Gastritis :
Gastritis A common GI problem that causes inflammation of the stomach mucosa
Acute: rapid onset of symptoms usually caused by diet, medications, bile reflux, and radiation therapy. Ingestion of strong acid or alkali may cause serious complications.
Chronic: prolonged inflammation due to ulcers or Helicobacter pylori. May also be associated with some autoimmune diseases, dietary factors, medications, alcohol, smoking, and chronic reflux of pancreatic secretions or bile.
Manifestations of Gastritis :
Manifestations of Gastritis Acute: abdominal discomfort, headache, nausea, vomiting, and hiccupping
Chronic: epigastric discomfort, anorexia, heartburn after eating, belching, sour taste in the mouth, nausea, vomiting, and intolerance of some foods
Diagnosis is usually by UGI x-ray or endoscopy and biopsy
Medical Management of Gastritis :
Medical Management of Gastritis Acute
Refrain from alcohol and food until symptoms subside
If due to strong acid or alkali treatment to neutralize the agent
Chronic
Modify diet, promote rest, reduce stress, and avoid alcohol and NSAIDs
Medications
Nursing Management :
Nursing Management Reduce anxiety
Promote optimal nutrition
Monitor for dehydration
Monitor for complications
Measures to relieve pain
Peptic Ulcer :
Peptic Ulcer Erosion of a mucous membrane forms a hollow out area in the stomach, pylorus, duodenum, or esophagus
Associated with infection of H. pylori, excessive secretion of stomach acid, dietary factors, chronic use of NSAIDs, alcohol, smoking, stress
Manifestations include a dull gnawing pain or burning in the midepigastrium or back; heartburn and vomiting may occur; Pain is usually relieved by eating
Peptic Ulcer :
Peptic Ulcer Diagnosed: Barium swallow, endoscopy, stools, blood tests
Treatment includes medications, lifestyle changes, dietary modifications, and occasionally surgery
Collaborative Problems/Potential Complications-Peptic Ulcers :
Collaborative Problems/Potential Complications-Peptic Ulcers Hemorrhage
Perforation/Penetration
Pyloric obstruction (gastric outlet obstruction)