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Premium member Presentation Transcript 2005 Earthquake, Pakistan : 2005 Earthquake, Pakistan History of Earthquakes, Pakistan : History of Earthquakes, Pakistan History : History Source: JANG Magazine (Prof. Mona Liza) Magnitude & Scale : Magnitude & Scale The Moment magnitude scale (abbreviated as MMS; denoted as MW) is used to measure the size of earthquakes in terms of the energy released. The scale was developed in the 1970’s to succeed the 1930’s-era Richter magnitude scale (ML) Richer scale is improved form of Marcalli scale. Richter Scale : Richter Scale Source: www.setileague.org Tectonic Plates : Tectonic Plates Tectonic plates are large plates of rock that make up the foundation of the earth's crust. There are ten major plates on the earth and many more minor ones. The plates are most famously known for being the source of Earthquakes. Pakistan Tectonic Plates : Pakistan Tectonic Plates Pakistan overlaps with the Indian and the Eurasian tectonic plates. Sindh and Punjab lie on Indian plate. Balochistan and Khyber Pukhtunkhwa lie within the Eurasian plate. Source: www.ecogeodb.com Seismic Zones of Pakistan : Seismic Zones of Pakistan Source: NESPAK 2005 EARTHQUAKE(Muzafferabad, AJK) : 2005 EARTHQUAKE(Muzafferabad, AJK) Earthquake Details : Earthquake Details Source: www. earthquake.usgs.gov Slide 13: Source: www.thepakistanquake.com 13th Deadliest Earthquake : 13th Deadliest Earthquake Source: www.thepakistanquake.com Losses : Losses Source: www.skidmail.com Losses : Losses 87,000 Dead (According to World Bank Report) 100,000 injured 171,884 houses completely demolished 4 Million people homeless in 1,083 villages of Azad Kashmir In Kashmir, the districts of Muzaffarabad, Bagh and Rawlakot were the most affected. Source: www.dripireland.org Earthquake vs Tsunami : Earthquake vs Tsunami The adverse effects of this earthquake are estimated to be larger than those of the Tsunami of December 2004 Reasons of Destruction : Reasons of Destruction Stone masonry buildings (with poor bonding) No horizontal bond beams were provided at the levels of plinth, or roof No vertical members of concrete or wood were provided in walls In some cases, certainly due to economic constraints, the stones were observed to have been laid even dry (no mortar at all) and the gaps were filled by small pieces of stones Reasons of destruction : Reasons of destruction Poor quality of concrete used for fabrication of blocks Inadequate thickness of walls (6 inch) No integrity of the wall in the transverse direction Weak connections at corners Inadequate lap splices ERRA : ERRA The Govt. of Pakistan established the Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority (ERRA) on October 24, 2005 to take up the task of rebuilding in the earthquake affected regions. It includes civil servants, armed forces personnel and international consultants. ERRA’s mission was to “Convert this Adversity into an Opportunity” by reconstructing the lost and destroyed facilities. NDMA : NDMA National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), is the lead agency at the Federal level to deal with Disaster Management Activities. In event of disaster, Government Ministries & Departments, Armed Forces, NGOs, work through and from NDMA to conduct one window operation. 2011 Earthquake, Pakistan : 2011 Earthquake, Pakistan Source: www. earthquake.usgs.gov 2005 vs 2011 Earthquake : 2005 vs 2011 Earthquake 2005 Earthquake was Disaster while 2011 Earthquake was Hazard. 2005- Magnitude 7.8 & Densely populated areas. 2011- Magnitude 7.2 but Sparsely populated areas. 2005- 80 000+ people died. 2011- No major loss. HAZARD can become DISASTER, if earthquake comes in Densely populated areas or near Coastal Areas. Constraints : Constraints Lack of latest equipments. Lack of funding from Govt. Lack of implementation of Seismic Building Codes. Lack of public awareness. Lack of training programs and workshops. Poverty Prepared byMuhammad AmmarUniversity of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.2007-CIVIL-136 Section: Dmohd.ammar@gmail.comwww.facebook.com/ammar89 : Prepared byMuhammad AmmarUniversity of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.2007-CIVIL-136 Section: Dmohd.ammar@gmail.comwww.facebook.com/ammar89 Thank You ! : Thank You ! You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
