GrowthOfTheLaborMovement

Slide 1: 

The Growth of the American Labor Movement Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

Slide 2: 

Labor Force Distribution1870-1900

Slide 3: 

The Changing American Labor Force

Slide 4: 

Child Labor

Slide 5: 

Child Labor

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“Galley Labor”

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Labor Unrest: 1870-1900

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The Molly Maguires(1875) JamesMcParland

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The Corporate “Bully-Boys”: PinkertonAgents

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Management vs. Labor “Tools” of Management “Tools” of Labor “scabs” P. R. campaign Pinkertons lockout blacklisting yellow-dog contracts court injunctions open shop boycotts sympathy demonstrations informational picketing closed shops organized strikes “wildcat” strikes

Slide 11: 

A Striker Confronts a SCAB!

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Knights of Labor Terence V. Powderly An injury to one is the concern of all!

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Knights of Labor Knights of Labor trade card

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Goals of the Knights of Labor Eight-hour workday. Workers’ cooperatives. Worker-owned factories. Abolition of child and prison labor. Increased circulation of greenbacks. Equal pay for men and women. Safety codes in the workplace. Prohibition of contract foreign labor. Abolition of the National Bank.

Slide 15: 

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

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The Great Railroad Strike of 1877

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The Tournament of Today: A Set-to Between Labor and Monopoly

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Anarchists Meet on the Lake Front in 1886

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Haymarket Riot (1886) McCormick Harvesting Machine Co.

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Haymarket Martyrs

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Governor John Peter Altgeld

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The American Federation of Labor: 1886 Samuel Gompers

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How the AF of L Would Help the Workers Catered to the skilled worker. Represented workers in matters of national legislation. Maintained a national strike fund. Evangelized the cause of unionism. Prevented disputes among the many craft unions. Mediated disputes between management and labor. Pushed for closed shops.

Slide 24: 

Homestead Steel Strike (1892) The Amalgamated Association of Iron & Steel Workers Homestead Steel Works

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Big Corporate Profits!

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Attempted Assassination! Henry Clay Frick Alexander Berkman

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A “CompanyTown”: Pullman, IL

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Pullman Cars A Pullman porter

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The Pullman Strike of 1894

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President Grover Cleveland If it takes the entire army and navy to deliver a postal card in Chicago, that card will be delivered!

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The Pullman Strike of 1894 Government by injunction!

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The Socialists Eugene V. Debs

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International Workers of the World (“Wobblies”)

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“Big Bill” Haywood of theIWW Violence was justified to overthrow capitalism.

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I W W & the Internationale

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The Hand That Will Rule the World? One Big Union

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Mother Jones: “The Miner’s Angel” Mary Harris. Organizer for theUnited MineWorkers. Founded the SocialDemocratic Party in 1898. One of the founding members of the I. W. W. in 1905.

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Lawrence, MA Strike: 1912

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The “Bread & Roses” Strike DEMANDS: 15¢/hr. wage increase. Double pay for overtime. No discrimination against strikers. An end to “speed-up” on the assembly line. An end to discrimination againstforeign immigrant workers.

Slide 40: 

Lawrence, MA Strike: 1912

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The “Formula” unions + violence + strikes + socialists + immigrants = anarchists

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Labor Union Membership

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“Solidarity Forever!”by Ralph Chapin (1915) When the union's inspiration through the workers‘ blood shall run,There can be no power greater anywhere beneath the sun;Yet what force on earth is weaker than the feeble strength of one,But the union makes us strong! CHORUS:Solidarity forever,Solidarity forever,Solidarity forever,For the union makes us strong!

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Come On and Sing Along!!

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“Solidarity Forever!” Is there aught we hold in common with the greedy parasite,Who would lash us into serfdom and would crush us with his might?Is there anything left to us but to organize and fight?For the union makes us strong! CHORUS:Solidarity forever,Solidarity forever,Solidarity forever,For the union makes us strong!

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“Solidarity Forever!” * * * *Through our sisters and our brothers we can make our union strong,For respect and equal value, we have done without too long.We no longer have to tolerate injustices and wrongs,Yes, the union makes us strong! CHORUS:Solidarity forever,Solidarity forever,Solidarity forever,For the union makes us strong!

Slide 47: 

Workers Benefits Today

Slide 48: 

The Rise & Decline of Organized Labor

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Right-to-Work States Today

Slide 50: 

Unionism & Globalization?