logging in or signing up Congenital heart disease ksbarot Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 18218 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (12) Dislike it (1) Added: March 04, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 11 Presentation Description No description available Comments Posting comment... By: drhardik42 (2 month(s) ago) pls send ppt on emryology of heart to drhardik42@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: drmanglasood (4 month(s) ago) Sir, a very good presentation.pls allow me to download at drmanglasood@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... 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See all Premium member Presentation Transcript CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE: CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE Dr.KaushikCASE #1: CASE #1 45 YEAR OLD FEMALE COMPLAINS OF DYSPNEA ON EXERTION AND EPISODES OF PALPITATION DENIES ANY CHEST PAIN, NO SYNCOPE HISTORY OF HEART MURMURPHYSICAL EXAM: PHYSICAL EXAM Jugular pulse reveals a prominent “A”wave Right parasternal lift First heart sound is normal.Second heart sound is widely split and does not vary with respiration Grade 2/6 systolic ejection murmur heard best at the 2nd ICS-LSB Chest X-ray: Chest X-rayECG: ECG ECGECHOCARDIOGRAM: ECHOCARDIOGRAM ECHOCARDIOGRAMPathophysiology of ASD: Pathophysiology of ASDTYPES OF ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS: TYPES OF ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS Ostium Secundum:75% Ostium Primum: 15% Sinus Venosus: 10% Unroofed coronary sinusNATURAL HISTORY OF THE DISEASE: NATURAL HISTORY OF THE DISEASE Right ventricular dilatation and failure Pulmonary Hypertension Atrial flutter or fibrillation Paradoxical embolismTREATMENT: TREATMENT Surgical closure either by direct stitch or use of pericardial patch Percutaneous atrial septal closure deviceCASE #2: CASE #2 24 y/o male migrant worker was admitted because of chills and fever for several days No known past medical illnessPhysical exan: Physical exan Poor dental hygiene Petechiae noted in the conjunctiva and fingers PMI is at the 5th ICS, 1 cm lateral to the MCL S1is soft,S2 is split but vary with respiration. Grade 4/6 holosystolic murmur at the 4th ICS,LSB with a thrill.Chest X-ray: Chest X-rayECG: ECG Sinus rhythm Broad notched P wave,Tall R wave in V5 and V6ECHOCARDIOGRAM: ECHOCARDIOGRAMPathophysiology of VSD: Pathophysiology of VSDTypes of VSD: Types of VSD Perimembranous: 70% Muscular: 20% Supracristal: 10% InletNatural History Of VSD: Natural History Of VSD 25-40% of VSD close by age 2 and 90% of VSD that close do so by age 10 Small defects remain asymptomatic but are predisposed to endocarditis Large defects often develop LV failure, Pulmonary hypertension (Eisenmenger syndrome) and RV failure Aortic RegurgitationTreatment: Treatment Endocarditis prophylaxis Surgical closure in the absence of pulmonary hypertensionCase #3: Case #3 18 y/o female was referred because of dyspnea on exertion and easy fatigue History of heart murmur Mother had rubella during pregnancyPhysical Exam: Physical Exam BP: 140/50 No cyanosis and no clubbing of fingers Pulse are bounding PMI is at the 6th ICS, 2 cm lateral to the MCL. Precordial heave is present. S1 is normal.Grade 3/6 continous murmur is heard below the left clavicleECG: ECGChest X-ray: Chest X-rayEchocardiogram: EchocardiogramAngiogram: AngiogramPathophysiology of PDA: Pathophysiology of PDANatural History of PDA: Natural History of PDA Small PDA usually remain asymptomatic Infective endocarditis LV volume overload and LV failure Pulmonary Hypertension (Eisenmenger Syndrome) Atrial arrhythmiaTreatment: Treatment Surgical ligation and interruption of the duct Percutaneous device closure IndomethacinEisenmenger Syndrome: Eisenmenger Syndrome Severe pulmonary vascular obstructive disease with increased in pulmonary artery resistance and severe pulmonary hypertension secondary to a large left to right shunt. Reversal of shunt occurs when the pulmonary arterial pressure exceeds the systemic arterial pressureEisenmenger Syndrome: Eisenmenger Syndrome Shunt reversal is accompanied by cyanosis & clubbing The original murmur disappear.P2 is loud. Pulmonic regurgitation murmur is heard Erythrocytosis develops with symptoms of hyperviscosity Risk of bleeding and thrombosis Risk of brain abscess VSD with Eisenmenger Syndrome: VSD with Eisenmenger SyndromeTreatment: Treatment Phlebothomy with volume replacement Intravenous epoprostenol maybe beneficial Lung transplantation with repair of cardiac defect Avoid volume depletion,high altitude, exertion and vasodilatorsCase # 4: Case # 4 30 y/o male is referred for evaluation of hypertension