Slide 2:
Macroscopic appearances
Macule (Fig. 7.1A)
A flat, circumscribed lesion; an area of colour
or textural change. Macules are seen in vitiligo
(hypopigmentation), freckles (hyperpigmentation)
and capillary haemangioma (red/purple).
Papule (Fig. 7.1B)
A solid, circumscribed, palpable elevation of skin less
than 5 mm in diameter. They can appear in various
forms: e.g. dome shaped (xanthomas), flat topped
(lichen planus).
Slide 3:
Nodule (Fig. 7.1C)
An elevation more than 5 mm in diameter that may
be either solid or oedematous. Nodules are seen
in rheumatoid arthritis, and a dermatofibroma is
another example of this type of lesion.
Plaque (Fig. 7.1D)
A plaque is an extended, flat-topped lesion, a palpable
Slide 4:
elevation of skin (measuring no more than 5 mm in
elevation but generally more than 2 cm in diameter).
Plaques are commonly seen in psoriasis and mycosis
fungoides (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma).
Blister (Fig. 7.1E)
A lesion of any size, filled with clear fluid, that
forms because of cleavage of the epidermis. It
may be a result of constant abrasion of the skin,