AE-_ChallengesofTraditionalFamily_ppt(1)

Family Ethics : 

Family Ethics Lecture Five The Challenge of the Tradition 傳統家庭面臨的挑戰

Role of the Family in Traditional Agrarian Societies : 

Role of the Family in Traditional Agrarian Societies Three interrelated characteristics The family indeed was the basic working unit of economic organization; There was an emphasis of the hierarchical status relationships There was a considerable upward and downward mobility, in terms not of individuals but of families;

The Family Values : 

The Family Values There was in Chinese state ideology, particularly Confucianism, a concern and preoccupation with familial relationships and ethics far more pronounced than in most other known societies. Indeed, it was commonly held by traditional Chinese thinkers that harmonious families, organized on the basis of "proper" relations were fundamental to the maintenance of the state's social and political order. For instance, the concept of “xiao”孝 , or the notion of state-family 國家 (“齊家、治國、平天下”)

The Family Values : 

The Family Values “天下之本在於家” 中國傳統社會是一個農業社會，家庭是最重要的生產和消費的運作單位，這必然形成了國人社會生活的“家庭本位”、“家族至上”的特點。為了維護家庭的和諧與穩定，古代思想家提倡“家和睦鄰、仁愛禮讓、勤儉持家”等道德原則，倡導“父慈子孝、夫義婦順、兄友弟恭”等道德規範，形成傳統的家庭倫理。

Challenges of the traditional family values : 

Challenges of the traditional family values The Challenges of the traditional family values: Urbanization – the formation of nuclear families The practice of family planning The transformation of the role of women The pluralistic opinions and diversity of value systems towards marriage and sexuality

中國婚姻家庭發展的趨勢 : 

中國婚姻家庭發展的趨勢 家庭規模縮小，家庭結構趨於簡單化 婚姻家庭關係趨於平等，重心轉移 婚姻家庭的價值觀念出現個性化、理性化、多元化的傾向 家庭與家庭之間，傳統上起重要作用的親屬關係相對淡化， 以職業關係、鄰里關係、興趣愛好一致的趣緣關係為紐帶 的新型家庭關係網絡化趨勢出現

Language used in family ethical issues Today : 

Language used in family ethical issues Today Rights Responsibility Freedom of choice Care ethics 家庭道德內容的變化 家庭道德精神也在從家庭本位向個人與家庭 雙重價值取向轉變

Gender Stratification : 

Gender Stratification The Chinese family was male-centered, most emphatically with respect to the distribution of authority, patterns of residence, patterns of inheritance, and a pronounced preference for male offspring. While women could find ways of expressing their opinions and influencing events, it was mainly the men who directed family affairs, especially these pertaining to farm management or other major economic activities, and the family's overall relationships with the outside world.

The Role of Women : 

The Role of Women Family ethics have always been paramount in China. Being a wife is traditionally considered a woman's main role and the quality of marriage is closely connected with happiness. In the past, single and divorced women were societally snubbed, but this has begun to change.

The Role of Women : 

The Role of Women In Beijing in 1990, the number of single people between 30 and 50 was estimated at 100,000; in 2003, the number jumped to 500,000. Single females constitute 60 percent of all singles, and according to a Horizon Research Group survey conducted in six Chinese cities, 89.94 percent of well-educated females prefer the single life. - From China Today

The Role of Women : 

The Role of Women "Being single is a way of life that brings high expectations on quality of life," says Professor Yan Hong, PhD. "Some women don't want to be constrained by family burdens and children -- I am one of them." Yan, 33, is a single university professor and views marriage rationally: "Everything has two sides, and single and married life are no exceptions. No matter which life you choose, there are inevitable problems. My marital status will in no way influence my happiness and confidence."

Family Ties : 

Family Ties China's own philosophical traditions when he talks about business ethics with the Chinese. He gave this example of how he discusses the problem of corruption, which often includes favoring family and cronies. Some students of China have argued that the Chinese are encouraged in such favoritism by their traditions. They point to Confucius' focus on responsibility to family, citing his admonition that a person who sees his father steal a sheep should not turn his father over to the authorities.

