Humanistic Education: Psychological Factors of L1-L2 development :
Humanistic Education: Psychological Factors of L1-L2 development Learner’s Background:
Naming practices/Forms of address/Identity
Age
L1 proficiency/Type of bilingualism (subtractive,/semi-lingualism) additive/ proficient bilingualism)
Previous L2 experience
Likes/Dislike
Academic success
Humanistic Education: Psychological, Affective, Socio-Emotional Factors of L2 Development :
Humanistic Education: Psychological, Affective, Socio-Emotional Factors of L2 Development Psychological Factors: Socio-Emotional
a) Self-Esteem/Inhibition:
Especially important in L2 learning process.
Encouraging fluency over accuracy in early stages important
Suggestopedia —to reduce inhibitions
b) Motivation
Instrumental (need to acquire L2 for a purpose)
Integrative (desire to affiliate w/members of L2)
Trait or state?
Slide 4:
c)Anxiety:
In L2, related to sense of self/identity
Limited ability to communicate/represent self in L2
Ts need to provide a relaxed, non-threatening environment through teaching approaches (Suggestopedia, TPR) ,grouping strategies, and classroom organization
d) Learner Attitudes towards:
Self
Teacher/classroom environment
L2 /native speakers of L2
Influenced by parents/peers/prior experiences
Psychological Factors of L2 Learning:Cognitive :
Psychological Factors of L2 Learning:Cognitive III.Cognitive Factors
Cognitive style
visual vs. verbal /holistic vs. analytic
b) Learning Styles
Competitive vs. cooperative
Dependent vs. independent
Participant vs. avoidant
Assignments should be modified according to learning styles to ensure student success
c) Learning Strategies
Avoidance to code switching (total of 5)
Socio-Cultural factors of L2 Learning :
Socio-Cultural factors of L2 Learning Acculturation Process/L1 Use
Home culture-vs new culture---“Culture bumps”
II. Family values/School Values
Are foreign students uncaring and lazy?
Different value system re: time, speed and efficiency, in learning
Teachers need to be flexible and accepting of cultural differences
Socio-Cultural factors of L2 Learning :
Socio-Cultural factors of L2 Learning III. Support for L1
Language and power intertwined—certain sts are at an advantage/others at disadvantage
L1 support is crucial for academic success of L2 learners
IV. Language and Power
Schools perpetuate social class inequality through
Tracking
Testing
Curriculum (watered down for ELs?)
School Structure
Disciplinary policies
Limited Student roles in influencing school policies/decisions
Limited family/community involvement