biofuels

Download
Share  Add to  Flag Embed
Views:
 
Category: Science & Tech..
     
 
License:   All Rights Reserved

Presentation Description

No description available.

Comments

Presentation Transcript

Slide 1: 

Biofuels, Towards a greener future June, 2008

Slide 2: 

Global Warming. Kyoto Protocol. Highest oil prices. New sources. New technologies. Renewable sources. Introduction Energy News agenda Report Contents Why Biofuels? Historical background. Types and uses. Production methods: Agricultural Sources. Organic Wastes.

Slide 3: 

Overview Definition The term Biofuel is used to describe the liquid, solid and gas fuels produced from Biomass to be used in transportation, heating or energy production.

Slide 4: 

Overview Why Biofuels? Renewable source. Energy security. Availability for all countries. Absence of harmful burning emissions. Complete carbon cycle achievement.

Slide 5: 

Overview Why Biofuels?

Slide 6: 

Historical background The 1973 Oil Crisis Before the crisis: The PROALCOOL Project. After the Crisis. The Idea. Application. Future concerns. Energy Security. 8 of 10 Cars run on Ethanol.

Slide 7: 

Historical background Statistics

Slide 8: 

Types of Biofuels Final Products Vegetable oil Biodiesel Bioalcohols Biogas Solid Biofuels Others in development

Slide 9: 

Overview Agrofuel Types of agrofuel Bio diesel, biogas, syngas, ethanol and wood gas Biofuel from agriculture

Slide 10: 

Sources Sugar beet Sugar cane Corn Potatoes Soybean Sun flour Biofuel from agriculture

Slide 11: 

Ethanol Production Hydrolysis Sugar Sugar sources Corn kernels Cellulose Drying Fermentation Distillation Ethanol Biofuel from agriculture

Slide 12: 

Biofuel from agriculture Biodiesel Production Transestrification reaction types Conversion of oil To fatty acid Then to biodiesel Acid catalyzed Of oil Base catalyzed Of oil Transestrification Reaction:

Slide 13: 

Biofuel from agriculture Biodiesel Production Low pressure, temp - High conversion. Base catalyzed of oil

Slide 14: 

Biofuel from agriculture Biodiesel Production

Slide 15: 

Biofuel from agriculture Advantages and Disadvantages Reduce Pollutant The food problem Permanent jobs Food crops prices

Slide 16: 

Biofuel from Wastes Methane Ethanol Biodiesel Preparation Adv. & Disadv.

Slide 17: 

Biofuel from Wastes Anaerobic Digestion What? Where? How? Why? Methane

Biofuel from Wastes : 

What is it? Decomposition of organic wastes in the absence of oxygen using bacteria. Anaerobic Digestion Methane Biofuel from Wastes Where is it held? In an air tight container with an expandable cover (digester).

Slide 19: 

Biofuel from Wastes Methane Anaerobic Digestion

Slide 20: 

Methane Biofuel from Wastes How is it held? A mixture of: animal sewage; food processing, agriculture & paper wastes is fed to the digester. The feed remains between 10 to 40 days under temperature of 30-70°C. Anaerobic Digestion

Slide 21: 

Methane Biofuel from Wastes Why Anaerobic Digestion? Fertilizers are obtained as a byproduct. Carbon neutral process (no extra CO2). Variable feedstock. Anaerobic Digestion

Slide 22: 

Biofuel from Wastes Wood Waste Ethanol Methane

Slide 23: 

Biofuel from Wastes Biodiesel Ethanol 10 lit.& get one free French Fries

Slide 24: 

Biodiesel Biofuel from Wastes FFAs Water NaOH Heating & settling Vegetable oil (contains chemical residues) Cooking Oil

Slide 25: 

Biodiesel Biofuel from Wastes Cooking Oil

Slide 26: 

Conclusion

Slide 27: 

Thank you for your time PVA Team, June 2008