The Role of Women : 

The Role of Women Family ethics

Marriage and Sexuality : 

Marriage and Sexuality Practice tenderness & appreciation. Nourish intimacy by a sensuous and satisfying sexual relationship. Develop a sexual relationship beyond sexual intercourse. Include sensitivity to one another's total needs. Become aware of the needs of the other at any given time. Protect the sacredness of their sexual relationship from becoming public. Are willing to try new ways of expressing their sexual love for each other. Know that forcing is contrary to the goal of lovemaking. Maintain the displays of affection that they showed when dating. Show affection and thoughtfulness. Keep their friendship alive. Give their spouse emotional support. Give their spouse respect and honor.

Opinion Poll : 

Opinion Poll 32%的网友表示自己会有婚前性行为，但希望伴侣是处男或处女。 不会有婚前性行为且要求伴侣也是处男或处女。（3825票） 32% 不会有婚前性行为也不要求伴侣是处男或处女。（636票） 6% 会有婚前性行为，但希望伴侣是处男或处女。（3787票） 32% 会有婚前性行为，伴侣是不是处男或处女也无所谓（3786票） 32%

婚前性行為和婚外戀 : 

婚前性行為和婚外戀 從調查資料來看，僅有15.26％的人認為，婚前性行為不道德，要“堅決反對”；12.77％的人雖認為婚前性行為不道德，但可以“理解”；32.68％的人則認為，只要真心相愛，婚前性行為無需指責；還有28.83％的人把婚前性行為劃入了“個人隱私”的領域。因此，就大多數人而言，婚前性行為是得到認可的、寬容的。接近八成的人認為，在道德之路上應為婚前性行為亮綠燈。 （生活服務導報 http://shfwdb.hinews.cn 2007年6月14日）

Same-Sex Marriage : 

Same-Sex Marriage Same-sex marriage is a term used to describe a legally or socially recognized marriage between two people of the same sex. Other terms used to describe this type of recognition include gay marriage, gender-neutral marriage, or marriage equality Same-sex marriage is a political, social, and religious issue in many western nations. Usually, it is closely related to the larger debate over societal acceptance of homosexual relationships. Proponents of same-sex marriage regard it as a human right to be able to enter into marriage regardless of the genders of the participants. Those who oppose same-sex marriage often base their opposition on the perceived societal impact of same-sex marriage, concerns about indirect consequences of same-sex marriage, parenting concerns, tradition, or religious grounds.

Same-Sex Marriage : 

Same-Sex Marriage Marriage vs. Civil unions, civil partnerships, domestic partnerships The U.S. Same-sex marriage movement founder Evan Wolfson does not feel civil unions are a replacement for full marriage equality

同性戀 : 

同性戀 中國社科院研究員、權威性學博士李銀河在中共兩會期間再次上交了《同性婚姻提案》，得到同性戀群體的廣泛關注及強烈支持。隨即，反映同性戀題材的電影《斷背山》(Brokeback Mountain )在奧斯卡金像獎上的大獲全勝，讓同性戀話題再一次成為人們關注的焦點。 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lql0mlPmk_Y

Same-Sex Marriage : 

Same-Sex Marriage 1. Is gay marriage a human rights issue? 2. Will legalize gay marriage corrupt all institutional models of the family?

Same-Sex Marriage: Pros and Cons : 

Same-Sex Marriage: Pros and Cons Why do same sex couples need or want to get married? Most same-sex couples already take on many of the same responsibilities as married couples, but have none of the legal protections or benefits that accompany civil marriage. In fact, despite taking responsibility for their partner's well being, both economically and emotionally, same sex couples are legally treated as nothing more than roommates! As a result, one partner is often denied visitation and involvement when the other is in the hospital; couples are refused "family “ health coverage, taxation, and inheritance rights; and are denied protection in case the relationship ends -- sometimes even resulting in a partner's children being taken away.

