15388_InformationSystemsPresentationFinal (1)

Computer Science: 

Computer Science Computer science (CS) is the systematic study of algorithmic methods for representing and transforming information, including their theory, design, implementation, application, and efficiency. The discipline emerged in the 1950s from the development of computability theory and the invention of the stored-program electronic computer. The roots of computer science extend deeply into mathematics and engineering. Mathematics imparts analysis to the field; engineering imparts design

The main branches of computer science are the following: : 

The main branches of computer science are the following: Algorithms is the study of effective and efficient procedures of solving problems on a computer. Theory of computation concerns the meaning and complexity of algorithms and the limits of what can be computed in principle. Computer architecture concerns the structure and functionality of computers and their implementation in terms of electronic technologies. Software systems is the study of the structure and implementation of large programs. It includes the study of programming languages and paradigms, programming environments, compilers, and operating systems. Artificial intelligence concerns the computational understanding of what is commonly called intelligent behavior and the creation of artifacts that exhibit such behavior.

Computer Engineering: 

Computer Engineering Computer engineering (CEN) is the design and prototyping of computing devices and systems. While sharing much history and many areas of interest with computer science, computer engineering concentrates its effort on the ways in which computing ideas are mapped into working physical systems.

The main branches of computer engineering are the following: : 

The main branches of computer engineering are the following: Networks is concerned with design and implementation of distributed computing environments, from local area networks to the World Wide Web. Multimedia computing is the blending of data from text, speech, music, still image, video and other sources into a coherent DataStream, and its effective management, coding-decoding and display. VLSI systems involves the tools, properties and design of micro-miniaturized electronic devices (Very Large Scale Integrated circuits). Reliable computing and advanced architectures considers how fault-tolerance can be built into hardware and software, methods for parallel computing, optical computing, and testing.

Information Systems: 

Information Systems

Outline: 

Outline Definitions Types of Information Systems Information Systems Vs Information Technology Expanding Roles of IS Classification of IS Enterprise Resource Planning Information Systems Development IS as Discipline Information systems: Opportunities and Challenges Conclusion

Definitions: 

Definitions Data Raw facts such as an employee’s name and number of hours worked in a week, inventory part numbers or sales orders. Information A collection of facts organized in such a way that they have additional value beyond the value of the facts themselves. Data Information $35,000 12 Units $12,000 J. Jones Western Region $100,000 100 Units 35 Units Data Processing Salesperson: J. Jones Sales Territory: Western Region Current Sales: 147 Units = $147,000

PowerPoint Presentation: 

Information Systems An information system(IS) is typically considered to be a set of interrelated elements or components that collect(input), manipulate(processes), and disseminate (output) data and information and provide a feedback mechanism to meet an objective. Open System Close System Definitions

PowerPoint Presentation: 

Open information systems - a system that allow information to be exchange between a general public without authorisation. The Internet is thus an open information system, where exchange of data is available for general public. Another system would be the modern office application suites, where the user can modify the appearance of the tool to suit their liking. Closed information systems - Whereas for closed information system exchange of data is limited to an authorisation. Closed information system usually used within an organisation, where data can be exchanged or data that can be accessed by users with computers in an organisation. Another example is an ATM, you have no chance to modify its operations, you use it for the information (and money) but you cannot vary it .

Types of Information Systems: 

Types of Information Systems Informal Information System Formal Information System Computer based Information System

PowerPoint Presentation: 

Formal Information System This system defines very clearly the work-flow system, communication flow-down and the authority. The information flows in terms of policies, goals, strategies, rules and regulations from the top level management to the bottom level of management.. The information also flows from the bottom level management to the top level in terms of feedback, results of work done etc. The informal information system should be employee based and cater to their development and solve their work related problem.

Computer-based Information System : 

An Information System is an organized combination of people, hardware, software, communication networks and the data resources that collects, transforms and disseminates information in a organization. Computer-based Information System

IS Vs IT: 

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Hardware Software Databases Networks Other related components are used to build INFORMATION SYSTEMS Payroll System Inventory System Marketing System Customer Service System IS Vs IT

Expanding Roles of IS: 

Expanding Roles of IS Data Processing: 1950s-1960s Management Reporting: 1960s-1970s Decision support: 1970s-1980s Strategic and End User Support: 1980s-1990s Global Internetworking: 1990s-2000s

Classification of IS: 

Classification of IS Information Systems Operations Support System Management Support System Transaction processing systems Process control systems Office automation systems Management information systems Decision support systems Executive information systems

PowerPoint Presentation: 

1. Operations support systems process data generated by business operations Major categories are: i) Transaction processing systems ii) Process control systems iii) Office automation systems 2. Management Support Systems provide information and support needed for effective decision making by managers Major categories are Management Information System Decision Support Systems Executive Information System

PowerPoint Presentation: 

Operations Support System i) Transaction processing systems Process business exchanges Maintain records about the exchanges Handle routine, yet critical, tasks Perform simple calculations ii) Process control systems monitor and control industrial processes. iii) Office automation systems automate office procedures and enhance office communications and productivity.

PowerPoint Presentation: 

2. Management support systems provide information and support needed for effective decision making by managers Major categories are: Management information systems Routine information for routine decisions Operational efficiency Use transaction data as main input Databases integrate MIS in different functional areas

PowerPoint Presentation: 

ii) Decision Support System Interactive support for non-routine decisions or problems End-users are more involved in creating a DSS than an MIS iii) Executive information systems provide critical information tailored to the information needs of executives

PowerPoint Presentation: 

Other categories Expert systems End user computing systems Business information systems d) Strategic information systems a) Expert Systems are knowledge-based systems that provides expert advice and act as expert consultants to the users b) End user computing systems support the direct, hands on use of computers by end users for operational and managerial applications c) Business information systems support the operational and managerial applications of the basic business functions of a firm d) Strategic information systems provide a firm which strategic products, services, and capabilities for competitive advantage

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): 

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Integrated programs that can manage a company’s entire set of business operations Often coordinate planning, inventory control, production and ordering

Information Systems Development: 

Information Systems Development

IS as Discipline: 

IS as Discipline IS is an interdisciplinary field influenced by Computer Science, Political Science, Psychology, Operations Research, Linguistics, Sociology, and Organizational Theory.

Challenges: 

Challenges Workforce downsizing Information overload Employee mistrust Difficult to built Security breaches

Opportunities : 

Opportunities Enhanced global competitiveness Capture market opportunities Support corporate strategy Enhance worker productivity Improve quality of goods and services

Conclusion: 

Conclusion Information Systems are indispensable to the business, industry, academia and any organization to meet the future challenges