READING SKILLS

READING SKILLS: 

READING SKILLS BY: KAK ENHA ( Nur Hidayat WM,S.Pd )

Common Tips (1):: 

Common Tips (1): Read the questions first Recognize the type of each question Read the text to find the answer by using an appropriate way/strategy Remember! Each type of the questions has its own way/strategy to find the answer

Common tips (2):: 

Common tips (2): Do not read the entire passage before you start answering the questions. Read the first sentence of each paragraph and the last sentence in the passage to get general comprehension Answer the questions based on the following order ! Click here

To start answering the questions, follow the order below:: 

To start answering the questions, follow the order below: All vocabulary questions All questions that ask reference of pronoun All questions that ask for specific information All questions that ask the transitions part of the passage All questions that ask about the topic or main idea All questions with EXCEPT and NOT All questions with IMPLY and INFER

The strategies to answer the questions:: 

The strategies to answer the questions : Recognizing the topic Topic is one thing that most sentences talk about The strategy: Find out in the passage the word(s) that most frequently repeated Choose the answer that contains that word(s) or has similar meaning with the word(s)

Example:: 

Example: The trunk is the elephant’s peculiar feature, and it has various uses. The elephant draws up water by its trunk and can squirt it all over its body like a shower bath. It can also lift leaves and puts them into its mouth. In fact the trunk serves the elephant as a long arm and hand. An elephant looks very clumsy and heavy and yet it can move very quickly. The topic of the text is : The trunk of the elephant and its uses

The strategies to answer the questions: 

The strategies to answer the questions Recognizing the main idea Main idea is one sentence that tells what all sentences say about the topic It can be put in the beginning, in the middle, or in the end of a paragraph. It is sometimes implied (not stated directly) The strategy: Read the first two sentences of a paragraph Read the last sentence of the paragraph Based on those sentences, determine what the most important thing the author is saying

Example:: 

Example: There are many ways to improve your vocabulary. One way is to read fiction in English. Novels and stories often contains new words. It is not difficult to understand these new words because you usually guess their meaning. An interesting story will help you to understand the new words because the meaning of the new words are parts of the meaning of the story. The main idea of the text is : One way to improve vocabulary is to read fiction

The strategies to answer the questions: 

The strategies to answer the questions Finding specific information This kind of question usually begins with WH-questions, such as who, what, which, when, why, etc The strategy: First, choose the keyword(s) in the question Find the keyword(s) in the passage Read the sentence(s) in the passage that contains the keyword(s) The answer is usually found in the sentence(s) containing the keyword(s)

Example:: 

Example: Many Muslim women view the veil as a means to protect their modesty and privacy. Just as we would not force any women to be seen in public in her underwear if she did not feel comfortable doing so, why should a woman be forced to show her hair if she does not want to? Modesty is a personal judgment call; some are comfortable in the smallest bikini while others prefer a lot more clothing. No one but the woman herself should make that decision. What is the function of the Muslim women’s head coverings? To protect their modesty and privacy

The strategies to answer the questions: 

The strategies to answer the questions Finding the reference of pronoun The examples of pronoun: they, we, I, you, he, it, etc Pronoun always refers to a noun The strategy: Find the pronoun which is asked in the passage Read the previous sentence Decide which noun(s) in the previous sentence as the antecedent ( acuan ) of the pronoun

Example:: 

Example: According to scientists, volcanic eruptions are divided into four basic groups. They are commonly known as Hawaiian, Strombolian , Vulcanian and Peleean . Paleean eruptions are famous as the most violent kind of volcanic eruptions. The name of Paleean comes from the eruption of Mount Pelee , Martinique in 1902. It killed almost 38 thousand people. A Peleean eruption occurs when the magmatic gas build up tremendous pressure. This causes violent explosions with glowing clouds of hot ash and dust. The word ‘it’ in line 6 refers to ________________________ The eruption of Mount Pelee

The strategies to answer the questions: 

The strategies to answer the questions Finding the meaning of a word The strategy: Find the word in the passage (in which sentence?) Read and try to understand the meaning of the whole sentence that contain the word Guess the meaning of the word based on the meaning of the whole sentence.

Example:: 

Example: When oil companies were exploring parts of the Sahara looking for oil, abundant supplies of water were discovered under the desert. Most of the water settled underground during the thousands of years when the Sahara was still fertile. The problem was how to bring this underground water to the surface. The word ‘abundant’ is synonym with ___________ A. huge C. large E. sufficient B. Plentiful D. great X

The strategies to answer the questions: 

The strategies to answer the questions Making inference Imagine that you are in a friend’s house. It is 11:oo p.m. and your host starts to look at his watch and yawn out loud. Although he never actually tells you to leave, he implies and you infer that it is time for you to go home. The strategy: Choose word(s) in the question as the keyword Find the keyword(s) in the passage. Read the sentence(s) containing the keyword carefully Choose one option related to the idea stated in the sentence

Example:: 

Example: Most Hawaiians speak English, but it is quite common to hear English that is liberally spiced with words and expressions from the traditional language of the culture. A visitor may be greeted with the expression aloha and may be referred to as malihini because he is a newcomer to the island. The visitor may attend an outside luau where everyone eats too much and may be invited afterwards to dance the hula . It can be inferred from the passage that luau is _____ A. a dance C. a feast E. a ceremony B. a concert D. a language X

The strategies to answer the questions: 

The strategies to answer the questions Finding the transition parts of a passage There are two kinds of transitions questions Asking the preceding part of a passage Asking the following part of a passage The strategy: Read the first line of the passage for question asking the preceding part Read the last line for question asking the following part Choose the answer that is related to the idea stated in the first/last line of a passage

Example:: 

Example: Another program instrumental in the popularization of science was Cosmos . This series broadcast on public television, dealt with topics and issues from varied fields of science. The principal writer and narrator of the program was Carl Sagan, a noted astronomer and Pulitzer Prize-winning author. The paragraph following the passage most likely contains information on ______________ A. The popularity of science B. The astronomer Carl Sagan C. Topics and issues from various field of science D. List of people winning Pulitzer Prize X

Slide 19: 

Thank you …