UK Counter Terrorism Strategy

London July 2005UK CT Strategy : 

London July 2005UK CT Strategy Keith Weston QPM MA Deputy Director Security & Resilience Group

Content : 

Content UK Security & Intelligence Agencies UK Counter Terrorism Structure CONTEST & July 2005

UK Security & Intelligence Agencies : 

UK Security & Intelligence Agencies

SECURITY SERVICE(MI5) : 

SECURITY SERVICE(MI5) Thames House Operational V Branch G Branch Support A Branch H Branch

SECRET INTELLIGENCE SERVICE (SIS/MI6) : 

SECRET INTELLIGENCE SERVICE (SIS/MI6) Vauxhall Cross Overseas Stations RIRA Rocket Attack (10/2000)

GOVERNMENT COMMUNICATIONS HEADQUARTERS (GCHQ) : 

GOVERNMENT COMMUNICATIONS HEADQUARTERS (GCHQ) Cheltenham SigInt

Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre JTAC : 

Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre JTAC UK’s Centre of Excellence on the threat from international terrorism Thematic Regional STAG Customer Liaison

CENTRE FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE - CPNI : 

CENTRE FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE - CPNI Created from merger of the National Security Advice Centre (NSAC) and the National Infrastructure Security Co-ordination Centre (NISCC). Aim: to reduce the vulnerability of the critical national infrastructure to terrorism and other threats

CPNI : 

CPNI CNI: communications, emergency services, energy, finance, food, government, health, transport and water sector, (ie those key elements of the national infrastructure which are crucial to the continued delivery of essential services to the UK). Threat-based security advice –National Counter Terrorism Security Office (NaCTSO) Police Retail/Commercial

SPECIAL BRANCH – 2003 REVIEW : 

HMIC THEMATIC ‘A NEED TO KNOW’ NATIONAL CO-ORDINATOR OF SB REGIONALISATION Regional Intelligence Cells Regional Support Units SPECIAL BRANCH – 2003 REVIEW

Counter Terrorism Command : 

Counter Terrorism Command New Scotland Yard National Coordinator DAC Peter Clarke To bring to justice those engaged in terrorist, domestic extremist and related offences To provide a proactive and reactive response to terrorist, domestic extremist and related offences, including the prevention and disruption of terrorist activity Support the National Co-ordinator of Terrorist Investigations outside London To gather and exploit intelligence on terrorism and extremism in London To assess, analyse and develop intelligence to drive operational activity

Counter Terrorism Command : 

To engage in partnership with London’s communities in order to understand their concerns and to provide reassurance and support where needed To provide specialist security advice and services internally and externally To provide an explosive ordnance disposal and CBRN capability in London To assist the British Security Service and Secret Intelligence Service in fulfilling their statutory roles To be the police single point of contact for international partners in counter-terrorism matters Assisting in the protection of British interests overseas and the investigation of attacks against those interests Counter Terrorism Command

UK Counter Terrorism Structure : 

UK Counter Terrorism Structure

UK Counter Terrorism StructurePOLICY : 

UK Counter Terrorism StructurePOLICY Home Office – ‘Office for Security and Counter-Terrorism’ Association of Chief Police Officers’ Terrorism and Allied Matters Committee – ACPO(TAM) National Coordinator of Terrorist Investigations National Coordinator of Special Branch

UK Counter Terrorism StructureOPERATIONAL : 

Cabinet Office Briefing Room ‘A’ (COBRA) Chief Constable/Commissioner of police geographical area(s) National Coordinator of Terrorist Investigations Executive Liaison Group Incident Commander(s) Senior Investigating Officer UK Counter Terrorism StructureOPERATIONAL

CONTEST & July 2005 : 

CONTEST & July 2005

CONTEST : 

CONTEST PREVENT terrorism by tackling its underlying causes - violent radicalisation PURSUE terrorists and those that sponsor them- intelligence & investigation PREPARE for the consequences. Improve our resilience to cope with attacks and other major disruptive challenges. TO REDUCE VULNERABILITY TO REDUCE THE RISK TO REDUCE THE THREAT PROTECT the public and UK interests. Provide harder targets at home and abroad through better protective security.

The Aim of CONTEST : 

“To reduce the risk from International Terrorism so that our people can go about their business freely and with confidence” The Aim of CONTEST

Intention : 

Intention To create a hostile environment for terrorists Leading to a safer environment for the Community By the early identification of Threats Vulnerabilities Risks Which will Enhance security Ensure effective response and Assist rapid restoration to normality

11TH SEPT 2001 : 

11TH SEPT 2001 URGENT NEED FOR A COMPLETE REVIEW OF CONTINGENCY PLANNING

PRE-11TH SEPTEMBER 2001 : 

PRE-11TH SEPTEMBER 2001 Joint operations between police & Security Service designed to arrest active terrorists Reliance on intelligence Targeted action to disrupt/detect/deter terrorist activity Post-event investigations - emphasis on forensic evidence Community reassurance & publicity campaigns

