Matter (audio) Part 1 R1

Structure of Matter What is Matter?: 

Structure of Matter What is Matter?

Slide 2: 

2 2. Particles are in constant motion. 3. Particles have spaces between them. The spaces are much larger than the particles themselves. 4. Particles are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces. Everything in the Universe can be classified as either matter or energy ! So what is matter? Matter is anything that has mass and occupies a volume . Matter is the “stuff” the Universe is made of A Kaboom Key Concept! 1. All matter is composed of very tiny particles Define matter : This is the first statement of the Particle Model of Matter.

Slide 3: 

3 As temperature , the average energy of the particles Particles are in constant motion . . . The energy of the particles in matter determines particle motion and affects the how far apart the particles are from each other. We can think of particle energy as TEMPERATURE. The temperature determines increases increases the phase or state of the matter

Three Phases of Matter: 

DJY - Chemistry I 4 Three Phases of Matter

Adding heat allows particles to overcome the attractive forces that pull them together.: 

5 Adding heat allows particles to overcome the attractive forces that pull them together. Add heat

Slide 6: 

6 Solids – definite volume and shape; particles packed in fixed positions; particles can vibrate back and forth only

Slide 7: 

DJY - Chemistry I 7 Liquids – definite volume but indefinite shape; particles close together but not in fixed positions; particles are free to move (rotate)

Slide 8: 

DJY - Chemistry I 8 Gases – neither definite volume nor definite shape; particles are at great distances from one another; particles are free to move (translate)

Slide 9: 

9 Plasma – a plasma is an ionized gas. Plasma shares similar characteristics to gases. A plasma is also a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields.

Water phase changes: 

DJY - Chemistry I 10 Water phase changes Temperature remains __________ during a phase change. constant Heating Curve for Water (a pure substance)

Slide 11: 

11 Phase change diagram Exothermic (heat released) Endothermic (heat absorbed) Vaporization or boiling