Microorganisms and Food Spoilage

Microorganisms and Food Spoilage:

Microorganisms and Food Spoilage

What is Food spoilage?:

What is Food spoilage? Spoilage is the process in which food deteriorates to the point in which it is not edible to humans or its quality of edibility becomes reduced. Various external forces are responsible for the spoilage of food. Food that is capable of spoiling is referred to as perishable food .

Why does this occur?:

Why does this occur? Harvested crops decompose from the moment they are harvested due to attacks from microorganisms. These include bacteria, mold, yeast, and other microorganisms.

Food poisoning:

Food poisoning Food poisoning is when someone gets sick from eating food or drink that has gone bad or is contaminated . There are two kinds of food poisoning: poisoning by toxic agent or by communicable agent. Food infection is when the food contains bacteria or other microbes which infect the body after it is eaten.

Food poisoning:

Food poisoning The leftovers in the fridge smelled a little weird, but you went ahead and ate them. You were so hungry, you didn't even heat them up. A couple of hours later, though, you started to feel sick. Powerful waves of pain rumbled through your stomach. They went away, but not for long. Then you even threw up! That sounds like a case of food poisoning. No one put poison in your food, but bacteria probably grew in the food in the fridge and those bacteria made you sick. Food poisoning can be mild and last just a short time or can be more serious. Let's find out how to avoid it

What Is Food Poisoning?:

What Is Food Poisoning ? Food poisoning comes from eating foods that contain germs like bad bacteria or toxins, which are poisonous substances. Bacteria are all around us, so mild cases of food poisoning are common. You may have had mild food poisoning — with diarrhea and an upset stomach — but your mom or dad just called it a stomach bug or stomach virus.

Slide 9:

You might think the solution is to get rid of all the bacteria. But it isn't possible and you wouldn't want to do it, even if you could. Bacteria are all around us, including in food, and sometimes they can be good for you. It's confusing, but one thing is for sure — the bacteria in the rotten leftovers weren't good for you. But you can learn how to avoid those bad germs in food

Slide 10:

Symptoms start many hours to many days after eating. Depending on what the cause of the poisoning was, they can include one or more of the following: nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, gastroenteritis, fever, pain in the head or fatigue . Symptoms

“Better pay the chef than the doctor!”:

“Better pay the chef than the doctor!” Proverb to prevent F ood Poisoning

Food preservation:

Food preservation What is food preservation? Food preservation is the process of treating and handling food With an aim to stop or slow down its spoilage while maintaining Its nutritional value, texture, and flavor . Since microorganisms are one of the major causes of food Spoilage, food preservation involves creating conditions un- favorable for there growth. Food preservation methods either Kill microbes or prevent their growth.

Different methods of food preservation:

Different methods of food preservation The methods are: 1.Boiling 2. Dehydration 3 . Refrigeration & freezing 4.Canning 5 . Using chemical preservatives 6 . Using Salt, sugar, oil, or vinegar 7 . Pasteurization

Pasteurization:

Pasteurization Involves heating a foodstuff to a high temperature and then cooling it rapidly. This helps in destroying harmful microbes without changing the composition, flavor or nutritive value of the foodstuff. This process is named after the French chemist, Louis Pasteur, who discovered it in the 19 th century. Commercially available milk is first heated to a high temperature for about half a minute and cooled rapidly. Then stored at temperatures lower than 10 degree Celsius. This process first kills the germs by killing and then stops the baby germs to die by rapidly cooling it down.

Food Irradiation:

Food Irradiation It is a technology that involves the use of ionizing radiation to destroy harmful microbes in food. Each year, an estimated 500,000 metric tones of food is treated using this technique worldwide. Tech Specs

CANNING:

CANNING Storing food items in airtight cans is an way of preserving them. Food items such as Jams, Vegetables, Fish, and even cooked food are canned and sold in the market.

Using chemical Preservatives:

Using chemical Preservatives Any substance that helps preserve food or any other food item is known as a preservative. Examples of chemical preservatives are sodium, benzoate, potassium, metabisulphite, which are used in squashes and ketchups

Using salt, sugar, vinegar, oil:

Using salt, sugar, vinegar, oil Salt, sugar, vinegar, oil creates an environment that prevents microbial growth and therefore used for preserving foodstuff.

Boiling:

Boiling Boiling is the rapid vaporization of a liquid , which occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point , the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding environmental pressure. In places where the available water supply is contaminated with disease-causing bacteria , boiling water and allowing it to cool before drinking it is practiced as a valuable health measure. Boiling is the most certain way of killing all microorganisms in emergency situations.

Dehydration:

Dehydration Dehydration involves removal of water one of the key requirements for microbial growth from the food items. Food items such As cereals and pulses are generally dried under sun to remove the moisture present in them which stops the growth of microbes because they need water and food to grow when it is dried there is no water so they eventually die.

Refrigeration:

Refrigeration Refrigeration preserves food by slowing down the growth and reproduction of micro-organisms and the action of enzymes which cause food to rot. The introduction of commercial and domestic refrigerators drastically improved the diets of many in the Western world by allowing foods such as fresh fruit, salads and dairy products to be stored safely for longer periods, particularly during warm weather.

Thank You Hope You learnt more about food spoilage and microorganisms:

Thank You Hope You learnt more about food spoilage and microorganisms Made by –Prannoy Mehta