11TH SEPT 2001 : 

11TH SEPT 2001 Suicide terrorists ‘No Notice’ attacks Mass casualties/fatalities Multiple/Simultaneous incidents CBRN threat

POST-11TH SEPT 2001 : 

POST-11TH SEPT 2001 Joint operations between police & Security Service Dearth of intelligence Targeted action to disrupt/detect/deter terrorist activity Post-event investigations - outside the UK - emphasis on forensic evidence Review of Counter-Terrorist Strategy Need to reassure Community & review publicity campaigns

INTELLIGENCE : 

INTELLIGENCE Intelligence led operations prior to July 2005: Operation Crevice (Ammonium Nitrate) Operation Rhyme (Hostile Reconnaissance) The Second “Shoe Bomber” conviction (Sajid Badat) The “Ricin Plot” conviction (Murder of DC Oake) It has been acknowledged that there was no specific intelligence relating to the July attacks

London July 2005 : 

London July 2005

CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS 7 JULY : 

CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS 7 JULY 8.50am- Three almost simultaneous explosions on the London Underground Aldgate/Liverpool Street Edgware Road Russell Square/Kings Cross 9.47am- Explosion on No 30 bus Tavistock Place/Russell Square 56 Fatalities – including 4 bombers

CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS 21 JULY : 

Between 12.40pm and 1.10pm 4 men attempted to detonate improvised explosive devices (IEDs) at: Warren Street, Shepherd’s Bush and The Oval Underground Stations No. 26 bus on Hackney Road No fatalities CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS 21 JULY

PREPARE for the consequences.Improve our resilience to cope with attacks : 

Implemented existing and well exercised contingency plans with key partners: Metropolitan Police Service City of London Police British Transport Police London Fire Brigade, London Ambulance Service, Hospitals Established a purpose built temporary mortuary Established a contact and help point for victims’ families PREPARE for the consequences.Improve our resilience to cope with attacks

PURSUE terrorists and those that sponsor them : 

Immediately after dealing with the consequences the Pursue strand takes precedence 7/7 Attacks- 4 suspected suicide bombers predominantly second generation British nationals from/linked to West Yorkshire 21/7 Attacks- 5 suspects all in custody (one device was found intact) relatively recent immigrants of predominantly East African origin PURSUE terrorists and those that sponsor them

PROTECT the public and UK interests. : 

Closely allied to PURSUE is the PROTECT strand Approximately 17000 uniformed officers deployed between 9th July and 21st August 2005 Some 585 Police Support Units (PSUs) were deployed PSU comprises 1 Inspector, 3 Sergeants & 21 Constables (post 21/7 increased to 5 Sergeants & 35 Constables) On 28th July alone there were approximately 6000 officers deployed to train, underground and bus stations PROTECT the public and UK interests.

PREVENT terrorism by tackling its underlying causes. : 

Closely allied to the PROTECT strand is PREVENT strand Key Message: To highlight that the terrorist acts were carried out by a very small criminal element within the community Range of activities to ensure that the Muslim community does not become demonised or held to blame Police met community leaders and supported work undertaken by: Prime Minister, Home Office, Mayor of London PREVENT terrorism by tackling its underlying causes.

OUTCOME : 

OUTCOME 7 July 2005 Coordinated Emergency Service response Major Incident Plans Preservation of Evidence at Crime Scenes Identification of Terrorist Initiated Bombs Use of CCTV Identification of Terrorists’ vehicles & ‘Bomb Factory’ Arrest & charge of Terrorists’ associates 21 July 2005 Coordinated Emergency Service response Major Incident Plans Preservation of Evidence at Crime Scenes Identification of Terrorist Initiated Bombs (Failed) Use of CCTV Identification of Terrorists’ addresses Arrest & conviction of Terrorists & associates

CCTV : 

CCTV

LESSONS : 

Terrorists are ‘Home Grown’ Terrorists are a minority The wider Muslim Community (supports/does not oppose) Government and Police action Still need more information on ‘Violent Radicalisation Process’ LESSONS

LESSONS : 

LESSONS Counter Terrorist and Consequence Management exercises to test preparedness Harnessing the energies of business, commerce security organisations and academia Coordinated endeavour in support of the National Counter Terrorist Strategy Enhanced support to the Community

Countering the Threat : 

Coordinated intelligence effort which is timely & accurate High operational tempo & mental agility Flexible post-event response designed for rapid implementation Robust media strategy Leadership resilience Community reassurance and confidence Genuine multi-agency response Rapid restoration to normality Countering the Threat

Vulnerabilities : 

Technology Information Systems Time Liberal Democracy Public Opinion Rule of Laws Casualty Aversion Urban Warfare Target Rich Vulnerabilities

Current Concerns : 

Current Concerns The management of complacency Engendering Public understanding: Long-term menace A range of danger The vital necessity of sustained, inclusive team-work

Questions? : 

Questions?