hernia

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Different hernia

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Hernia : 

Hernia Submitted by: Rabari Panna D. Semester : 7th Roll no : 55 Submitted To : Dr. P. V. Parikh Associate Professor Dept. of Surgery & Radiology Veterinary college, AAU Anand

Definition : 

Definition It is a protrusion of a organ or tissue through a rent beneath the skin All hernia do not have covering of skin Etiology 1) Predisposing Causes  Imperfect closer of an embryonic defect  Weakness of the abdominal wall 2) Exciting causes  Increase in the intra abdominal pressure  Direct violence due to falling on a blunt object

Parts of Hernia : 

Parts of Hernia Hernial ring ( R ) Hernial sac ( S ) Hernial content ( H )

Classification : 

Classification Usually classified as 1) Congenital : e.g. Umbilical Hernia 2) Acquired : e.g. Pelvic hernia, Diaphragmatic hernia, Ventral abdominal hernia  Based on location Umbilical hernia Scrotal hernia Inguinal hernia Ventral abdominal hernia Diaphragmatic hernia

 Based on Hernial content : 

 Based on Hernial content Enterocele ( Intestine) Epileplocele ( Omantum) Enteroepileplocele ( Omantum + Intestine) Gastrocele ( Stomach) Vesicocele ( Bladder) Hepatocele ( Liver) Hysterocele ( Uterus) Based on nature Reducible hernia Irreducible hernia Based on site Out side Inside

Pathophysiology of hernia : 

Pathophysiology of hernia Do not create any problem Intestine get torsion Content is incarcerated It is looking aesthetically Possible changes in hernia Adhesion Hydrocele of the sac Incarceration Torsion Strangulation

 Umbilical hernia : 

 Umbilical hernia Seen in umbilical region mostly in calves, pups, & foals If Hernial ring is about 1-2 finger small than wait for a month for the development of fibrosis If stage of hernia is initial than give a elliptical incision than take a Over lapping suture number 1cat gut for a large size calf 2/0 for a small animals Such animal are not selected for a breeding purpose because chances of genetically transmission

Umbilical hernia in Pups : 

Umbilical hernia in Pups

Umbilical hernia in calves : 

Umbilical hernia in calves

Umbilical hernia in Pig : 

Umbilical hernia in Pig

 Diaphragmatic Hernia : 

 Diaphragmatic Hernia It is only seen in buffalo High incidence is found in recently parturated or early pregnant animal Diaphragm of buffalo is more week and it mostly found at musculo tendentious junction of diaphragm Less incidence found in cattle and Bullock  Etiology: 1) Foreign body syndrome: like metals, non-metals, sharp or blunt objects, bolts, bared wire fencing Innate weakness of diaphragm  Auscultation : At right side at point of elbow found a splashing reticular sounds/ tingling sound indicate a D.H.

Development of Diaphragmatic hernia : 

Development of Diaphragmatic hernia

Diaphragmatic hernia in Foal : 

Diaphragmatic hernia in Foal

 Ventral hernia : 

 Ventral hernia seen in cow, buffalo and horses Occur due to the horn thrust or any injury

 Inguinal hernia : 

 Inguinal hernia This occur between two oblique muscle Also called as Pelvic hernia in animal

Inguinal hernia in horse : 

Inguinal hernia in horse

Inguinal hernia in Dog : 

Inguinal hernia in Dog

 Perineal hernia Definition : 

 Perineal hernia Definition It is a failure of muscular pelvic diaphragm to support the pelvic which stretches & deviates pelvic & occasionally abdominal content protrude between pelvic diaphragm & rectum In bilateral hernia subcutaneous swelling occur at ventral anus and caudally projection of anus More in dog and human Rare in cat, cows, ewes Sex: incidence are more in male than female It is seen at age 7-9 yrs in Boston terrior and10-14 yrs in Mongrels It is unilateral left side 59% ,right side 66% and bilateral 41% Reoccurrence occur 8 to 80% after 6-8 months 2-7 time greater in castrated than non castrated

Perineal hernia in Dog : 

Perineal hernia in Dog

Perineal hernia in Dog : 

Perineal hernia in Dog

Perineal hernia in Dog : 

Perineal hernia in Dog

Scrotal hernia : 

Scrotal hernia

Hiatal hernia : 

Hiatal hernia

Diagnosis : 

Diagnosis Palpation of Hernial ring Based on symptom Radiography Contras radiography Ultra sonography

Treatment : 

Treatment Apply elastoplasts bandage Application of blister Suturing pattern - Over lapping or vest over pant are mostly used Herniorraphy : Closer of hernial ring Hernioplasty : When hernial ring is enlarge not possible to close than closed with prosthesis mesh and closing is known 3 techniques of Hernioplasty 1) In lay hernioplasty 2) On lay hernioplasty 3) Reinforcement hernioplasty

Contrast radiography of cat in D.H. : 

Contrast radiography of cat in D.H.

Contrast radiography : 

Contrast radiography Perineal hernia bladder malposition Perineal hernia after removal of bladder

Herniorraphy : 

Herniorraphy 4 month calf born with a hernia Sheep closing of hernial ring

Hernioplasty : 

Hernioplasty

Thank You : 

Thank You