Health Talk- CSSI 88-93 Set

Health Talk:

Health Talk By Aiyegbo Opeyemi

Outline:

Outline Definition Of Health Determinants Of Health Magnitude Of The Problem Two(2) Scourges In Our Society Stress Overweight Combating The Scourge Conclusions Questions & Contributions

Definition Of Health:

Definition Of Health “A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” World Health Organization

Determinants Of Health:

Determinants Of Health Health is a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; Both individual and population health is determined by the following factors: Physical:- Sun, Climate, Environmental topography Biological:- Maybe inherent or acquired. Includes micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa etc Behavioural Social Cultural

Magnitude Of The Problem In Nigeria:

Magnitude Of The Problem In Nigeria Life Expectancy At Birth (2008) Male 49years Female 49years Life Expectancy At Birth (2010) Male 47years Female 48years Adult Mortality Rate(probability of dying between the age 15-60years per 1000 population in 2008) Male 434 Female 399

2 Modern Scourges In Our Society:

2 Modern Scourges In Our Society

Stress:

Stress Stress is defined as an external cue that threaten the equilibrium of an individual Where stress enhances function (physical or mental) it may be considered Good Stress . However, if stress persists and is of excessive degree, it is Bad Stress. This will eventually lead to an anxious or depressive behavior

Slide 8:

The Person THAT PERSON’S FEELING ABOUT THOSE DEMANDS THEIR ABILITY TO COPE WITH THOSE DEMANDS

Common Stress Factors:

Common Stress Factors Sensory: pain, bright light Life events: birth and deaths, marriage and divorce Responsibilities: lack of money, unemployment Work/study: exams, Attending an interview, project deadlines Personal relationships: conflict, deception Lifestyle: heavy drinking, insufficient sleep Early life exposure (e.g. child abuse) can permanently alter an individual's stress response

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Signs And Symptoms That A Person Undergoing Stress Might Experience

Emotional symptoms: How stress makes you feel:

Emotional symptoms: How stress makes you feel Moody and hypersensitive. Restlessness and anxiety. Depression. Anger and resentment. Easily irritated and on edge. Lack of confidence. Apathy.

Intellectual symptoms: How stress affect your mind:

Intellectual symptoms: How stress affect your mind Memory problems. Difficulty making decisions. Inability to concentrate. Confusion. Seeing only the negative. Repetitive or racing thoughts. Poor judgment. Desire to escape or run away.

Physical symptoms: How stress affects your body:

Physical symptoms: How stress affects your body Headaches. Digestive problems. Muscle tension and pain. Sleep disturbances. Fatigue. Chest pain, irregular heartbeat. Weight gain or loss. Decreased sex drive.

Behavioral symptoms: How stress can affect your behavior:

Behavioral symptoms: How stress can affect your behavior Eating more or less. Isolating yourself from others. Neglecting your responsibilities. Increasing alcohol and drug use. Nervous habits (e.g. nail biting, pacing). Teeth grinding or jaw clenching. Overdoing activities such as exercising or shopping. Losing your temper. Overreacting to unexpected problems .

Unhealthy Ways Of Coping With Stress:

Unhealthy Ways Of Coping With Stress These coping strategies may temporarily reduce stress, but they cause more damage in the long run: Smoking Drinking too much Overeating or under-eating Zoning out for hours in front of the TV or computer Withdrawing from friends, family, and activities Using pills or drugs to relax Sleeping too much Procrastinating Filling up every minute of the day to avoid facing problems Taking out your stress on others (lashing out, angry outbursts, physical violence)

Overweight:

Overweight Is generally defined as having more body fat than is optimally healthy. Excess weight has reached epidemic proportions globally, with more than 1 billion adults being either overweight or obese Increases have been observed across all age groups.

Overweight:

Overweight There is no ideal specific weight for anybody because of HEIGHT and FRAME but an ideal weight range can be obtained. An equation exists that takes height and weight into consideration; it makes it more precise than relying on scales alone.

Body Mass Index:

Body Mass Index This is represented by the formula: BMI = Weight (Kg) { Height (m)} 2 CATEGORY BMI RANGE (kg/m 2 ) Underweight 16.0-18.5 Normal 18.5-25.0 Overweight 25.0-30.0 Obese 30.0-40.0 Dan gerously Obese >40.0

Causes:

Causes Being overweight is generally caused by the intake of more calories (by eating) than are expended by the body (by exercise and everyday living). Factors which may contribute to this imbalance include: Alcoholism Eating disorders (such as binge eating, overeating) Genetic predisposition Hormonal imbalances (e.g. hypothyroidism) Insufficient or poor-quality sleep Limited physical exercise and sedentary lifestyle Psychotropic medication (e.g. olanzapine) Smoking cessation and other stimulant withdrawal Stress

Health Problems Linked To Stress & Overweight:

Health Problems Linked To Stress & Overweight Heart attack Hypertension Stroke Cancer Diabetes Depression Obesity Eating disorders Substance abuse Ulcers Irritable bowel syndrome Memory loss Autoimmune diseases (e.g. lupus) Insomnia Infertility

Management Strategy:

Management Strategy The main management strategy of combating these scourges is to adopt a healthy lifestyle , using the mnemonics “GREET” . G et enough sleep R educe Caffeine, Sugar and Alcohol E ating a healthy diet E xercising regularly T erminating the use of cigarrettes and drugs

Getting Enough Sleep:

Getting Enough Sleep This is in the range of 7-8hours in adults(compared with 9-10hours in adolescence) Benefits Improved immune system Better wound healing capability Conserves and boosts up energy levels Improves working memory

Eating A Healthy Diet:

Eating A Healthy Diet Fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes and nuts are very important in diet Foods of animal origin should be minimized or avoided by adults eg Eggs, Red meat, Milk & Dairy products(Whole Milk is not recommended) Processed foods including empty calorie drinks should be avoided by all, including children

Exercising Regularly:

Exercising Regularly W.H.O recommends at least 30 minutes of regular, physical activity of moderate intensity (walking) for 5 days per week. This is for everyone. People who want to lose weight will have to do more than this. 1.6km walked or 8.05km on a bike Burns 100 calories. Five(5) Miles everyday + avoid eating extra like before = Losing ½ a kilogramme a week! Taking up a sport who love participating in eg Football, Basketball, Swimming

Healthy Ways Of Relaxing:

Healthy Ways Of Relaxing Go for a walk. Spend time in nature. Call a good friend. Sweat out tension with a good workout. Write in your journal. Take a long bath. Light scented candles Savor a warm cup of coffee or tea. Play with a pet. Work in your garden. Get a massage. Curl up with a good book. Listen to music. Watch a comedy Don’t get so caught up in the hustle and bustle of life that you forget to take care of your own needs. Nurturing yourself is a necessity, not a luxury.

Conclusion:

Conclusion

Questions & Contributions:

Questions & Contributions