Ionic Compounds Nomenclature

Introduction To Chemical Formulas : 

Introduction To Chemical Formulas Chemical Formula - a combination of the chemical symbols that show what elements make up a compound and the number of atoms of each element present in one unit of the compound Element Symbols = element Subscript = number of atoms of each element Example: H2O H is for Hydrogen; The subscript indicates there are two H’s O is for Oxygen; No subscript indicates one O It’s understood that only one ion or atom of an element is present if there is no subscript

Binary Compounds : 

Binary Compounds Binary compound – a compound that contains only two elements Binary compounds can contain more than one ion of each element (CaF2), but they are not composed of three or more different elements

Ionic Compounds : 

Ionic Compounds Formulas and Naming

Binary Ionic CompoundsWriting Chemical Formulas : 

Binary Ionic CompoundsWriting Chemical Formulas In a covalent compound, the smallest unit of the compound is a molecule, so formula represents a single molecule or a compound. However, ionic compounds do not form molecules. There structure are repeating patterns of ions. Analyze the NaCl crystal. Predict what the correct formula should be NaCl, Na2Cl2 or Na3Cl3

Binary Ionic CompoundsWriting Chemical Formulas : 

Binary Ionic CompoundsWriting Chemical Formulas A properly written formula for an ionic compound has the simplest possible ratio of the ions present Formula Unit - The simplest ratio of ions in a compound Examples:

Binary Ionic CompoundsPractice Writing Chemical Formulas : 

Binary Ionic CompoundsPractice Writing Chemical Formulas Write the chemical formulas for an ionic compound formed between these atoms: Remember the sum of the oxidation #’s (charge) needs to equal zero Metals (groups 1,2 & 13) will lose e- Nonmetals (groups 15,16 & 17) will gain e- Potassium and Fluorine Calcium and Chlorine Aluminum and Fluorine Aluminum and Oxygen

Binary Ionic CompoundsPractice Writing Chemical Formulas : 

Binary Ionic CompoundsPractice Writing Chemical Formulas Write the chemical formulas for an ionic compound formed between these atoms: Remember the sum of the oxidation #’s (charge) needs to equal zero Metals (groups 1,2 & 13) will lose e- Nonmetals (groups 15,16 & 17) will gain e- Potassium and Fluorine KF Calcium and Chlorine CaCl2 Aluminum and Fluorine AlF3 Aluminum and Oxygen Al2O3

Binary Ionic CompoundsNaming : 

Binary Ionic CompoundsNaming A binary ionic compound is composed of ions of two different elements - one of which is a metal, and the other a nonmetal. For example, sodium iodide, NaI, is composed of sodium ions, Na+ (elemental sodium is a metal), and iodide ions, I- (elemental iodine is a nonmetal).

Binary Ionic CompoundsNaming : 

Binary Ionic CompoundsNaming Rule 1. The cation is written first in the name; the anion is written second in the name.Rule 2. The name of the cation is the same as the (neutral) element from which it is derived (e.g., Na+ = "sodium").Rule 3. The anion is named by adding the suffix -ide to the root of the element name (e.g., I- = "iodide"). Examples: Sodium Chloride (NaCl), Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3)

Binary Ionic CompoundsPractice Naming : 

Binary Ionic CompoundsPractice Naming Write the name for these ionic compounds: Remember: First write the name of the cation (positive) Then write name of nonmetal (negatively charged ion) whose name has been modified with –ide KF CaCl2 AlF3

Binary Ionic CompoundsPractice Naming : 

Binary Ionic CompoundsPractice Naming Write the name for these ionic compounds: Remember: First write the name of the cation (positive) Then write name of nonmetal (negatively charged ion) whose name has been modified with –ide KF Potassium fluoride CaCl2 Calcium chloride AlF3 Aluminum fluoride

Binary Ionic Compounds : 

Binary Ionic Compounds “Bonding with a friend” Activity You will receive and index card with an element’s name, symbol and oxidation # Your goal is to find another classmate that you can bond with to form an ionic compound Write the name, formula unit and overall charge of the ionic compound Switch cards with your bonding buddy Repeat the process to make at least five different ionic compounds

Polyatomic AToms : 

Polyatomic AToms Polyatomic Ion - An ion that has two or more different elements Electrons are shared between the atoms within the ion, forming covalent bonds. Individual atoms have no charge, the group as a whole has an overall charge