logging in or signing up electromagnetic spectrum in astronomy mroteaches Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 274 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: October 14, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description For Mr. Overbay's astronomy classes Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript The Electromagnetic Spectrum in Astronomy : The Electromagnetic Spectrum in Astronomy Slide 2: Wavelength (length/cycle) Amplitude: wave height = brightness Amplitude trough crest Properties of Waves All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed The speed of light: 300,000,000 m/s Light as a Wave : Light as a Wave Light waves are characterized by a wavelength and a frequency c = 300,000 km/s = 3108 m/s l Frequency, wavelength, energy : Frequency, wavelength, energy Wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional Long wavelength-lowest frequency Short wavelength highest frequency Frequency and energy are directly proportional The higher the frequency the higher the energy. Wavelengths and Colors : Wavelengths and Colors Different colors of visible light correspond to different wavelengths. VISIBLE LIGHT : VISIBLE LIGHT Electromagnetic waves we can see. Longest wavelength= red light Shortest wavelength= violet (purple) light When light enters a new medium it bends (refracts). Each wavelength bends a different amount allowing white light to separate into it’s various colors ROYGBIV. Slide 7: Solar Spectrum The sun emits radiation at all wavelengths Most of its energy is in the IR-VIS-UV portions of the spectrum ~50% of the energy is in the visible region ~40% in the near-IR ~10% in the UV Wavelength (m) Earth’s atmosphere is transparent to certain wavelengths : Earth’s atmosphere is transparent to certain wavelengths Light as Particle : Light as Particle Light also behaves like a particle This particle is called a photon The energy of a photon is dependent on its frequency A photon is like a little packet (quantum) of electromagnetic energy. Where do photons come from? : Where do photons come from? Photons come from atoms Atoms absorb and emit photons at certain specific frequencies. This is because the electrons can only be in certain orbitals. Atomic Emission : Atomic Emission This means… : This means… Because electrons can only be in specific orbitals, only specific frequencies are emitted or absorbed. Atoms of an specific element absorb or emit only specific frequencies of electromagnetic energy. This is called the absorption or emission spectrum. Using this in astronomy : Using this in astronomy Astronomers can use these spectra to determine the composition of stars and planets and other stellar objects. The Sun’s Emission Spectrum : The Sun’s Emission Spectrum Spectroscopy : Spectroscopy Using wavelength/frequency to determine composition Can use light emitted emission Or light absorbed absorption Light and temperature : Light and temperature Electromagnetic spectrum also tells temperature More heat = more energy More energy = higher frequency Higher frequency = More heat Thermal radiation : Thermal radiation electromagnetic radiation emitted an object because of the object's temperature Temperature of Stars : Temperature of Stars Gamma and x-ray emitters are hottest Blue stars are hotter Red stars are colder Radio emitters are coldest Kelvin : Kelvin Kelvin is the astronomer’s temperature scale Abbreviation : K K= ºC + 273 So… 0K = -273ºC What’s colder than cold? : What’s colder than cold? Absolute zero! 0K Absolutely NO atomic motion None Nada Zip Zilch No not even a little. Deep space is just a few degrees above absolute zero Manipulating Light : Manipulating Light Manipulating, or working with, light is what astronomers do We have two main ways to manipulate light: Refraction Reflection Refraction : Refraction Changing the direction of light as it passes through some medium For example: Straw in drink lenses Refracting Telescope : Refracting Telescope Focus light through a series of lenses Like what Galileo used Reflection : Reflection Redirection of electromagnetic radiation Can be done with more than just visible light! Reflecting Telescopes : Reflecting Telescopes Focus light through a series of mirrors Invented by Isaac Newton Reflecting Telescopes : Reflecting Telescopes Allow for larger telescopes English astronomer William Herschel built this huge reflecting telescope in the late 1700s. Radio Telescopes : Radio Telescopes Work like visible light reflector scopes Use the radio frequencies Radio Telescopes : Radio Telescopes Radio Astronomy : Radio Astronomy Cassiopeia A in visible light Cassiopeia A in radio Infrared Astronomy : Infrared Astronomy Infrared can’t get through the atmosphere Spitzer Space Telescope uses infrared to see an optically invisible universe dominated by dust and stars. Lyman Spitzer Jr. Infrared Astronomy : Infrared Astronomy X-Ray astronomy : X-Ray astronomy X-rays also cannot get through the atmosphere The Chandra X-Ray Observatory observes X-rays from high-energy regions of the Universe. Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar X-Ray astronomy : X-Ray astronomy Galaxy M-101 in visible Galaxy M-101 in X-rays One Object, Different Wavelengths : One Object, Different Wavelengths You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
