Alleviating Problems of Uneven Devt_for FB

World Bank: 

World Bank The World Bank is a vital source of financial and technical assistance to developing countries around the world. It is not a bank in the common sense. It is made up of two unique development institutions owned by 185 member countries—the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA) .

World Bank: 

World Bank Each institution plays a different but supportive role in global poverty reduction and the improvement of living standards. The IBRD focuses on middle income and creditworthy poor countries, while IDA focuses on the poorest countries in the world. Together they provide low-interest loans, interest-free credit and grants to developing countries for education, health, infrastructure, communications and many other purposes.

Example: 

Example Kecamatan Devt Prog (1998) Aid to 25 villages in Indonesia Over US$890 million in funds for loans and credits Benefitted 34000 villages across Indonesia Money given to provide water supply, irrigation, finance vaccination and immunisation programmes.

Asian Development Bank: 

Asian Development Bank ADB is dedicated to poverty reduction in Asia and the Pacific, a region that is home to two thirds of the world's poor. Established in 1966 and headquartered in Manila , ADB is owned and financed by its 67 member countries , of which 48 are from the region and 19 are from other parts of the globe.

ADB: 

ADB It contributes low interest loans, guarantees, grants, private sector investments, and knowledge and advice to help build infrastructure and improve essential services such as health and education to boost quality of life, particularly for the nearly 1.9 billion people in the region still living on $2 or less a day.

Example: 

Example Provide financial and technical help to Bangladesh in the Jamuna Multipurpose Bridge Project transport infrastructure to access to less developed region to develop the area and to increase accessibility for goods transportation (industrialisation)

United Nations Millennium Development Goals (UNMDC): 

United Nations Millennium Development Goals (UNMDC)

Example: 

Example Training people in poor communities in Vietnam Increasing access to basic social service for the poor Educational campaigns to raise awareness of poverty in the country

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea: 

United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea The Law of the Sea Convention defines the rights and responsibilities of nations in their use of the world's oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment, and the management of marine natural resources . To date 155 countries and the European Community have joined in the Convention.

Example: 

Example Under UNCLOS, coastal states have exclusive right to use resources such as fish and oil in the waters within 321.86km from their shoreline Exclusive Economic Zone Prevention of the depletion of fish resource

Slum Networking : 

Slum Networking Slum networking is a community-based sanitation and environmental improvement programme for the textile manufacturing and industrial engineering centre Transform slums into settlements that integrate the poor into the urban population as a whole Provision of services built by government -built sewer, storm drainage, and fresh water services

Slum Networking: 

Slum Networking As an incentive, a state government ordinance gave the slum dwellers long-term land leases, and the residents paid for and built their own private toilets and washrooms. The rivers, once filled with untreated sewage and solid waste, are now clean, the streets paved, street lighting added, community halls built, and the housing upgraded.

Example: 

Example 41% of Ahmedabad in Gurjarat, India is living in slums and squatters Parivartan Slum Networking (mid 1990) Local authorities and leading business institutions together to improve conditions 56000 people over 40 slums Reduction of death rate from 6.9/1000 to 3.7/1000

The Hill Tribes: 

The Hill Tribes In Thailand, hill tribes are among the most disadvantaged and vulnerable groups of society. Most hill-tribe people engage in agriculture as their main economic activity and in household-based handicraft production as well as wage employment as their secondary sources of income. Their production inputs are limited; they lack access to basic social services, including education and health; and they also lack opportunities for systematic skill development, income and employment.

Education for Hill Tribes: 

Education for Hill Tribes under the theme of "Education for all", set a policy in 1998-99 to develop highland non-formal education based on the community learning centre model. It provides educational services to promote literacy among the hill tribes. It enables hill tribe people to take fuller advantage of employment and training opportunities, whether they choose to stay in their communities or decide to earn income in urban areas.

Example: 

Example Hill tribes of Akha, Hmong, Karen, Lahu, Lisu and Yao in Thailand Extreme poverty and illiterate Lower standard of living then elsewhere Build community learning centres Taught thai language and mathematics and basic life and social skills Agricultural skills

One Child Policy: 

One Child Policy China's one child policy was established by Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping in 1979 to limit communist China's population growth. The policy limits couples to one child. Fines, pressures to abort a pregnancy, and even forced sterilization accompanied second or subsequent pregnancies. It is not an all-encompassing rule because it has always been restricted to ethnic Han Chinese living in urban areas. Citizens living in rural areas and minorities living in China are not subject to the law.

One Child Policy: 

One Child Policy The limit has been strongly enforced in urban areas, but the actual implementation varies from location to location. In most rural areas, families are allowed to have two children if the first child is female or disabled Second children are subject to birth spacing(usually 3 or 4 years) Additional children will result in large fines: families violating the policy are required to pay monetary penalties and might be denied bonuses at their workplace.

One Child Policy_Problems: 

One Child Policy_Problems However, the rule has been estimated to have reduced population growth in the country of 1.3 billion by as much as 300 million people over its first twenty years. This rule has caused a disdain for female infants; abortion, neglect, abandonment, and even infanticide have been known to occur to female infants.

Improve lives of poor people in the country….: 

CREATED BY M SUAN 20/2/2008 Improve lives of poor people in the country….

What is Kapit Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan?: 

What is Kapit Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan? Developed by the National Anti-Poverty Commission (NAPC), Kapit Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan (KALAHI) is a new national strategy of the Arroyo administration for reducing poverty in the country.

Example: 

Example Developing the informal sector Microfinance, low interest loans to help people set up and run small businesses Give training and advice to run businesses 600000 agricultural jobs created 1.7 employed through job placement

GLORM Question [8marks] Workbook pg 91: 

GLORM Question [8marks] Workbook pg 91 Less Developed Countries (LDCs) often receive aid from developed countries (DCs) to improve their standard of living and quality of life. Evaluate the impact of foreign aid on the recipient countries. HINT - Some demands foreign aid includes “Use this aid for projects we approve of” “Buy our countries’ goods” “Support our suggestions on world issues” “Please pay back with interest”

Level 3 (7-8marks): 

Level 3 (7-8marks) Clear statements on how foreign aid impacts on the standard of living and the quality of life of the receiving countries, eg. ‘Aid can be used to improve transport networks and other infrastructure.’ Clear links shown between accepting foreign aid on the standard of living of the receiving country Evaluation of positive and negative impacts of receiving foreign aid, eg. ‘Although foreign aid provides resources for LDCs to improve their standard of living, they may be obliged to buy products manufactured by the donor countries.’