AFM in pharmaceutical sciences

Atomic Force Microscopy in the Pharmaceutical Sciences : 

Atomic Force Microscopy in the Pharmaceutical Sciences Veerapandian Murugan Kyungwon university College of Bionanotechnology

Overview : 

Overview Introduction Pharmaceutical process Role of AFM Methods Results and discussion conclusion

Introduction-pharmaceutical process : 

Introduction-pharmaceutical process Microscopic evaluation-design and evaluation of a pharmaceutical product after -drug formulation process Drug crystal growth, particle characterization, and tablet coatings in -solid dosage forms. Optimal crystal structure-surface morphology-delivery, bioavailability, dissolution rate and efficacy Crystal growth, polymorphism, particles, granules and coatings

Role of AFM : 

Role of AFM Surface structure at nanometer-to-subangstrom resolution Ambient and liquid environments Contact mode-constant vertical force-constant deflection (Fa) 0.1 and 100 nN Tapping mode-Fr-300 KHz, feedback loop maintains (RMS) –limits later and shear force, vertical force than contact mode Phase imaging and tapping mode image-viscoelasticity, adhesion, hydrophobicity, and other properties www.geobacter.org/research/nanowires/

Methods- crystal, polymorphism characterization : 

Methods- crystal, polymorphism characterization Hexamer of rhombohedral LysB28 ProB29 single crystal (C. Yip, Univ. of Toronto) polymorphic forms A and B of the drug cimetidine conducted by PhaseImaging with hydrophilic probes. (Roberts, Univ.of Nottingham)

AFM of Particle, granules : 

AFM of Particle, granules Paracetamol formed into drug particles by micronization and SEDS (Bradford Particle Design Ltd.,) Surface morphology of a wet granule of caffeine,lactose, and polymers. (Li, K.R. Morris, and K.Park, Purdue University)

AFM of tablet coating : 

AFM of tablet coating Protecting drug-air, humidity Barrier for taste,smell,dissolution Polymer coating-durable, less bulky. Surface morphology, roughness, surface area, compositional distribution, hardness, and porosity Aging and environment-shelf life Tablet coating for controlled- release (ALZA Corporation)

Results and discussion : 

Results and discussion Drug interaction Ligand -receptor and protein-DNA Antibody-antigen binding interactions Drug-DNA complexes Disease mechanisms

Slide 9: 

www.physorg.com/.../DielectricAFM-diagram3.jpg.(Georgia Institute of Technology) Testing binding specificity of functionalized AFM tips using model substrates (Yves F. Dufrêne Unité de Chimie des Interfaces Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium)

Slide 10: 

www.stm2.nrl.navy.mil/1997ieee/fig3.gif (David R. et.al ) Ligand-receptor interaction study (Ref;Yoko Yamakoshi)

conclusion : 

conclusion Physicochemical properties leads disease mechanism study Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, pancreatitis, and cancer. Recognition force-DNA interaction gives gene therapy Pharmaceutical information by AFM-rational/optimal formulation procedure. Brain lipid extract bilayers by Tapping Mode in PBS. (C. Yip, Univ.of Toronto)

References : 

References Atomic Force Microscopy in the Pharmaceutical Sciences:Drug Interactions and Disease Mechanisms John T. Thornton Veeco Metrology Group Using AFM in Pharmaceutical Studies of Drug Crystal Growth, Particles, and Coatings. John T. Thornton