Grammar and Punctuation

Grammar and Punctuation : 

Grammar and Punctuation A crash course… brought to you by your teacher and Kade I did this assignment for extra credit. I’m as excited about grammar and punctuation as you are… I will share exactly what you need to know… in my own way… Don’t worry, it’s all accurate. It’s all good.

Guided Review : 

Guided Review Reading and Writing for Success p. 198-224 Grammar Parts of Speech Important terms Subject Predicate Phrase Clause Fixing Most Common Grammar Errors Run-ons Sentence fragments Commas

Parts of Sentences : 

Parts of Sentences The bits and pieces that make sentences … sentences.

Grammar terms a la Kade… : 

Grammar terms a la Kade… Nouns: these are the do-ers in the sentence (people, places, things… ideas) Adjectives: adjectives describe do-ers. Pronouns: pronouns are words used in place of naming the do-ers. They save you from repeating the same noun and sounding redundant. Prepositions: words that describe how nouns relate to the sentence (i.e. of, as, at) Verbs: verbs identify what is being done (action verbs) Adverbs: you guessed it, adverbs are words that describe the action (i.e. how something happens, where it happens, when it happens) Articles: special little adjectives that introduce nouns, and they appear before the noun (i.e. ‘the’ tedious grammar lesson… ‘the’ is the article). Conjunctions: the joiners, conjunctions bring words, phrases or clauses together

For Example: : 

For Example: She sells sea shells on the sea shore. Pronoun Verb Adjective Noun Preposition Article Adjective Noun

Important terms to know : 

Important terms to know Subject: usually appears early in the sentence and contains the main noun in the sentence Predicate: often comes after the subject and contains the main verb in the sentence Phrase: words that work together like a team. You can have noun phrases, verb phrases, etc., but we’re not going to worry about them at this point. Clause: like a phrase except clauses have a subject and a predicate in them. Independent clauses can be sentences all on their own. Dependent clauses need an independent clause to make sense.

For Example: : 

For Example: While he flips burgers, she sells sea shells on the sea shore. Independent Clause Dependent Clause

That’s it for the grammar…for now… : 

That’s it for the grammar…for now…

Fixing Most Common Grammar Errors : 

Fixing Most Common Grammar Errors Run-onsSentence fragmentsCommas

Run On Sentences : 

Run On Sentences Have you ever been in a conversation with someone who wouldn’t stop talking? Not even to breathe? That’s how run-on sentences feel for readers. The words just jumble together and readers can’t follow what’s being said.

Run On Sentences : 

Run On Sentences I finished my homework and went to the mall Lana and Phillip were watching the fashion show then I came home. There are really three sentences here, but they are all jammed together. Breaking them up and using conjunctions can help them make sense. After I finished my homework, I went to the mall. I watched a fashion show with Lana and Phillip, and I came home. Before After Reading and Writing for Success, p. 199

Teacher moment!Now, try one on your own. : 

Teacher moment!Now, try one on your own. At the end of camp I packed my bags we all got on the train I couldn’t find my wallet. Possible Answer: At the end of camp, I packed my bags. When we all got on the train, I couldn’t find my wallet.

Sentence Fragments : 

Sentence Fragments Sentence fragments are missing that special something… like subjects… predicates… or independent clauses. More simply stated… sentence fragments are incomplete, because we can read them 100 times and still not know what happened! Frustrating for your reader! Our teacher is going to take over for the next example… I just couldn’t get serious about talking about puppies… you’ll see…

Teacher Moment!Sentence fragments : 

Teacher Moment!Sentence fragments Drank the Slurpee. Who drank it? That wiggly puppy. What did the puppy do? If I hadn’t dropped the Slurpee. Then what? What would have happened if you hadn’t dropped it? The puppy drank the Slurpee. Oh, now I know WHO did it! That wiggly puppy jumped down. Now, I know what the puppy did! If I hadn’t dropped the Slurpee, my puppy wouldn’t have drank it. Perfect! I know exactly what happened! Before After Reading and Writing for Success, p. 199-200

This section is about COMMAS (not comas…Trust me… it matters!) : 

This section is about COMMAS (not comas…Trust me… it matters!) Some writers use too many; some writers use too few. Good writers follow the rules and use commas when they’re supposed to. Here’s just a few quick rules about commas… more info can be found on p. 200-202 in your Reading and Writing for Success textbook.

Let’s compare: : 

Let’s compare: “The lousy weather caused by a distant hurricane ruined our family picnic.” “Well,” he said, “I just don’t, quite, understand,” as he read the instructions. Too Few Commas: Too Many Commas:

4 Quick ‘n Easy Rules to Fix Comma Issues : 

4 Quick ‘n Easy Rules to Fix Comma Issues For example: I like real music bands like Nirvana, Foo Fighters, and Radiohead. For example: “The lousy weather, caused by a distant hurricane, ruined our family picnic.” 1. If you’re listing stuff, you need to have commas between the words in the list: Reading and Writing for Success, p. 201 2. Use commas to set aside dependent clauses that add extra info, but aren’t necessary for the sentence to make sense.

4 Quick ‘n Easy Rules to Fix Comma Issues : 

4 Quick ‘n Easy Rules to Fix Comma Issues “The camping trip was a disaster because of the lousy weather.” “The camping trip, which I never wanted to take, was a disaster because of the lousy weather.” He read the instructions and said, “Well, I just don’t quite understand.” 3. Don’t separate the subject and a verb with commas, unless you are adding a dependent clause (see previous slide). 4. When in doubt, take ‘em out! If you think you have too many commas, rephrase your sentence. Reading and Writing for Success, p. 201-2

It’s over! : 

It’s over!

Credits : 

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