Same-Sex Marriage: Pro and Con : 

Same-Sex Marriage: Pro and Con “Gay marriage is not about civil rights. It is about society's evolving social and cultural values. This is an issue that can't be settled in the courts or in the political arena. Getting used to the idea is going to take time. Hearts and minds will change slowly, and in time even people who are uncomfortable with the idea may come around, not so much to support same-sex marriage as to tolerate it. I wonder if our children and grandchildren will look back on this debate and ask what all the fuss was about.” PHILIP GAILEY “Same-sex marriage not the end of morality”

Same-Sex Marriage: Pros and Cons : 

Same-Sex Marriage: Pros and Cons “The implications for society are enormous. We are watching the moral and social landscape of the nation be transformed before our eyes… The institution of marriage is so central to human society and, at the same time, so central to Christian theology that it is almost impossible to calculate the magnitude of this challenge. This is a deeply troubling and sobering moment.” From Time, April 10, 2009

Same-Sex Marriage: Pros and Cons : 

Same-Sex Marriage: Pros and Cons “Those who believe that morality is merely personal see nothing wrong with same-sex marriage, not to mention the “alternative lifestyles” that have given rise to it. They are fond of saying that this revolutionary change in human relationships will have no effect on marriage between a man and a woman. They are wrong, if not disingenuous.” Richard Reeb “Same-sex marriage does affect others”

Homophobia : 

Homophobia Homophobia (from Gk homós: one and the same; phóbos: fear, phobia) is defined as an "irrational fear of, aversion to, or discrimination against homosexuality or homosexuals", or individuals perceived to be homosexual; it is also defined as "unreasoning fear of or antipathy toward homosexuals and homosexuality", "fear of or contempt for lesbians and gay men", as well as "behavior based on such a feeling.

Same-Sex Marriage: Pros and Cons : 

Same-Sex Marriage: Pros and Cons 歧視同性戀如同歧視左撇子 正視“特殊婚姻”的必要性 同性婚姻是一種權利 ————————————————— 同性婚姻不能減少艾滋傳播 不能為孩子成長提供良好的環境 同性婚姻相當於鼓勵同性戀

Same-Sex Marriage : 

Same-Sex Marriage Li Yinhe (李銀河), a sexology scholar well-known in the Chinese gay community, tried to legalize same-sex marriage during the National People's Congress in 2000, 2004, and 2006 (Legalization for the Chinese Same-Sex Marriage,《中国同性婚姻合法化》 in 2000 and Chinese Same-Sex Marriage Bill, 《中国同 性婚姻提案》in 2004, 2006 and 2007). Newly wedded same-sex couples in a public wedding at Taiwan Pride 2006.

Marriage : 

Marriage A personal commitment between two people. A public declaration of marriage to the community. A legal contract with the government.

Same-sex Marriage : 

Same-sex Marriage Public opinion of Same-sex marriage in the United States is in a state of flux. Likely American voters are now nearly evenly split between those who support allowing same sex couples to marry and those opposed. Support for allowing same sex couples to marry is slowly, but steadily rising. Polls as of late 2008 suggest that there is majority support for some type of legal recognition for same sex couples, if support for both marriage and civil unions that provide all the rights of marriage are combined. Less than one-third of Americans oppose any legal recognition of same sex couples.

Same-sex Marriage : 

Same-sex Marriage Advocates of same-sex marriage generally hold that marriage and its benefits should not be denied to same-sex couples, and that such a denial infringes one or more of their rights as American citizens. Critics of same-sex marriage generally hold that marriage should be defined as only consisting of a union of one man and one woman, and that no rights exist that should compel a state to recognize any relationships to the contrary of that definition. Some people make a distinction between same-sex marriage and civil unions, which would provide same-sex couples the legal rights of marriage but have a different name.

Arguments against Gay Marriage : 

Arguments against Gay Marriage If we redefine marriage for this experiment, where do we stop? Same-sex marriage is nothing like interracial marriage. It is cruel to subject children to experimental families. The professional medical organizations that have supported same-sex parenting don’t have enough research data to do so. Thousands of studies show that children do best with married mothers and fathers. Any family that says male and female are optional is not a good human family, no matter how loving it might be. Cited from Glenn T. Stanton “Why not Gay Marriage?”

Same-sex Marriage : 

Same-sex Marriage Gay pride parade, 2009 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6EQwhS58tQ Larry King http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g4knC-zby6E 美加州是否禁同性婚姻 引发华人关注 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7DhMaerGWoA&feature=PlayList&p=6163B9FE5D76F548&index=0&playnext=1 Gay in China http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFkZr3X2K3k&feature=fvsr