Slide 1:PowerPoint Prepared by: Engr. Lizette Ivy G. Catadman ELECTRICAL SAFETY


Slide 2:DEFINITION ELECTRICITY flow of electrons through a conductor. A source of power.


Slide 3:VOLTAGE fundamental force or pressure that causes electricity to flow through a conductor. DEFINITION


Slide 4:CURRENT the flow of electrons from a source of voltage through a conductor. DEFINITION


Slide 5:ALTERNATING CURRENT ELECTRIC CURRENT REVERSING ITS DIRECTION OF FLOW AT REGULAR INTERVALS. DIRECT CURRENT ELECTRIC CURRENT FLOWING IN ONE DIRECTION.


Slide 6:GROUND refers to a conductive body, usually earth. DEFINITION


Slide 7:WHY WORRY ABOUT ELECTRICITY? ELECTROCUTIONS RANK 4TH IN CAUSES OF INDUSTRIAL FATALITIES. 1ST TRAFFIC 2ND VIOLENCE 3RD CONSTRUCTION


Slide 8:A human is exposed to lethal amount of electrical energy. ELECTROCUTION


EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT TO HUMAN BODY :EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT TO HUMAN BODY


EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT TO HUMAN BODY :EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT TO HUMAN BODY


EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT TO HUMAN BODY :EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT TO HUMAN BODY


Slide 12:THREE MAJOR CAUSES OF ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS CARELESSNESS MISUSE GETTING IN A HURRY


Slide 13:UNSAFE ACTS WE KNOW BETTER BUT INTENTIONALLY DO SOMETHING UNSAFE. WE DON’T KNOW BETTER. FAILURE TO DE-ENERGIZE, PLACE LOCK-OUT AND TAG-OUT HAZARDS DURING MAINTENANCE, REPAIR, OR INSPECTION OF FUSE BOXES OR EQUIPMENTS; OR, NOT VERIFYING THAT THE POWER IS OFF WHEN DOING REPAIRS. USE OF DEFECTIVE, UNSAFE, AND INAPPROPRIATE TOOLS. USE OF TOOLS OR EQUIPMENTS TOO CLOSE TO ENERGIZE PARTS. NOT DRAINING OFF THE STORED CHARGE OR ENERGY IN CAPACITORS. USING THREE-WIRE CORD WITH A TWO-WIRE PLUG. REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT OF WRONG [AMPACITY] FUSE.


ELECTRICAL HAZARDS :ELECTRICAL HAZARDS SHOCKS BURNS, ELECTROCUTIONS & OTHER INJURIES ARC BLASTS EXPLOSIONS FIRES


SHOCK :SHOCK Occurs when the body becomes part of the electric circuit. An individual in contact with the ground is also in contact with an energized open wire. DEFINITION


Slide 16:IT OCCURS FROM HIGH AMPERAGE/AMPACITY CURRENT ARCING THROUGH THE AIR. PRIMARILY ASSOCIATED WITH THERMAL RADIATION, PRESSURE WAVE, AND PROJECTILES. DEFINITION ARC-BLAST


Slide 17:DEFINITION IT OCCURS WHEN ELECTRICITY PROVIDES A SOURCE OF IGNITION FOR AN EXPLOSIVE MIXTURE IN THE ATMOSPHERE. EXPLOSION


Slide 18:DEFINITION THE MOST COMMON CAUSE OF FIRE IS ELECTRICITY, IN THE WORKPLACE OR AT HOME. DEFECTIVE OR MISUSED ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS AND/OR DEVICES ARE AMONG ITS MAJOR CAUSES. FIRE


Slide 19: BURNS Three Types of Burns Electrical Burns result of electric current flowing through tissues or bones. Arc Burns – Flash Burns result of high temperature near the body and are caused by electric arc or explosion. Thermal Contact Burns when in contact with hot surface of overheated electric conductors and other energized equipment.


Electrical Burn Vary in Severity Depending Upon :How long the body is in contact with electric current. The strength of current. The direction that the current takes through the body. Electrical Burn Vary in Severity Depending Upon


PREVENTING ELECTRIC HAZARDS :PREVENTING ELECTRIC HAZARDS INSULATION Covering a conductor with a high resistance to electricity material. Glass, Mica, Rubber, Plastic. GUARDING Live parts of electric equipment operating at 50 Volts or more must be guarded against accident contact. Achieved by: enclosure, substantial partitions, elevation accessible only to qualified persons.


PREVENTING ELECTRIC HAZARDS :PREVENTING ELECTRIC HAZARDS GROUNDING Refers to a conductive body, usually the earth, and means a conductive connection, whether intentional or accidental. CIRCUIT PROTECTION DEVICES Designed to automatically limit or shut off the flow of electricity in the event of ground-fault, overload, or short circuit in the wiring system.