Denies any headache,chest pain, dyspnea or syncope Physical Examination: Physical Examination BP: RA=160/70;LA=156/70;RL=120/70 S1:normal,systolic ejection click is present. Grade 2/6 systolic ejection murmur at the LSB and also at the back LV heave is present Femoral pulse is delayed Rib X-ray: Rib X-rayEchocardiogram: EchocardiogramAngiogram: AngiogramPathophysiology of Coarctation of the Aorta: Pathophysiology of Coarctation of the AortaNatural History of Coarctation of the Aorta: Natural History of Coarctation of the Aorta Persistent Hypertension LV failure Dissecting Aneurysm Premature coronary artery disease Rupture of cerebral aneurysms Infective endocarditis Bicuspid Aortic valve Turner’s syndromeTreatment: Treatment Surgical repair Transcatheter balloon angioplasty and stentingCase #5: Case #5 12 y/o male admitted because of dyspnea and cyanosis Patient has been cyanotic since few months after birth Has episodes of tachypnea and worsening cyanosis which improved with squatting Known history of heart disease but mother has refused surgeryPhysical Exam: Physical Exam Bluish discoloration Clubbing of fingers and toes Parasternal lift S1:normal;S2:single Grade 3/6 systolic ejection murmur at the 2nd and 3rd ICS, LSBECG: ECG Chest X-ray: Chest X-rayEchocardiogram: EchocardiogramPathophysiology of Tetralogy of Fallot: Pathophysiology of Tetralogy of FallotTreatment: Treatment Complete surgical repair: VSD closure and relief of RVOT obstruction Blalock-Taussig operation: SCA-PA Potts operation:DA-LPA Waterston-Cooley:AA-RPA Natural History: Natural History Prognosis is poor without surgical repair or palliation The survival rate of repaired TOF is worse compared to age-matched control Sudden cardiac death: VT Atrial arrhythmias Infective endocarditis Pulmonic Regurgitation Residual defects Thank you: Thank you You do not have the permission to view this presentation. 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Congenital heart disease ksbarot Download Post to : URL : Related Presentations : Share Add to Flag Embed Email Send to Blogs and Networks Add to Channel Uploaded from authorPOINT lite Insert YouTube videos in PowerPont slides with aS Desktop Copy embed code: (To copy code, click on the text box) Embed: URL: Thumbnail: WordPress Embed Customize Embed The presentation is successfully added In Your Favorites. Views: 18218 Category: Education License: All Rights Reserved Like it (12) Dislike it (1) Added: March 04, 2008 This Presentation is Public Favorites: 11 Presentation Description No description available Comments Posting comment... By: drhardik42 (2 month(s) ago) pls send ppt on emryology of heart to drhardik42@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: drmanglasood (4 month(s) ago) Sir, a very good presentation.pls allow me to download at drmanglasood@gmail.com Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: abdelmohsen1 (4 month(s) ago) Thabk you please let me download it Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: ksbarot (5 month(s) ago) Thank you everybody for all the comments. Actually since long time I never logged on to authorstream. Anybody who wants a copy of this ppt should leave their email address here and I would be happy to send it to you. Thank you all Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close By: drbijugovind (7 month(s) ago) Dear Dr Kaushik, I am a PG teacher and would be extremely grateful if you would allow me to download your excellent presentation. dr Govind Saving..... Post Reply Close Saving..... Edit Comment Close loading.... See all Premium member Presentation Transcript CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE: CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE Dr.KaushikCASE #1: CASE #1 45 YEAR OLD FEMALE COMPLAINS OF DYSPNEA ON EXERTION AND EPISODES OF PALPITATION DENIES ANY CHEST PAIN, NO SYNCOPE HISTORY OF HEART MURMURPHYSICAL EXAM: PHYSICAL EXAM Jugular pulse reveals a prominent “A”wave Right parasternal lift First heart sound is normal.Second heart sound is widely split and does not vary with respiration Grade 2/6 systolic ejection murmur heard best at the 2nd ICS-LSB Chest X-ray: Chest X-rayECG: ECG ECGECHOCARDIOGRAM: ECHOCARDIOGRAM ECHOCARDIOGRAMPathophysiology of ASD: Pathophysiology of ASDTYPES OF ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS: TYPES OF ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS Ostium Secundum:75% Ostium Primum: 15% Sinus Venosus: 10% Unroofed coronary sinusNATURAL HISTORY OF THE DISEASE: NATURAL HISTORY OF THE DISEASE Right ventricular dilatation and failure Pulmonary Hypertension Atrial flutter or fibrillation Paradoxical embolismTREATMENT: TREATMENT Surgical closure either by direct stitch or