Agriculture - Importance and Productivity

Agricultiure in India – Importance and Productivity: 

Agricultiure in India – Importance and Productivity

Importance: 

Importance Contribution to national income Increase in employment Supply of wage goods Increase in employment Agriculture and industry Agriculture and foreign trade Role in internal trade Agriculture and transport

Contd…: 

Contd… Income to Govt Capital formation Source of saving Basis of economic development Social and political importance International importance

Agricultural Production: 

Agricultural Production 5 year plans Cereals Pulses Rice Wheat Avg Growth rate (%) 6 th (1980 – 85) 1,340 122 586 442 6.3 7 th (1985 – 90) 1,580 126 741 497 3.5 8 th (1992 – 97) 1,844 146 813 693 3.4 9 th (1997 – 02) 1,996 133 933 728 2.1 10 th (2002 – 07) 2,031 142 933 758 2.5 11 th (2007 – 08) 2,156 151 964 784 5.7 11 th (2008 – 09) 2,192 147 992 806 2.3 Trends in production of food grains ( Lakh Tonnes ) Source : Economic survey 2009 – 10, Agricultural Census 2009)

PowerPoint Presentation: 

Trends in Production of Commercial Crops Period Cotton ( Lakh bales) Jute ( Lakh bales) Sugarcane ( Lakh tonnes ) Oilseeds ( Lakh tonnes ) 1990 -91 98 92 2,140 186 2000 -01 95 93 2,960 184 2006 - 07 226 113 3,555 243 2007- 08 258 112 3,406 288 2008 - 09 232 104 2,892 282 Source : Economic survey 2009 – 10, Agricultural Census 2009)

Observations regarding productivity: 

Observations regarding productivity Agricultural production in India can be divided into two parts – Food Crops and Non – Food Crops The following conclusions can be made regarding production of FOOD CROPS and NON FOOD CROPS Increase in production – production of cereals has increased 4.7 times in the last 59 years, of pulses almost doubled, of rice 4.4 times, of wheat 12.5 times. In 1949 – 50 food grain production was 549 lakh tonnes , in 2008 – 09 it increased to 2,339 lakh tonnes . Lot of variation has been observed in agricultural productivity. Growth rate was positive in some plans and negative in others.

PowerPoint Presentation: 

Rainfall or weather plays an important role in the production of food grains in India. 57% of Indian agriculture is rain fed Lot of regional disparities have been observed in agriculture because the production is not uniform in all states. It is high in states like Punjab, Haryana, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. But it is very low in states like Bihar, Orissa etc. The production of commercial crops has increased considerably. Cotton production has risen by more than 7 times, jute by 3 times, sugarcane and oil more than 5 times. Significant contribution of commercial crops in exports. During 2008-09, exports of oil cakes worth Rs 10,269 Cr, tobacco worth Rs 3,461 Cr, jute worth Rs 1,337 Cr, tea worth Rs 2,689 Cr and coffee worth Rs 2,256 Cr were made.

Average growth rate of production: 

Average growth rate of production Plan Growth rate (% per annum) Seventh plan 3.2 Annual plan (1990 – 92) 1.3 Eighth plan 4.7 Ninth plan 2.1 Tenth plan 2.5 Eleventh plan (2007 – 08) 4.5 Eleventh plan (2008 – 09) 1.6 Eleventh plan (2009 – 10) (-) 0.2