male reproductive system

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The Male Reproductive System Submitted to: Sir Mohammad Akram

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Ovoid glands that are suspended in the scrotum Attached to scrotal tissue and spermatic cords Consist of many lobules (250-300 in each testis The male sex organs that produce sperm and male sex hormones . Testes

Male Reproductive System:

Male Reproductive System The testes are each surrounded by two protective coats (or tunics): Tunica Vaginalis (outer Layer) extension of peritoneum Tunica Albuginea (Inner Layer) extends between each of the lobules

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Seminiferous tubule Tuburi recti (straight tubule) Rete testis Efferent ductule Epididymis Vas deferens Sperm passage

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Seminiferous tubule

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Each lobule contains: Seminiferous Tubules for spermatogenesis Interstitial cells of Leydig that secrete testosterone. Seminiferous tubule Leydig cell Leydig cell

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Cells in seminiferous tubule Primary spermatocyte Spermatogonium Secondary spermatocyte Spermatid Sperm or spermatozoon Sertoli’s cell (sustentacular cell) Spermatogenic cell Supporting cell

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form basal and adluminal compartments in seminiferous tubules. These cells are tightly joined to form blood-testis barrier to prevent antigenic reactions to sperm's proteins--possible basis for male contraceptive. Sustentacular cells or Sertoli cell

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Spermatogonium อยู่ชิด basement membrane นิวเคลียสกลมและโครมาตินอัดแน่น cytoplasm มักย้อมไม่ติดสี จำแนกย่อยได้เป็น 2 ชนิด

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Spermatogonium type A Spermatogonium type B 1 . นิวเคลียสกลม 2. Chromatin อัดแน่น 3. นิวเคลียสติดสีเข้ม 1 . นิวเคลียสมี chromatin หลวม 2. นิวเคลียสมี nucleolus ตรงกลาง 3 . นิวเคลียสติดสีจาง mitosis

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ขนาด 2 เท่าของ spermatogonia, อยู่ 2 แถวบนเหนือ spermatogonia Chromatin พันกันยุ่ง Citoplasm ใหญ่ Primary spermatocyte Secondary spermatocyte แบ่งตัวเร็ว ไม่ค่อยเห็น

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อยู่ใกล้กับ lumen, มีทั้ง early หรือ late stage นิวเคลียสมีขนาดเล็กลงและติดสีเข้ม อยู่กันเป็นกลุ่ม Spermatid

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head (genetic) with acrosome midpiece (metabolic)containingmitochondria tail (locomotor) which is a flagellum Sperm or spermatozoon

Gametogenesis:

Gametogenesis 1 n Primary spermatocyte Spermatogonium Secondary spermatocyte Spermatid Sperm or spermatozoon spermatogenesis spermiogenesis

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Process of maturation and differentiation spermiogenesis เป็นขั้นตอนที่นานที่สุด ไม่มีการแบ่งตัวอีก มีแต่การเปลี่ยนแปลงรูปร่าง

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Mature sperm has : head with nucleus (23 chr) and acrosome midpiece (has mitochondria that produce energy), tail (make sperm motile) has 46 chromosomes in 23 pairs : 22 pairs of non-sex chromosomes, or autosomes, 1 pair of sex chromosomes Sperm

Gametogenesis:

Gametogenesis 1 n Primary spermatocyte Spermatogonium Secondary spermatocyte Spermatid Sperm or spermatozoon spermatogenesis spermiogenesis

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Process of maturation and differentiation spermiogenesis

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ABP Sertoli’s cell FSH testosterone Seminiferous tubule spermatogenesis LH Leydig’s cell testosterone

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Interstitial cell of Leydig นิวเคลียสใหญ่ , ไซโทพลาสซึมใส อยู่ใกล้ capillary มี Nucleolus ชัดเจน

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1. round cell 2. central nucleus 3. acidophilic cytoplasm 4. lipid droplets 5. secretes testosterone Leydig cell Interstitial (Leydig) Cells

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communicating channels between the straight tubules and efferent tubules (ductules). lined by simple cuboidal epithelium . No smooth muscle มี myoid หดตัวแทน Rete testis

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Epithelium เป็น simple ciliated columnar สลับ simple cuboidal Pseudostratified columnar epithelium Efferent ductule

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Epididymis Highly folded duct approx 6m long, for the passage of sperm from the testis to the vas deferens. It has 3 divisions: Head: connected to the testes receiving immature sperm Body Tail: continuous with the vas deferens, contains smooth muscle and during ejaculation, contractions of the smooth muscle expel mature sperm into the vas deferens. Sperm may be stored in the epididymis from 18 hrs - 20 days. During this time the sperm mature, including becoming motile, so they can fertilize an ovum.

epididymis:

epididymis Epithelium เป็น pseudostratified columnar epi. With sterreocilia Lamina propria เป็น CNT มี elastic fiber มาก smooth m. เรียงตัวแนว circular

Ejaculatory duct:

Ejaculatory duct Ejaculatory duct Ampulla of vas deferens Seminal vesicle

Male Reproductive System:

Male Reproductive System Ejaculatory ducts Short tubes that descend through the prostate gland and terminate in the urethra. Formed by the union of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle ducts

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adventitia muscular mucosa muscalar mucosa ducts deferens

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outer longitudinal inner longitudinal middle circular Pseudostratified columnar epi.

Male Reproductive System:

Male Reproductive System Seminal Vesicles 2 glands behind prostate gland, size & shape of finger, secretes viscous fluid = 60-70% of seminal fluid (nourish & energize sperm) Also secrete fructose, citric acid, amino acids and Prostaglandins.

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Note the foldings of the mucosa epithelium which can be a mixture of pseudostratified columnar, or simple columnar, and the cuboidal muscularis (an ill-defined inner circular and an outer longitudinal muscle coat). serosa muscular mucosa 3 layers Seminal vesicle

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mucosa serosa Folded mucosa epithelium: pseudostratified epithelium [columnar or cuboidal] รูปร่างไม่แน่นอน

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epithelium:pseudostratified epithelium[columnar or cuboidal]

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Prostate gland urhra

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Prostate gland below bladder. Surrounds the ejaculatory duct and part of the urethra. Secretes a thin liquid that is milky, alkaline and constitutes 30% of the seminal fluid volume Responsible for raising the pH of the female vagina. Provides lubrication during coitus

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prostatic glandular tissue [parenchyma] with simple columnar to pseudostratified glandular epithelium . stroma that surrounds the glands, it is described as fibromuscular because it contains smooth muscle mixed with the connective tissue. prostatic concretions ( corpora amylacea ) are sometimes seen in the lumen of the glands.

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Epithelium แตกต่างกันไป Low cumnar จนถึง Pseudostratified columnar epi. Secretion ที่เป็น glycoprotein mass เรียกว่า copora amylacea prostatic concretion หินปูน

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prostatic concretion

Male Reproductive System:

Male Reproductive System Cowper’s Glands below prostate, 2 pea-sized glands connect to urethra by ducts; secrete thick, clear mucus before ejaculation (at tip of penis) alkaline to protect sperm from acidic vagina.

Male Reproductive System:

Male Reproductive System Penis Copulatory organ of the external genitalia. Contains 3 compartments of erectile tissue Two "corpora cavernosa" One "corpus spongiosum" which lies ventrally in the penis and houses the spongy urethra. Expands at the end of the penis into the "glans penis". Leads to erect penis – compression of vessels prevents blood flow out. When aroused, inc. blood into penis, these compartments fill and expand

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Two "corpora cavernosa corpus spongiosum Erectile tissue