BATTERY PPT

Views:
 
     
 

Presentation Description

No description available.

Comments

By: gazal7 (7 month(s) ago)

may i download it please ,,,,,,,

By: meetujain (16 month(s) ago)

gv me ur id

By: marisamy5 (16 month(s) ago)

i want to down load your file let me know how

Presentation Transcript

PRESENTATION ON WORKING OF BATTERIES SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY: Mr. AMANDEEP S. PATTI NAVDEEP VERMA MANISHA NEHA TANDON NANCY

CONTENTS : 

CONTENTS WHAT IS BATTERY? HISTORY OF BATTERIES TYPES OF BATTERIES PARTS OF BATTERIES TERMS RELATING TO BATTERIES WORKING OF BATTERIES BATTERIES ARRANGMAENTS WHY RECHARGEBLE BATTERIES ? WHEN NOT TO USE RECHARGEBLE BATTERY HOW IT IS RECHARGED? REASONS OF BATTERY DEGRADATION

What is BATTERY? : 

What is BATTERY? A system which converts chemical energy into electrical energy More correctly, a battery is an electrochemical cell Galvanic Cells Electrolytic Cells

HISTORY OF BATTERIES : 

HISTORY OF BATTERIES 1800 Voltaic pile: silver zinc 1836 Daniell cell 1899 Junger: nickel cadmium cell 1946 Neumann: sealed NiCd 1960s Alkaline, rechargeable NiCd 1970s Lithium, sealed lead acid 1990 Nickel metal hydride (NiMH) 1991 Lithium ion 1992 Rechargeable alkaline 1999 Lithium ion polymer

TYPES OF BATTERY : 

TYPES OF BATTERY There are really only two types: Disposable (Primary Cell) For e.g :-Zinc-chloride batteries Alkaline batteries Button cells Lithium-ion batteries Rechargeable (Secondary cell) For e.g:-Accumulators

PARTS OF BATTERIES : 

PARTS OF BATTERIES A cell has three main parts:- ELECTROLYTE ANODE CATHODE SEPRATOR

TERMS RELATING TO BATTERIES : 

TERMS RELATING TO BATTERIES Oxidation:- Loss of Electrons is Oxidation Reduction:- Gain of Electrons is Reduction Anode:- where oxidation takes place. Cathode:- where reduction takes place Voltage:- is the electrical energy that it gives off, measured in volts (V) Current:- is the rate at which electrons pass through the cell, measured in amperes (A)

WORKING OF BATTERIES : 

WORKING OF BATTERIES Nickel-Cadmium Battery Cathode NiO(OH) Anode Cd Separator NaOH

WORKING OF BATTERIES : 

WORKING OF BATTERIES Nickel-Cadmium battery:- the reactions look something like this: Oxidation:- Cd(s) + 2 OH- (aq) → Cd(OH)2(s) + 2 e- Reduction:- 2NiO(OH)(s) + 2 H2O(l) + 2 e- → 2Ni(OH)2(s) + 2 OH- (aq) Net:- Cd(s) + 2NiO(OH)(s) + 2 H2O(l) → Cd(OH)2(s) + 2Ni(OH)2(s) Electrons moving from one place to another – this is electricity No`s of electrons in oxidation and reduction must be same.

Contd… : 

Contd… Alkaline Battery They all have the same voltage, because they’re all based on the same electrochemical cell

Contd… : 

Contd… Reactions in Alkaline Batteries Oxidation Zn(s) + 2 OH- (aq) → Zn(OH)2(s) + 2 e- Reduction 2 MnO2(s) + H2O(l) + 2 e- → Mn2O3(s) + 2 OH- (aq) Net Zn(s) + 2 MnO2(s) + H2O(l) → Zn(OH)2(s) + Mn2O3(s)

BATTERIES ARRANGMENTS : 

BATTERIES ARRANGMENTS Serial arrangements :- In serial arrangements voltages add up Parallel arrangements:- In parallel arrangements currents add ups

WHY RECHARGEBLE BATTERIES? : 

WHY RECHARGEBLE BATTERIES? Purchasing rechargeable batteries saves money. Protects the environment They can be reused many times ,reducing operating cost.

WHEN NOT TO USE RECHARGEBLE BATTERY? : 

WHEN NOT TO USE RECHARGEBLE BATTERY? They lose up to 1% of their power capacity per day. Emergency equipment (flashlights, radios, emergency medical devices, etc…). Low-power-use devices in difficult-to-access areas (field monitoring devices).

HOW IT IS RECHARGED? : 

HOW IT IS RECHARGED? Recharge process is the reverse of the discharge process. An external source of direct electrical current supplies electrons to the anode and removes them from cathode, forcing the chemical reactions into reverse.

REASONS OF BATTERY DEGRADATION : 

REASONS OF BATTERY DEGRADATION Battery is connected to a device Battery is charged   Battery is opened   Battery is chemically activated

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION