vegetables

Seeds : 

Seeds

Spices : 

Spices

Spices : 

Spices

Tea and Coffee : 

Tea and Coffee

Tobacco : 

Tobacco

30o - 33o : 

30o - 33o Delhi West bengal Andra pradesh Tamil nadu Madhya pradesh Utter pradesh Goa Punjab Jammu& kashmir Wheat Coconut Rice chilly Tobacco Cotton Jute Tea Oil seed Cashew

27^-29^ : 

27^-29^ Orissa kerala Jarkhand Assam Chattisgarh Pondicherry Meghalaya Rajastan Gujarat Maharashtra Wheat Potato Groundnut Spices Sugarcane Maize Bazra Johar Barle

24^-26^ : 

24^-26^ Karnataka Himachal pradesh Mizoram Haryana Manipur Tripura Uttaranchal Nagaland Grapes Cashews Mangoes Vegetables Rice Apple Ragi

36^ : 

36^ Bihar Jute Rice Maize Potatoes

Past : 

Past

Slide 41: 

Instead of building canals, Indus civilization people may have built water diversion schemes, which like terrace agriculture can be elaborated by generations of small-scale labour investments.

Slide 42: 

It is known that Indus civilization people practiced rainfall harvesting, a powerful technology that was brought to fruition by classical Indian civilization but nearly forgotten in the 20th century.

Slide 43: 

At a recently discovered Indus civilization city in western India, archaeologists discovered a series of massive reservoirs, hewn from solid rock and designed to collect rainfall, that would have been capable

Slide 44: 

Shallow-well schemes and small surface-water projects, mainly ponds (called tanks in India), have been supported by government credit but were otherwise installed and operated by private entrepreneurs. Roughly 42 percent of the net irrigated area in 1990 was from surface water sources. Tanks, step wells, and tube wells provided another 51 percent; the rest came from other sources.

Future : 

Future ?

Agricultural achievements : 

Agricultural achievements

Slide 49: 

India is the largest producer in the world of milk, cashew nuts, coconuts, tea, ginger, turmeric and black pepper, and has the world’s largest cattle population (281 million).

Slide 50: 

It is the second largest producer of wheat, rice, sugar, groundnut and inland fish.

Slide 51: 

It is the third largest producer of tobacco. India accounts for 10% of the world fruit production with first rank in the production of banana and sapota

Slide 52: 

The low productivity in India is a result of the following factors

General socio-economic backwardness, slow progress in implementing land reforms and inadequate or inefficient finance and marketing services for farm produce. : 

General socio-economic backwardness, slow progress in implementing land reforms and inadequate or inefficient finance and marketing services for farm produce. Illiteracy

Inconsistent government policy. Agricultural subsidies and taxes often changed without notice for short term political ends. : 

Inconsistent government policy. Agricultural subsidies and taxes often changed without notice for short term political ends.

The average size of land: Holdings are very small (less than 20,000 m≤) and is subject to fragmentation, due to land ceiling acts and in some cases, family disputes : 

The average size of land: Holdings are very small (less than 20,000 m≤) and is subject to fragmentation, due to land ceiling acts and in some cases, family disputes

Age old agricultural practices:Adoption of modern agricultural practices and use of technology is inadequate : 

Age old agricultural practices:Adoption of modern agricultural practices and use of technology is inadequate

Irrigation facilities are inadequate: : 

Irrigation facilities are inadequate: Only 52% of the land is irrigated Monsoon Over pumping - drop in aquifer level

Slide 59: 

Over population: India’s population is growing faster than its ability to produce rice and wheat.

Why farmers are committing suicides? : 

Why farmers are committing suicides?

Slide 61: 

Bad choice of crop Water shortage Pesticide Debts

Agricultural sector's contribution to India : 

Agricultural sector's contribution to India

Slide 63: 

Agriculture contributes 16.6% of the GDP 52% of the employment is given by this sector

Sources : 

Sources www.Wikipedia.com www.weather.msn.com www.google.com