PREVENTING ELECTRIC HAZARDS :PREVENTING ELECTRIC HAZARDS SAFE WORK PRACTICES A practice or working procedure to avoid electrical hazards. De-energizing equipment before inspecting or making repairs, using good judgment when working near energized lines, and using appropriate protective equipment. TRAINING Usually a follow-up to safe work practices.


Slide 24:ELECTRICAL SAFETY FOR CHILDREN THROUGH PARENTS STAY CLEAR OF POWER LINES. DON’T PLAY NEAR POWER LINES. NEVER CLIMB TREES THAT ARE NEAR ELECTRIC WIRES. DON’T CLIMB ELECTRIC UTILITY POLES, SUBSTATION FENCES, AND HIGH TENSION TOWERS. NEVER THROW ANYTHING OVER OR POWER LINES. NEVER FLY KITES NEAR POWER LINES.


Slide 25:ELECTRICAL SAFETY FOR CHILDREN THROUGH PARENTS DON’T PLAY WITH ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTS. DON’T STICK ANY OBJECT OTHER THAN AN ELECTRIC PLUG INTO AN OUTLET. NEVER FOOL WITH WIRES, ELECTRIC METERS, SWITCHES, OR ANY ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT IN AND AROUND THE HOUSE AND YARD. DON’T BREAK INSULATORS OR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT. STAY AWAY FROM TRANSFORMERS AND POWER SUBSTATIONS.


Slide 26:ELECTRICAL SAFETY FOR CHILDREN THROUGH PARENTS USE APPLIANCES SAFELY. NEVER USE ANY ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE WHEN YOU’RE WET, HAVE WET HANDS, OR WHEN YOU’RE STANDING IN/ON WATER. KEEP ALL ELECTRIC APPLIANCES AT LEAST 10 FEET AWAY FROM PLACES WHERE HUGE AMOUNT OF WATER IS STORED, LIKE POOLS, VATS, ETC. TAKE NOTE OF THE VOLTAGE REQUIREMENT OF THE APPLIANCE AND COMPARE THAT WITH THE SUPPLY.


CHECKS TO BE MADE AT HOME OR AT WORKPLACE :CHECKS TO BE MADE AT HOME OR AT WORKPLACE Outlets Loose-fitting plugs can overheat and cause fire. Cords Should be in good condition. Extension Cords Should not be overloaded. Plugs Should fit the outlet. “NEVER FORCE A PLUG TO AN OUTLET IF IT DOESN’T FIT”.


CHECKS TO BE MADE AT HOME OR AT WORKPLACE :CHECKS TO BE MADE AT HOME OR AT WORKPLACE Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters Should be placed in areas where water and electricity may come into contact. Light Bulbs Bulb wattage should fit the fixture wattage. Circuit Breakers/Fuses Should be of correct size or of current rating for the circuit. Water and Electricity Don’t Mix Don’t leave plugged-in appliances where they might be in contact with water.


CHECKS TO BE MADE AT HOME OR AT WORKPLACE :CHECKS TO BE MADE AT HOME OR AT WORKPLACE Appliances If it constantly blows fuse or trips the breaker, have it repaired. Entertainment/Computer Equipments Should be in good condition and works properly. Outdoor Safety Electric-powered mowers and other electric tools should not be used under the rain or in wet conditions.


CHECKS TO BE MADE AT HOME OR AT WORKPLACE :CHECKS TO BE MADE AT HOME OR AT WORKPLACE Ladders Avoid contact with overhead power lines. Lightning, Electrical Storm It is advisable not to use electrical appliances. Heaters, Candles, Kerosene Lamps Place them in proper holders and at least 3 feet away from any combustible material. Wiring Never work on or around hot lines. Never use the ground wire as the neutral or current-carrying conductor.


SAFETY DEVICES :SAFETY DEVICES FUSES Usually used to limit current that will pass to our circuit. CIRCUIT BREAKERS Like a fuse, also limits the amount of current.


SAFETY DEVICES :SAFETY DEVICES GFCI’s (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) A device that detects potentially hazardous ground faults and quickly disconnecting power from the circuit. LOCKOUT/TAGOUT DEVICES Used to lock out devices, may be color coded and individually keyed. Tag outs provides additional lockout and warning information.


FIRST AIDFor Electric Shocked Victims :FIRST AIDFor Electric Shocked Victims Don’t touch them. Protect yourself with dry insulating material. Unplug the appliance or turn off the power at the main control panel. Separate the victim from the power source. Call for an emergency help. If not breathing, mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If no pulse, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).


ACKNOWLEDGMENT :ACKNOWLEDGMENT ENGR. VITINI EDHARD IDEMNE FOR THE BASE MATERIAL AND INFORMATION CPU STUDENTS WHO TOOK SAFETY ENGINEERING FOR SOME OF THE INFORMATION, RESEARCH, AND SOME OF THE GRAPHICS