ORGANIC-Alkanes

The Alkanes : 

The Alkanes Least complex hydrocarbons All carbon-carbon bonds are single Each alkane differs from the next by a specific structural unit (-CH2-) Homologous series – compounds whose structures differ from each other by a specific structural unit General formula: CnH2n+2

Sources and Propertiesof Alkanes : 

Sources and Propertiesof Alkanes Most alkanes come from fossil fuels Petroleum (crude oil) is separated by distillation into different fractions based on molecular weight Alkanes also known as “paraffins” Do not react with many reagents Chemical properties are similar; physical properties change throughout the series in a regular fashion

Naming Alkanes : 

Naming Alkanes Two parts to the name of a hydrocarbon: Stem – tells you how many carbons are present Ending – tells you what type of bonding is present (single, double, triple, etc.)

Alkane Prefixes : 

Alkane Prefixes Ending for alkanes is -ane