PUC I MITOSIS

Slide 1: 

MITOSIS Compiled by: R.M.Mahindrakar Principal J.S.S.P.U.COLLEGE GOKAK

Slide 2: 

chromosomes Packaging of genetic material in prokaryotes and eukaryotes prokaryote cell eukaryote cell

Slide 3: 

The Stages of the Cell Cycle

Slide 4: 

Every dividing tissue cell in the body is always at anyone stage of the cell cycle. The cell cycle of MITOSIS includes: STAGES OF MITOSIS Cytokinesis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase

INTERPHASE : 

INTERPHASE After a cell has divided, the two new cells begin the process again, the cells at this stage are in Interphase. Cell cycle It is divided into three mini stages:- G1 S G2

Slide 6: 

The Sub Stages of INTERPHASE:

M stage of MITOSIS : 

M stage of MITOSIS Mitotic Stage The nucleus and cytoplasm split to make two new cells known as DIPLOID cells

BASIC GENETICS : 

BASIC GENETICS Each cell in the human body contains two sets of 23 chromosomes i.e. A total of 46 chromosomes. Mitosis identically replicates this information Each cell therefore has the same genetic material i.e. Two sets of 23 chromosomes (46 chromosomes)

Slide 9: 

Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase The Stages of Mitosis Interphase

PROPHASE : 

PROPHASE The chromatin (unravelled DNA) in the nucleus, condenses to form pairs of chromosomes. The centrioles in animal cell move to opposite ends of the nucleus. As this is happening the nucleolus begins to break down Nuclear membrane begins to break down

The Spindle : 

The Spindle Spindle formation takes place A spindle is a web type structure made up of microtubule fibres. It is essential for mitosis because it arranges the chromosomes into their correct positions in preparation for cell division. Mitotic centre Microtubule a spindle The plasma membrane and nucleolus completely disappears The chromosomes scatter in the cytoplasm.

Chromosomes attached to spindle during nuclear division : 

Chromosomes attached to spindle during nuclear division

METAPHASE : 

METAPHASE The spindle becomes fully developed

A Chromosome : 

A Chromosome

: 

The structure of a highly condensed, replicated chromosome i.e. A Metaphase chromosome

ANAPHASE : 

ANAPHASE The chromatid pairs are split into two (This is done by movement of the spindle fibres) The pairs then travel to opposite ends of the spindle The halved chromatids are now called chromosomes

TELOPHASE : 

TELOPHASE Two new nuclei are formed when the chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell The chromosomes uncoil and become long chromatin threads The nuclear membrane and nocleolus are reformed The spindle disappears.

REMEMBER! : 

REMEMBER! Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

CYTOKINESIS : 

CYTOKINESIS Literally means, division of the cytoplasm Karyokinesis is the splitting of the nucleus. Cytokinesis is the splitting of cytoplasm It usually begins during ANAPHASE

Video clip of Mitosis in Plant Cell : 

Video clip of Mitosis in Plant Cell

Mitosis in animal cells. : 

Mitosis in animal cells.

Video of Mitosis in Animal Cell : 

Video of Mitosis in Animal Cell

Identify the stages of Mitosis : 

Identify the stages of Mitosis

Cell Turnover - The speed of mitosis : 

Cell Turnover - The speed of mitosis Although you may have seen a speeded up video of mitosis in action. One full cycle can vary between a couple of minutes to days. For example skin and epithelial cells have a rapid turnover in the human body in order to replace the ones constantly being worn away. Cells which make up organs such as the eye and the brain, need not multiply as often once they reach adult size.

Slide 27: 

Organs which need to produce new cells continuously have the highest turnover. For example:- Bone marrow- producing replacement blood cells The testes - producing semen

END OF MITOSIS : 

END OF MITOSIS