nepal

TRAVEL GUIDELINE: 

TRAVEL GUIDELINE Nannette Benincasa NUR 408 October 3, 2011 S. Wheeler MSN, RN

INTRODUCTION: 

INTRODUCTION Nepal is an exotic and desirable destination for hardy travelers who enjoy hiking, mountain climbing in the Himalayas, and adventure .

Requirements for Travel to NEPAL: 

Requirements for Travel to NEPAL Nepal does not require specific immunizations for visitors Exception : Yellow fever required for travelers coming from YFV high risk country such as Sub-Saharan Africa or Tropical America Nepalese government recommends foreign travelers obtain vaccines for Typhoid Hepatitis A & B

Immunizations : 

Immunizations Although not required for travel to Nepal, the following immunizations are recommended by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC): Polio Malaria Hepatitis A and B Typhoid JE (Japanese encephalitis) MMR if born after 1956 Influenza Td, Tdap every 10 years Measles (MMRV) (2 doses separated by > 28 days Rabies

Safety and Security: 

Safety and Security Injury Parasites Health considerations Maoists High altitude sickness Water sanitation/Diarrheal disease Airborne infections/dusty city streets Access to medical services/Insurance Rabies from stray dogs & temple monkeys (Shlim, 2011)

Indigenous Disease: 

Indigenous Disease Nepal has the poorest drinking water and sanitation for it’s population in South Asia: Water borne faecal coliforms Diarrheal Intestinal worms Gastritis Jaundice Typhoid Polio Japanese encephalitis

Risk for Contracting Disease Prevalent in Nepal: 

Risk for Contracting Disease Prevalent in Nepal Water borne and respiratory disease Rabies Typhoid Malaria JE TB

Conclusion: 

Conclusion Immunizations are one piece of the puzzle that comprises protection from contagious and transmittable disease when traveling Good hygienic measures, post exposure prophylaxis, and knowledge about the destination complete the picture. Travel to undeveloped countries is more risky than travel to industrialized nations Developing an avoidable illness adds to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) as well as threatens to undermine ones’ good health. Simple practices prevent most disease: Washing, boiling, peeling, and cooking food and fluid. Masks in dusty areas of Kathmandu valley Hand washing and sanitization Vigilance Bon Voyage!

References: 

References CDC Health Advisory (June 22, 2011). Retrieved from http://www.bt.cdc.gov/HAN/han00323.asp Fiebelkorn, A., Uzicanin, A. ( July 1, 2011). Chapter 3: Measles (Rubeola). Retrieved from http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2012 Kattel, D., (June 11, 2007).Winrock International: Nepal country environmental analysis. Part 1 Environmental sector review Retrieved from WASH news and features Nepal.(2011). Kroger, A., Atkinson, W., (July 1,2011). General recommendations for vaccination &immunoprophylaxis. Retrieved from http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2012/Chapter 2 . Mackel, S., (July 1, 2011) Vaccine recommendations for infants and children. Retrieved from wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2012

References: 

References Nepal (2011). Retrieved from MD Travel Health. Retrieved from http://www.mdtravelhealth.com/destinations/asia/nepal.php Schlim, D. (July 1, 2011). Chapter 4, Nepal: Destination overview. Retrieved from http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2012 Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J.,(2008). Public health nursing: Population- centered health care in the community (7 th ed.). St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier Traveling in Nepal (2011). Retrieved from http://nepalvista.com/nepal.htnl#7 Update on the global status of Polio. (Sept. 29, 2011). Retrieved from http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel news/polio-outbreaks.htm