2005 Earthquake in Pakistan muhammadammar Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Copy Does not support media & animations WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 499 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: August 08, 2011 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript 2005 Earthquake, Pakistan : 2005 Earthquake, Pakistan History of Earthquakes, Pakistan : History of Earthquakes, Pakistan History : History Source: JANG Magazine (Prof. Mona Liza) Magnitude & Scale : Magnitude & Scale The Moment magnitude scale (abbreviated as MMS; denoted as MW) is used to measure the size of earthquakes in terms of the energy released. The scale was developed in the 1970’s to succeed the 1930’s-era Richter magnitude scale (ML) Richer scale is improved form of Marcalli scale. Richter Scale : Richter Scale Source: www.setileague.org Tectonic Plates : Tectonic Plates Tectonic plates are large plates of rock that make up the foundation of the earth's crust. There are ten major plates on the earth and many more minor ones. The plates are most famously known for being the source of Earthquakes. Pakistan Tectonic Plates : Pakistan Tectonic Plates Pakistan overlaps with the Indian and the Eurasian tectonic plates. Sindh and Punjab lie on Indian plate. Balochistan and Khyber Pukhtunkhwa lie within the Eurasian plate. Source: www.ecogeodb.com Seismic Zones of Pakistan : Seismic Zones of Pakistan Source: NESPAK 2005 EARTHQUAKE(Muzafferabad, AJK) : 2005 EARTHQUAKE(Muzafferabad, AJK) Earthquake Details : Earthquake Details Source: www. earthquake.usgs.gov Slide 13: Source: www.thepakistanquake.com 13th Deadliest Earthquake : 13th Deadliest Earthquake Source: www.thepakistanquake.com Losses : Losses Source: www.skidmail.com Losses : Losses 87,000 Dead (According to World Bank Report) 100,000 injured 171,884 houses completely demolished 4 Million people homeless in 1,083 villages of Azad Kashmir In Kashmir, the districts of Muzaffarabad, Bagh and Rawlakot were the most affected. Source: www.dripireland.org Earthquake vs Tsunami : Earthquake vs Tsunami The adverse effects of this earthquake are estimated to be larger than those of the Tsunami of December 2004 Reasons of Destruction : Reasons of Destruction Stone masonry buildings (with poor bonding) No horizontal bond beams were provided at the levels of plinth, or roof No vertical members of concrete or wood were provided in walls In some cases, certainly due to economic constraints, the stones were observed to have been laid even dry (no mortar at all) and the gaps were filled by small pieces of stones Reasons of destruction : Reasons of destruction Poor quality of concrete used for fabrication of blocks Inadequate thickness of walls (6 inch) No integrity of the wall in the transverse direction Weak connections at corners Inadequate lap splices ERRA : ERRA The Govt. of Pakistan established the Earthquake Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Authority (ERRA) on October 24, 2005 to take up the task of rebuilding in the earthquake affected regions. It includes civil servants, armed forces personnel and international consultants. ERRA’s mission was to “Convert this Adversity into an Opportunity” by reconstructing the lost and destroyed facilities. NDMA : NDMA National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA), is the lead agency at the Federal level to deal with Disaster Management Activities. In event of disaster, Government Ministries & Departments, Armed Forces, NGOs, work through and from NDMA to conduct one window operation. 2011 Earthquake, Pakistan : 2011 Earthquake, Pakistan Source: www. earthquake.usgs.gov 2005 vs 2011 Earthquake : 2005 vs 2011 Earthquake 2005 Earthquake was Disaster while 2011 Earthquake was Hazard. 2005- Magnitude 7.8 & Densely populated areas. 2011- Magnitude 7.2 but Sparsely populated areas. 2005- 80 000+ people died. 2011- No major loss. HAZARD can become DISASTER, if earthquake comes in Densely populated areas or near Coastal Areas. Constraints : Constraints Lack of latest equipments. Lack of funding from Govt. Lack of implementation of Seismic Building Codes. Lack of public awareness. Lack of training programs and workshops. Poverty Prepared byMuhammad AmmarUniversity of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.2007-CIVIL-136 Section: Dmohd.ammar@gmail.comwww.facebook.com/ammar89 : Prepared byMuhammad AmmarUniversity of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.2007-CIVIL-136 Section: Dmohd.ammar@gmail.comwww.facebook.com/ammar89 Thank You ! : Thank You !