logging in or signing up Hybrid Orbitals mreisley Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Dynamic Copy Does not support media & animations Automatically changes to Flash or non-Flash embed WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 2226 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (5) Dislike it (1) Added: September 16, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: sackryder (20 month(s) ago) this is nice Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: ashwinchandwani (21 month(s) ago) nice project Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: shzafar (25 month(s) ago) interesting..... Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: kurashvili (28 month(s) ago) C'est genial Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Hybrid Orbitals : Hybrid Orbitals Hybrid Orbitals : Hybrid Orbitals Created by the overlapping of s and p orbitals Expected LEDD for C: Actual LEDD for C: Recall that carbon can promote… : Recall that carbon can promote… …an s electron We no longer have: 1 s orbital & 3 p orbitals 4 sp3 hybrid orbitals (identical) 4 nonidentical orbitals 4 identical orbitals Visualize the hybridization : Visualize the hybridization p p p s sp3 sp3 sp3 sp3 Sigma and Pi Bonds : Sigma and Pi Bonds Sigma bonds (s) Formed by the overlap of two half-filled orbitals on the bond axis Pi bonds (p) Formed by the sideways overlap of two parallel half-filled p orbitals Sigma bonds can be formed by the overlap of: : Sigma bonds can be formed by the overlap of: 2 “s” orbitals 2 “p” orbitals (end-to-end) 1 “s” and 1 “p” orbital 2 hybrid orbitals Hybrid orbital & an “s” orbital Hybrid orbital & a “p” orbital …along a bond axis. Types of Hybrid Orbitals:sp3 : Types of Hybrid Orbitals:sp3 Formed by 1 s and 3 p orbitals (0 unhybridized p orbitals leftover) Only form single bonds Central atom bonded to 4 other atoms Tetrahedral shape Types of Hybrid Orbitals:sp2 : Types of Hybrid Orbitals:sp2 Formed by 1 s and 2 p orbitals (1 unhybridized p orbital leftover) Found in double bonds (1 s & 1 p bond) Central atom bonded to 3 other atoms Trigonal planar shape Types of Hybrid Orbitals:sp : Types of Hybrid Orbitals:sp Formed by 1 s and 1 p orbital (2 unhybridized p orbitals leftover) Found in triple bonds (1 s & 2 p bonds) Central atom bonded to 2 other atoms Linear shape How to tell when you need a double or triple bond… : How to tell when you need a double or triple bond… Draw the LEDD and remember: If central atom is in 2nd row, it must have 8 e- If central atom is in 3rd row or lower, it can have <, = to , or > 8e- To make double and triple bonds, simply make an unshared pair from an outer atom a shared pair between that atom and the central atom Double Bond Example : Double Bond Example Carbon isn’tsatisfied So move a lone pair from oxygen to become a shared pair Triple Bond Example : Triple Bond Example Carbon isn’tsatisfied So move a lone pair from nitrogen to become a shared pair Carbon still isn’t satisfied So move another lone pair from nitrogen to become a shared pair To determine hybridization from a structural diagram: : To determine hybridization from a structural diagram: A – is the same as a single bond (represents 2 e-) Count how many atoms are bonded to the atom in question What kind of bonds exist from the central atom? (single, double, triple) What is the hybridization on carbon in CO2? : What is the hybridization on carbon in CO2? Carbon exhibits sp hybridization because it is forming 2 p bonds - p bonds don’t have to be to the same outer atom What is the hybridization on each of the following carbons? : What is the hybridization on each of the following carbons? sp2 sp2 sp2 sp sp You do not have the permission to view this presentation. In order to view it, please contact the author of the presentation.
Hybrid Orbitals mreisley Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: Embed: Flash iPad Dynamic Copy Does not support media & animations Automatically changes to Flash or non-Flash embed WordPress Embed Customize Embed URL: Copy Thumbnail: Copy The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 2226 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (5) Dislike it (1) Added: September 16, 2009 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 0 Presentation Description No description available. Comments Posting comment... By: sackryder (20 month(s) ago) this is nice Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: ashwinchandwani (21 month(s) ago) nice project Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: shzafar (25 month(s) ago) interesting..... Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: kurashvili (28 month(s) ago) C'est genial Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close Premium member Presentation Transcript Hybrid Orbitals : Hybrid Orbitals Hybrid Orbitals : Hybrid Orbitals Created by the overlapping of s and p orbitals Expected LEDD for C: Actual LEDD for C: Recall that carbon can promote… : Recall that carbon can promote… …an s electron We no longer have: 1 s orbital & 3 p orbitals 4 sp3 hybrid orbitals (identical) 4 nonidentical orbitals 4 identical orbitals Visualize the hybridization : Visualize the hybridization p p p s sp3 sp3 sp3 sp3 Sigma and Pi Bonds : Sigma and Pi Bonds Sigma bonds (s) Formed by the overlap of two half-filled orbitals on the bond axis Pi bonds (p) Formed by the sideways overlap of two parallel half-filled p orbitals Sigma bonds can be formed by the overlap of: : Sigma bonds can be formed by the overlap of: 2 “s” orbitals 2 “p” orbitals (end-to-end) 1 “s” and 1 “p” orbital 2 hybrid orbitals Hybrid orbital & an “s” orbital Hybrid orbital & a “p” orbital …along a bond axis. Types of Hybrid Orbitals:sp3 : Types of Hybrid Orbitals:sp3 Formed by 1 s and 3 p orbitals (0 unhybridized p orbitals leftover) Only form single bonds Central atom bonded to 4 other atoms Tetrahedral shape Types of Hybrid Orbitals:sp2 : Types of Hybrid Orbitals:sp2 Formed by 1 s and 2 p orbitals (1 unhybridized p orbital leftover) Found in double bonds (1 s & 1 p bond) Central atom bonded to 3 other atoms Trigonal planar shape Types of Hybrid Orbitals:sp : Types of Hybrid Orbitals:sp Formed by 1 s and 1 p orbital (2 unhybridized p orbitals leftover) Found in triple bonds (1 s & 2 p bonds) Central atom bonded to 2 other atoms Linear shape How to tell when you need a double or triple bond… : How to tell when you need a double or triple bond… Draw the LEDD and remember: If central atom is in 2nd row, it must have 8 e- If central atom is in 3rd row or lower, it can have <, = to , or > 8e- To make double and triple bonds, simply make an unshared pair from an outer atom a shared pair between that atom and the central atom Double Bond Example : Double Bond Example Carbon isn’tsatisfied So move a lone pair from oxygen to become a shared pair Triple Bond Example : Triple Bond Example Carbon isn’tsatisfied So move a lone pair from nitrogen to become a shared pair Carbon still isn’t satisfied So move another lone pair from nitrogen to become a shared pair To determine hybridization from a structural diagram: : To determine hybridization from a structural diagram: A – is the same as a single bond (represents 2 e-) Count how many atoms are bonded to the atom in question What kind of bonds exist from the central atom? (single, double, triple) What is the hybridization on carbon in CO2? : What is the hybridization on carbon in CO2? Carbon exhibits sp hybridization because it is forming 2 p bonds - p bonds don’t have to be to the same outer atom What is the hybridization on each of the following carbons? : What is the hybridization on each of the following carbons? sp2 sp2 sp2 sp sp