electromagnetic spectrum in astronomy mroteaches Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 274 Category: Science & Tech.. License: All Rights Reserved Like it (0) Dislike it (0) Added: October 14, 2010 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description For Mr. Overbay's astronomy classes Comments Posting comment... Premium member Presentation Transcript The Electromagnetic Spectrum in Astronomy : The Electromagnetic Spectrum in Astronomy Slide 2: Wavelength (length/cycle) Amplitude: wave height = brightness Amplitude trough crest Properties of Waves All electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed The speed of light: 300,000,000 m/s Light as a Wave : Light as a Wave Light waves are characterized by a wavelength and a frequency c = 300,000 km/s = 3108 m/s l Frequency, wavelength, energy : Frequency, wavelength, energy Wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional Long wavelength-lowest frequency Short wavelength highest frequency Frequency and energy are directly proportional The higher the frequency the higher the energy. Wavelengths and Colors : Wavelengths and Colors Different colors of visible light correspond to different wavelengths. VISIBLE LIGHT : VISIBLE LIGHT Electromagnetic waves we can see. Longest wavelength= red light Shortest wavelength= violet (purple) light When light enters a new medium it bends (refracts). Each wavelength bends a different amount allowing white light to separate into it’s various colors ROYGBIV. Slide 7: Solar Spectrum The sun emits radiation at all wavelengths Most of its energy is in the IR-VIS-UV portions of the spectrum ~50% of the energy is in the visible region ~40% in the near-IR ~10% in the UV Wavelength (m) Earth’s atmosphere is transparent to certain wavelengths : Earth’s atmosphere is transparent to certain wavelengths Light as Particle : Light as Particle Light also behaves like a particle This particle is called a photon The energy of a photon is dependent on its frequency A photon is like a little packet (quantum) of electromagnetic energy. Where do photons come from? : Where do photons come from? Photons come from atoms Atoms absorb and emit photons at certain specific frequencies. This is because the electrons can only be in certain orbitals. Atomic Emission : Atomic Emission This means… : This means… Because electrons can only be in specific orbitals, only specific frequencies are emitted or absorbed. Atoms of an specific element absorb or emit only specific frequencies of electromagnetic energy. This is called the absorption or emission spectrum. Using this in astronomy : Using this in astronomy Astronomers can use these spectra to determine the composition of stars and planets and other stellar objects. The Sun’s Emission Spectrum : The Sun’s Emission Spectrum Spectroscopy : Spectroscopy Using wavelength/frequency to determine composition Can use light emitted emission Or light absorbed absorption Light and temperature : Light and temperature Electromagnetic spectrum also tells temperature More heat = more energy More energy = higher frequency Higher frequency = More heat Thermal radiation : Thermal radiation electromagnetic radiation emitted an object because of the object's temperature Temperature of Stars : Temperature of Stars Gamma and x-ray emitters are hottest Blue stars are hotter Red stars are colder Radio emitters are coldest Kelvin : Kelvin Kelvin is the astronomer’s temperature scale Abbreviation : K K= ºC + 273 So… 0K = -273ºC What’s colder than cold? : What’s colder than cold? Absolute zero! 0K Absolutely NO atomic motion None Nada Zip Zilch No not even a little. Deep space is just a few degrees above absolute zero Manipulating Light : Manipulating Light Manipulating, or working with, light is what astronomers do We have two main ways to manipulate light: Refraction Reflection Refraction : Refraction Changing the direction of light as it passes through some medium For example: Straw in drink lenses Refracting Telescope : Refracting Telescope Focus light through a series of lenses Like what Galileo used Reflection : Reflection Redirection of electromagnetic radiation Can be done with more than just visible light! Reflecting Telescopes : Reflecting Telescopes Focus light through a series of mirrors Invented by Isaac Newton Reflecting Telescopes : Reflecting Telescopes Allow for larger telescopes English astronomer William Herschel built this huge reflecting telescope in the late 1700s. Radio Telescopes : Radio Telescopes Work like visible light reflector scopes Use the radio frequencies Radio Telescopes : Radio Telescopes Radio Astronomy : Radio Astronomy Cassiopeia A in visible light Cassiopeia A in radio Infrared Astronomy : Infrared Astronomy Infrared can’t get through the atmosphere Spitzer Space Telescope uses infrared to see an optically invisible universe dominated by dust and stars. Lyman Spitzer Jr. Infrared Astronomy : Infrared Astronomy X-Ray astronomy : X-Ray astronomy X-rays also cannot get through the atmosphere The Chandra X-Ray Observatory observes X-rays from high-energy regions of the Universe. Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar X-Ray astronomy : X-Ray astronomy Galaxy M-101 in visible Galaxy M-101 in X-rays One Object, Different Wavelengths : One Object, Different Wavelengths