Biomaterial as Nanomedicine : Biomaterial as Nanomedicine Veerapandian Murugan
2008-40152
Kyungwon university
College of Bionanotechnology
Overview : Overview Introduction
Present and future status of Nanomedicine
Methods
Tissue regeneration, drug carrier, diagnostic tool
Results and discussion
conclusion
Introduction –present status : Introduction –present status Nanotechnology for treatment, diagnosis, monitoring, and control of biological systems-“Nanomedicine”
Rational delivery and targeting of pharmaceutical, therapeutic, and diagnostic agents
Mononuclear phagocytes, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, and cancers (tumor cells, as well as tumor neo vasculature) are key targets
Particle design and formulation
Future Status-Nanomedicine : Future Status-Nanomedicine Detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms, and for gene diagnosis of pathogens
Drug discovery, antigens and antibodies
Drug infusion, cellular injection-diagnostic procedures
Micro chip based drug delivery
Nanomechanical sensors, switches and tweezers
CNT and nanofibers-drug carriers
Slide 5: Bionanomaterial in tissue regeneration
Nanomaterial for bone, cartilage, vascular, bladder, neural applications
Tensile strength, hardness, toughness, fracture, Elasticity of modulus, and degree of crystallinity
Template for growth at 3D
Mimic the properties of host tissue
Bioinert, Bioresorbable and Bioactive cartilage tissue engineering process Nature Clinical Practice Rheumatology (2006) 2, 373-382
Methods : Methods Nanofibers as biomaterials
Fibers <100nm
Interfacial polymerization,
Electrospinning,
Carbon nanofiber are graphitized
catalytic synthesis
Application
Tissue regeneration- carbon nanofibers + neural stem cells
Signal for pathogen identity
wound healing nanofibers
Filter media, and etc., www.purdue.edu/.../041123.Webster.align.html http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract
Slide 7: Carbon nanotubes
Family of fullerenes
Tubular form graphite sheets
SWNT 0.5–3.0 nm and 20–1000 nm, MWNT 1.5–100 nm and 1–50 µm
surface functionalization
Molecular sensors, electronic nucleic acid sequencing, and nanoneedles
Tris-malonic acid C60-superoxide dismutase- parkinson’s, neuro ischemia, k+ blocker dose dep. www.rsc.org/images/b516309a-300_tcm18-48716.jpg www.wtec.org/loyola/nano/04_03.htm
Slide 8: Polyplexes / Lipopolyplexes
Assemblies of nucleic acids b/w polycations/cationic liposome's/ polycations conjugated to targeting ligands or hydrophilic polymers
poly-L-lysine, poly (ethylenimine), poly (amidoamine), poly-amino esters, and cationic cyclodextrin.
Gene transfer/therapy protocols Transfection protocol www.biochem.arizona.edu/.../Lecture15/AMG7.4.gif
Slide 9: Superparamagnetic iron oxide
Crystals
Alkaline co-precipitation Fe2+ and Fe3+ with hydrophilic polymer
Mag. Moment leads negative enhancer with T1 and T2 effects
Surface functionalization of proteins, antibodies, oligonucleotides,
Labelling of fluorescein-diagnostic methods www.nsf.gov/od/lpa/news/03/pr0368_images.htm
Slide 10: Liposomes
Phospholipid bilayer
<100nm(SUVs),
>100nm(LUVs),Multilamellar vesicles
liposome surface - targeting ligands and polymers
Drug carrier www.case.edu/.../2002/7-02/liposomes.htm www.unizh.ch/onkwww/lipos.htm
Slide 11: Nanospheres
Spherical polymeric matrix
10-100nm
Synthetic or natural polymers
Good optical, semiconducting
Fluorescent and magnetic properties of nanosphere- dignostics like apoptosis and diff. biomedical application www.foodtech-international.com/.../fig1-lge.jpg
Slide 12: Aquasomes (carbohydrate
ceramic nanoparticles)
Self assembled carrier system-solid phase nanocrystalline core coated with oligomeric film
Bodies of water
Peptide, protein hormones, antigens and genes to specific sites
Microbiology, food chemistry, biophysics and many discoveries www.swri.edu/.../d01/Nano/mages/BonDens3.jpg www.aapsj.org/.../aapsj0902015_figure4.jpg
Results and discussion : Results and discussion Nanoscale laboratory-based diagnostic and drug discovery
Micro/nanochip devices,
Nanopore sequencing
Targeted imaging and drug delivery
Anatomical, physiological, immunological or biochemical, and exploitation of opportunities offered by disease states
Conclusion : Conclusion Nanomaterials still at infancy need research
Carrier design and targeting strategies must be optimized
Toxicity issues
Future of Nanomedicine will rationalize to overcome existing biological barriers
Reference : Reference S. Moein Moghimi et.al.,The FASEB Journal • Review
H. Liu, T.J. Webster / Biomaterials 28 (2007) 354–369