Environment Above All

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Department of Environment and Natural Resources

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Environment... ABOVE ALL. . . . Future

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“In the end, we will conserve only what we love, we will love only what we understand, and we will understand only what we are taught.” Baba Dioum Senegalese Conservationist

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Environment ? Biodiversity Land, Water, Air Non-Renewable Resources Renewable Resources

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Biodiversity is the variety and variability of life forms and the habitats that they occupy 3 Levels of Biodiversity

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ECOSYSTEM DIVERSITY MARINE FRESH WATER FOREST MANGROVE

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GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM

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Mangrove Ecosystem

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Forest Ecosystem

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211 Lakes, 18 major rivers, 22 marshes, swamps and reservoir INLAND WATERS

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Wetland Ecosystem

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MARINE ECOSYSTEM Reef Fishes Coral Reef Seagrass

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Species Diversity

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Genetic Diversity

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Importance of Biodiversity

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More than 90% of the calories consumed by people worldwide come from 80 plant species Genes of certain organisms contain desired traits which are useful for the improvement of agricultural crops

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About 80% of the world’s population still use plants as their primary source of medicine. Close to 30% of all pharmaceuticals on the market today were developed from plants and animals. Lagundi

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Fuel, timber, Fiber and other resources Most houses, furniture and even many clothes are made from natural products, including wood, oils, resins, waxes, gums and fibers. The cocoons of silk worms are the basis of the valuable, centuries-old Asian silk-making industry.

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Air and Water Purification Forests purify our air and our water by taking in carbon dioxide, regulating water vapor, releasing oxygen, and cycling nutrients.

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Climate Modification Global Warming, Green House Effect

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Drought and Flood control

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Aesthetic Values …we conserve the environment not only to save ourselves but also to give meaning to our existence. Life is meaningful not only because we assure the survival of the future generations but because we also get to FEED OUR SOULS.” --Fernandez, CEP, Vol.III, 1993

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BIODIVERSITY IS THE SOURCE OF LIFE FOR ALL!! LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEM

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Philippine Biodiversity Philippine Biodiversity did you know that….

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105 species of AMPHIBIANS… …82 species are FOUND ONLY in the Philippines

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…with 208 sp. endemic to the Philippines More than 254 species of Reptiles

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BIRDS We have more than 576 species of birds 195 of these occur only in the Philippines.

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Of the 179 species of land mammals, 111 species are found only in the Philippines

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Around 20,940 species of insects 69.8% are endemics

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estimated 15,000 species, 50% are endemics 70 – 80% Flowering plants 193 Threatened species

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Mangroves 37 species in the world 34 species occur in the Philippines

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Corals 12 species are endemic to the Philippines & Indonesia 20 species recently described in the Calamianes 1 new species of Leptoseris in the Kalayaan Is.

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Reef Fish  2500 species  915 species reef and reef-associated fish 22,000 species freshwater, land and marine mollusks

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Source: Heaney, 2002

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Threats to Philippine Biodiversity? How?

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LOGGING UPLAND AGRICULTURE FOREST FIRE ROAD DEVELOPMENT HABITAT DESTRUCTION

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Water/Chemical Pollution

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PHILIPPINES HAS THE SECOND MOST POLLUTED AIR AMONG EIGHT (8) ASEAN COUNTRIES AIR POLLUTION

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Unsustainable gathering/hunting

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Introduction of Exotic Species

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HUMAN IMPACTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT

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Climate Change/ Global Warming

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What now?

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YEAR Extent of Original Forest Cover in the Philippines (km2) Spanish colonization (270,000 km2) American colonization (210,000 km2) Philippine Independence (150,000 km2) Post EDSA Revolution (8,000 km2) Land area (300,000 km2) (400 years) (50 years) (40 years)

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Source: Environmental Science for Social Change, 1999 Extent of Forest Cover Loss in the last 100 years Less than 6% of the country’s original forest remains!

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Land Classification Marinduque at Present This is a worse scenario if we consider the National Standard which requires at least 48% public domain for forest purposes for a balance ecosystem…….

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This ratio placed MARINDUQUE as the 3rd most eroded province.

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Recently, also ranked as number 6 geo-hazard prone province in the country

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Principle of Environmental Stewardship ...WAR AGAINST OURSELVES!!!

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A SINGLE TREE CAN SEQUESTER 0.56 MT of CO2 IN ITS LIFE TIME. IF ALL FILIPINOS WILL PLANT TREES, THERE WILL BE 96,061,680 TREES THAT WILL CAPTURE EMISSIONS OF 960,617 CARS. HENCE, THAT IS ENOUGH TO COUNTER AIR POLLUTION IN OUR MAJOR THOROUGHFARES.

Exotic Tree Species : 

Exotic Tree Species Common Name Scientific Name Wattle Acacia auriculiformis African tulip Spathodea campanulata Anchoan dilau Cassia spectabilis Caballero Caesalpinia pulcherima Fire tree Delonix regia Golden showerCassia fistula Indian tree Polyalthea longifolia Neem Azaderachta indica Rain tree Samanea saman Yemane Gmelina arborea Giant Ipil-ipil Leucaena leucocephala Mahogany Swietenia macrophylla Teak Tectona grandis Mollucan sau Paraserianthes falcataria Mangium Acacia mangium

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SAVING THE ENVIRONMENT is a CELEBRATION OF LIFE Thank you!