Earthquake Resisting Techniques in Buildings

Slide 1: 

1

MUHAMMAD AMMAR 2007-CIVIL-136: 

MUHAMMAD AMMAR 2007-CIVIL-136 2

EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT BUILDINGS IN PAKISTAN: 

EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT BUILDINGS IN PAKISTAN 3

Sources of Earthquake: 

Sources of Earthquake Tectonic plates Volcanic eruption Nuclear explosion Source: www.ecogeodb.com 4

Losses: 

Losses 5

Techniques to resist Earthquake: 

Techniques to resist Earthquake Active & Passive system Shear walls Bracing Dampers Rollers Isolation Light weight material Bands Others 6

Active System: 

Active System Active control systems are devices integrated with real-time processing evaluators for improved service and safety. Pass ive System Passive control systems are conventional devices to resist or absorb the energy produced during Earthquake. For example: Viscous Dampers 7

Inertial Forces: 

Inertial Forces Source: www.mceer.buffalo.com 8

Shear Walls: 

Shear Walls Resist; Gravity Loads Lateral Loads Source: www.fema.gov 9

Shear Wall: 

Shear Wall March 3, 1985 Earthquake (Chile) Shear Wall performed very well 10

Bracing: 

Bracing Link Beams Diagonal Cross Chevron Eccentric 11

Bracing: 

Bracing Source: www.timber.ce 12

Bracing: 

Bracing Source: www.reidsteel.com 13

Cross Bracing: 

Cross Bracing Source: www.reidsteel.com 14

Dampers: 

Dampers 15

Liquid Tuned Mass Damper: 

Liquid Tuned Mass Damper 16 One Rincon Hill, San Francisco

Rollers: 

Rollers 17

Isolation: 

Isolation Source: www.mceer.buffalo.com 18

Isolation Bearing: 

Isolation Bearing Source: www.mceer.buffalo.com 19

Base Isolation: 

Base Isolation 20

Base Isolation mechanism: 

Base Isolation mechanism 21

Bands: 

Bands 22

Waste Tire pads: 

Waste Tire pads Source: www.homeimprovementpages.com 23

Waste Tire Pads: 

Waste Tire Pads Source: www.homeimprovementpages.com 24

2005 Earthquake: 

2005 Earthquake Source: www.erra.gov.pk 25

2005 Earthquake: 

2005 Earthquake Source: www.erra.gov.pk 26

Seismic Zone: 

Seismic Zone Source: www.nespak.com 27

ERRA provision of Corner Column: 

ERRA provision of Corner Column Source: www.erra.gov.pk 28

Haunches: 

Haunches In case of Joint failure, Use High strength concrete Increase section near joints Provide haunches. 29

Light weight mateial: 

Light weight mateial In recent times, many new systems and devices using non-conventional civil engineering materials have been developed, either to reduce the earthquake forces acting on a structure or to absorb part of seismic energy. 30

Suggestions: 

Suggestions 31 Source: www.eec.edu.pk

Suggestions: 

Suggestions 32 Source: www.eec.edu.pk

Avoid Hammering & Pounding: 

Avoid Hammering & Pounding 33

Suggestions: 

Suggestions Avoid weak column and strong beam design Provide thick slab which will help as a rigid diaphragm Provide cross walls which will stiffen the structures Provide shear walls in a symmetrical fashion Increase in the transverse (Shear) reinforcement. Horizontal lintel band should be provided Revision/ updation of building code of Pakistan The building must be regular and symmetrical in shape Reinforcing bars should be provided at the corners and the junctions of the walls 34

Special Thanks (Teachers) : 

Special Thanks (Teachers) Dr. Asad Ullah Qazi University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. Dr. Asif Hameed University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. Dr. Aun Bashir University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. 35

Prepared by Muhammad Ammar University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. 2007-CIVIL-136 Section: D mohd.ammar@gmail.com www.facebook.com/ammar89: 

Prepared by Muhammad Ammar University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan. 2007-CIVIL-136 Section: D mohd.ammar@gmail.com www.facebook.com/ammar89

Thank You!: 

Thank You! 37