use of pericardial patch Percutaneous atrial septal closure deviceCASE #2: CASE #2 24 y/o male migrant worker was admitted because of chills and fever for several days No known past medical illnessPhysical exan: Physical exan Poor dental hygiene Petechiae noted in the conjunctiva and fingers PMI is at the 5th ICS, 1 cm lateral to the MCL S1is soft,S2 is split but vary with respiration. Grade 4/6 holosystolic murmur at the 4th ICS,LSB with a thrill.Chest X-ray: Chest X-rayECG: ECG Sinus rhythm Broad notched P wave,Tall R wave in V5 and V6ECHOCARDIOGRAM: ECHOCARDIOGRAMPathophysiology of VSD: Pathophysiology of VSDTypes of VSD: Types of VSD Perimembranous: 70% Muscular: 20% Supracristal: 10% InletNatural History Of VSD: Natural History Of VSD 25-40% of VSD close by age 2 and 90% of VSD that close do so by age 10 Small defects remain asymptomatic but are predisposed to endocarditis Large defects often develop LV failure, Pulmonary hypertension (Eisenmenger syndrome) and RV failure Aortic RegurgitationTreatment: Treatment Endocarditis prophylaxis Surgical closure in the absence of pulmonary hypertensionCase #3: Case #3 18 y/o female was referred because of dyspnea on exertion and easy fatigue History of heart murmur Mother had rubella during pregnancyPhysical Exam: Physical Exam BP: 140/50 No cyanosis and no clubbing of fingers Pulse are bounding PMI is at the 6th ICS, 2 cm lateral to the MCL. Precordial heave is present. S1 is normal.Grade 3/6 continous murmur is heard below the left clavicleECG: ECGChest X-ray: Chest X-rayEchocardiogram: EchocardiogramAngiogram: AngiogramPathophysiology of PDA: Pathophysiology of PDANatural History of PDA: Natural History of PDA Small PDA usually remain asymptomatic Infective endocarditis LV volume overload and LV failure Pulmonary Hypertension (Eisenmenger Syndrome) Atrial arrhythmiaTreatment: Treatment Surgical ligation and interruption of the duct Percutaneous device closure IndomethacinEisenmenger Syndrome: Eisenmenger Syndrome Severe pulmonary vascular obstructive disease with increased in pulmonary artery resistance and severe pulmonary hypertension secondary to a large left to right shunt. Reversal of shunt occurs when the pulmonary arterial pressure exceeds the systemic arterial pressureEisenmenger Syndrome: Eisenmenger Syndrome Shunt reversal is accompanied by cyanosis & clubbing The original murmur disappear.P2 is loud. Pulmonic regurgitation murmur is heard Erythrocytosis develops with symptoms of hyperviscosity Risk of bleeding and thrombosis Risk of brain abscess VSD with Eisenmenger Syndrome: VSD with Eisenmenger SyndromeTreatment: Treatment Phlebothomy with volume replacement Intravenous epoprostenol maybe beneficial Lung transplantation with repair of cardiac defect Avoid volume depletion,high altitude, exertion and vasodilatorsCase # 4: Case # 4 30 y/o male is referred for evaluation of hypertension Denies any headache,chest pain, dyspnea or syncope Physical Examination: Physical Examination BP: RA=160/70;LA=156/70;RL=120/70 S1:normal,systolic ejection click is present. Grade 2/6 systolic ejection murmur at the LSB and also at the back LV heave is present Femoral pulse is delayed Rib X-ray: Rib X-rayEchocardiogram: EchocardiogramAngiogram: AngiogramPathophysiology of Coarctation of the Aorta: Pathophysiology of Coarctation of the AortaNatural History of Coarctation of the Aorta: Natural History of Coarctation of the Aorta Persistent Hypertension LV failure Dissecting Aneurysm Premature coronary artery disease Rupture of cerebral aneurysms Infective endocarditis Bicuspid Aortic valve Turner’s syndromeTreatment: Treatment Surgical repair Transcatheter balloon angioplasty and stentingCase #5: Case #5 12 y/o male admitted because of dyspnea and cyanosis Patient has been cyanotic since few months after birth Has episodes of tachypnea and worsening cyanosis which improved with squatting Known history of heart disease but mother has refused surgeryPhysical Exam: Physical Exam Bluish discoloration Clubbing of fingers and toes Parasternal lift S1:normal;S2:single Grade 3/6 systolic ejection murmur at the 2nd and 3rd ICS, LSBECG: ECG Chest X-ray: Chest X-rayEchocardiogram: EchocardiogramPathophysiology of Tetralogy of Fallot: Pathophysiology of Tetralogy of FallotTreatment: Treatment Complete surgical repair: VSD closure and relief of RVOT obstruction Blalock-Taussig operation: SCA-PA Potts operation:DA-LPA Waterston-Cooley:AA-RPA Natural History: Natural History Prognosis is poor without surgical repair or palliation The survival rate of repaired TOF is worse compared to age-matched control Sudden cardiac death: VT Atrial arrhythmias Infective endocarditis Pulmonic Regurgitation Residual defects Thank you: Thank you